Least squares kinetic upwind method on moving grids for unsteady Euler computations

The present paper describes the extension of least squares kinetic upwind method for moving grids (LSKUM-MG). LSKUM is a kinetic theory based upwind Euler solver. LSKUM is a node based solver and can operate on any type of mesh or even on an arbitrary distribution of points. LSKUM-MG also has the capability to work on arbitrary meshes with arbitrary grid velocities. Results are presented for a moving piston problem and flow past an airfoil oscillating in pitch

Restricted Wiedemann-Franz law and vanishing thermoelectric power in one-dimensional conductors

In one-dimensional (1D) conductors with linear E-k dispersion (Dirac systems) intrabranch thermalization is favored by elastic electron-electron interaction in contrast to electron systems with a nonlinear (parabolic) dispersion. We show that under external electric fields or thermal gradients the carrier populations of different branches, treated as Fermi gases, have different temperatures as a consequence of self-consistent carrier-heat transport. Specifically, in the presence of elastic phonon scattering, the Wiedemann-Franz law is restricted to each branch with its specific temperature and is characterized by twice the Lorenz number. In addition thermoelectric power vanishes due to electron-hole symmetry, which is validated by experiment.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure

Instantaneous Radio Spectra of Giant Pulses from the Crab Pulsar from Decimeter to Decameter Wavelengths

The results of simultaneous multifrequency observations of giant radio pulses from the Crab pulsar, PSR B0531+21, at 23, 111, and 600 MHz are presented and analyzed. Giant pulses were detected at a frequency as low as 23 MHz for the first time. Of the 45 giant pulses detected at 23 MHz, 12 were identified with counterparts observed simultaneously at 600 MHz. Of the 128 giant pulses detected at 111 MHz, 21 were identified with counterparts observed simultaneously at 600 MHz. The spectral indices for the power-law frequency dependence of the giant-pulse energies are from -3.1 to -1.6. The mean spectral index is -2.7 +/- 0.1 and is the same for both frequency combinations (600-111 MHz and 600-23 MHz). The large scatter in the spectral indices of the individual pulses and the large number of unidentified giant pulses suggest that the spectra of the individual giant pulses do not actually follow a simple power law. The observed shapes of the giant pulses at all three frequencies are determined by scattering on interstellar plasma irregularities. The scatter broadening of the pulses and its frequency dependence were determined as tau_sc=20*(f/100)^(-3.5 +/- 0.1) ms, where the frequency f is in MHz.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure, 1 table (originally published in Russian in Astronomicheskii Zhurnal, 2006, vol. 83, No. 7, pp. 630-637), translated by Georgii Rudnitski

A tunable, dual mode field-effect or single electron transistor

A dual mode device behaving either as a field-effect transistor or a single electron transistor (SET) has been fabricated using silicon-on-insulator metal oxide semiconductor technology. Depending on the back gate polarisation, an electron island is accumulated under the front gate of the device (SET regime), or a field-effect transistor is obtained by pinching off a bottom channel with a negative front gate voltage. The gradual transition between these two cases is observed. This dual function uses both vertical and horizontal tunable potential gradients in non-overlapped silicon-on-insulator channel

Histological spectrum and diagnostic challenges in endometrial carcinoma of the uterus

Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common type of malignancy of the uterine corpus accounting for 95% of all primary malignancies. Epidemiological studies have proved the role of unopposed estrogen as an important factor in pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma. Pathologists play an important role not only in the histological confirmation of the diagnosis, but in subtyping, grading and staging of the tumor. Current study is undertaken to study the histological spectrum in endometrial carcinomas. Methods: Present study includes histologically confirmed cases of endometrial carcinoma of uterine corpus over a period of 24 months (July2020 to June 2022) in a tertiary health care center in central India. After gross examination, and standard sectioning, all these tumors were subtyped on histology and grading, staging was done as per WHO and FIGO recommendations. In cases with diagnostic dispute and overlapping features, IHC markers were applied. Results: Amongst total 30 confirmed cases of endometrial carcinoma, endometrioid type was most common (25) followed by villoglandular and serous type of adenocarcinoma. Architectural and nuclear grading was done in all cases. Staging could be done in hysterectomy specimens only. Difficulties encountered while grading and staging are discussed. Conclusions: Endometrial carcinoma was the most common type of malignancy. Other types were villoglandular and serous adenocarcinoma. Various additional histological features were also observed. Grade I tumors were commonly seen. Depth of myometrial invasion was measured in hysterectomy specimens. Various diagnostic challenges encountered are discussed