MORPHOLOGICAL, PATHOGENIC AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri ISOLATES FROM MAHARASHTRA, INDIA

Vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri (FOC) is considered as one of the major factors of low productivity in chickpea. The present study was conducted to determine the morphological, pathogenic and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) variability of twenty isolates of FOC collected from the Maharashtra State of India, along with four reference isolates corresponding to four known FOC races. Pathogenicity of each isolate was confirmed using the wilt susceptible chick-pea genotype JG-62. The mycelia of all the isolates were septate, hyaline and profusely branched. All the FOC isolates produced micro- and macro-conidia in pure culture within seven days after inoculation. Based on the abilities of the isolates to cause dis-ease on an international set of chickpea differentials and genetic variability estimated by the RAPD technique, these 24 isolates were grouped into two pathotypes, i.e. pathotype I and pathotype II

MORPHOLOGICAL, PATHOGENIC AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri ISOLATES FROM MAHARASHTRA, INDIA

Vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri (FOC) is considered as one of the major factors of low productivity in chickpea. The present study was conducted to determine the morphological, pathogenic and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) variability of twenty isolates of FOC collected from the Maharashtra State of India, along with four reference isolates corresponding to four known FOC races. Pathogenicity of each isolate was confirmed using the wilt susceptible chick-pea genotype JG-62. The mycelia of all the isolates were septate, hyaline and profusely branched. All the FOC isolates produced micro- and macro-conidia in pure culture within seven days after inoculation. Based on the abilities of the isolates to cause dis-ease on an international set of chickpea differentials and genetic variability estimated by the RAPD technique, these 24 isolates were grouped into two pathotypes, i.e. pathotype I and pathotype II.<br /><br /

MORPHOLOGICAL, PATHOGENIC AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri ISOLATES FROM MAHARASHTRA, INDIA

Vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri (FOC) is considered as one of the major factors of low productivity in chickpea. The present study was conducted to determine the morphological, pathogenic and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) variability of twenty isolates of FOC collected from the Maharashtra State of India, along with four reference isolates corresponding to four known FOC races. Pathogenicity of each isolate was confirmed using the wilt susceptible chick-pea genotype JG-62. The mycelia of all the isolates were septate, hyaline and profusely branched. All the FOC isolates produced micro- and macro-conidia in pure culture within seven days after inoculation. Based on the abilities of the isolates to cause dis-ease on an international set of chickpea differentials and genetic variability estimated by the RAPD technique, these 24 isolates were grouped into two pathotypes, i.e. pathotype I and pathotype II.<br /

Development of surfactant assisted kinetic method for trace determination of thallium in environmental samples

A simple and highly selective surfactant assisted kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of thallium has been developed. The method is based on the quantitative oxidation of Tl(I) to Tl(III) using bromine water where the resulting Tl(III) liberated iodine from potassium iodide in acidic medium. The liberated iodine was subsequently reacted with I− ion to form tri-iodide ions (I3−). The tri-iodide ions formed were further reacted with cetylpyridinium cation (CP+) which produced a violet ion associate species having a λmax of 512 nm at which reaction was monitored. The reaction variables such as time, temperature, reagent concentration and acidity were optimized for the indicator reaction to achieve maximum sensitivity. The linear regression calibration concentration range of 0.007–0.1 μg mL− 1 Tl(I) was established as the Beer's law was obeyed in this range. Sandell's sensitivity and molar absorptivity of the ion associate species in terms of thallium were determined to be 0.000133 μg cm− 2 and 1.99 × 106 L mol− 1 cm− 1 respectively. The limit of detection was determined as 0.0029 μg mL− 1. The developed method has successfully been applied for the determination of thallium in different environmental samples with satisfactory results

Kinetic determination of trace amount of mercury(II) in environmental samples

A novel, simple, sensitive and selective kinetic spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of Hg(II) in environmental samples. The method is based on the catalytic effect of Hg(II) on the potassium bromate-leucocrystal violet (LCV) reaction system in the acidic medium. Decolourization of LCV was used to monitor the reaction spectrophotometrically at 595 nm. The indicator reaction obeys Beer's law in the range of 0.005–0.05 μg mL− 1. The effects of various parameters such as pH, time, temperature and the concentration of the reagents have been optimized for the indicator reaction. Sandell's sensitivity and molar absorptivity for the system were found to be 0.00006875 μg cm− 2 and 3.95 × 106 L mol− 1 cm− 1, respectively. The detection limit and the limit of quantification were calculated to be 0.0021 μg mL− 1 and 0.014 μg mL− 1, respectively. The proposed method involving KBrO3 for the oxidation of LCV has successfully been applied for the determination of Hg(II) in vegetables, water, soil and fungicides samples

A novel and sensitive kinetic method for the determination of malathion using chromogenic reagent

A novel and sensitive kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of malathion has been developed. The method is based on the oxidation of malathion with slight excess of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) at 30 °C where unconsumed NBS was monitored with safranine dye spectrophotometerically at λmax 530 nm using fixed time procedure after 10 min of the reaction. The oxidized product was characterized as malaoxon by Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 0.025–0.25 μg mL− 1. Important analytical parameters such as time, temperature, reagents concentration, and acidity have been optimized for the reaction. Sandell's sensitivity and molar absorptivity for the reaction system were found to be 0.0003 μg cm− 2 and 9.6 × 105 L mol− 1 cm− 1 respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of malathion in different samples with satisfactory results. The results were compared with those obtained by GC–MS methods

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