Polikistik over sendromu'nda metformin tedavisi ile serum B12 vitamini ve forik asit düzeyi ilişkisi

Metformin is being evaluated as a firstline, particularly in obese and insulin resistant polycystic ovary syndrome patients (PCOS) patients. Metformin helps to control weights, serum lipids and blood pressure in those prediabetic patients. The gastrointestinal discomfort and f lotulans are the most well know side effects of metformin but the most dangerous and rare side affect is lactic acidosis. In spme diabetic patients, there are some studies indicating that metformin is related to vitamin B12 malabsorbtion. 30 obese PCOS women were enrolled in this study and received 1700 mg metformin for 6 months. All women had BMI;gt;30 kg/m2 and insulin resistant (HO-MA-IR;gt;2,7) at the beginning of our study. Serum vitamin B12 and folic acid levels, fasting glucose and insulin levels, hemograms, follicular phase sex hormones were evaluated before and after the treatment period. Our results indicate that, metformin causes Vitamin B12 malabsorbtion in some but not all these patients.Son yıllarda metformin, özellikle obez ve insulin direnci olan polikistik over sendromlu (PCOS) bayanlar da çok sık tercih edilen bir ilaç haline gelmiştir. Bu ilaç hastalardaki kilo fazlalığı, hiperlipidemi ve diyabete yatkınlık gibi olayların çözümünü sağlarken infertilite tedavisini de kolaylaştırmaktadır. Metforminin en korkulan yan etkisi laktik asidoz olsa da, sık görülen yan etkiler gastrointestinal sisteme ait olanlardır. Literatürde nadiren bildirilen bir yan etki ise metforminin B12 malabsorbsiyonuna yol açmasıdır. Bu çalışmada metforminin B12 vitamini emilimine etkilerini araştırmak üzere 30 obez PCOS'lu bayan 6 ay 2X850 mg/gün metformin ile tedavi edildi.. Çalışmanın başında tüm bayanların BMI>30 kg/m2 ve HOMA-IR>2,7 idi. Tedavinin başlangıcında ve sonunda serum Vitamin B12 ve folik asit düzeyleri, hemogram, follikülerfaz seks steroidleri tetkik edildi. Sonuç olarak metforminin, PCOS vakalarında B12 vitamini emilimini anlamlı derecede azalttığı gösterildi

Early onset androgenic alopecia as the male phenotypic equivalent of polycystic ovarian syndrome is associated in high oxidative stress

The genetic component of Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) proved to play an important role in its etiology. Early androgenetic alopecia (EAGA) is widely accepted as its male equivalent of PCOS if it starts before age of 30. In this study, we aimed to investigate metabolic and oxidative stress parameters of men with EAGA and compare them with healthy age-matched controls. Fasting glucose, fasting insulin, homocysteine, serum malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), folic acid, and vitamin B12 were measured from the blood samples of thirty men with EAGA and 30 controls. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) results were used for the marker of insulin sensitivity. Alopecia classification was made by using the scale of Hamilton with Norwood modification. We demonstrated a significantly lower TAC activity (p [Med-Science 2021; 10(2.000): 609-13

Leuprolide acetate-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis

WOS: 000248765300021PubMed ID: 1761183

THYROID HORMONE REPLACEMENT IN TOTAL THYROIDECTOMIZED PATIENTS : SYMPTOMATIC AND METABOLIC EFFECTS OF LEVOTHYROXINE MONOTHERAPY

Purpose: In this study, we planned to investigate the effects of L-thyroxine monotherapy on total thyroidectomized patients. The main goal of our study is to evaluate if FT4 therapy is good enough not only to maintain euthyroidism but also to provide a good quality of life and a balance in their metabolism Methods: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated 30 total thyroidectomized patients without malignancy. We compared their thyroid hormone levels, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, their body mass indexes, and their symptoms of thyroid problems before surgery and after one year of treatment of L-thyroxine monotherapy. Results: the pre-op and post-op thyroid hormone levels were both in the normal range but the FT4 levels were significantly higher in the 1st year results than pre-op results (1,42 +/- 0,18 vs 1,29 +/- 0,49 respectively P=0,005*) The FT3 levels also were in the normal range in pre and 1st year post-op but post-op FT3 levels were significantly lower than pre-op levels (2,25 +/- 0,27 vs 2,92 +/- 0,49 retrospectively P<0,001*). The pre-op and postop TSH levels were euthyroid and not statistically significant. The patients tended to gain weight and it seems to be because of a tendency of being insulin resistant. (HOMA-IR pre-op and post-op were 2,2 +/- 1,1 vs 2,6 +/- 1,1 P<0,01 retrospectively; pre-op and post-op weights were 69,8 +/- 9,5 vs 71,1 +/- 10,3 P=0,006* respectively). Even all of them were euthyroid the patients tended to feel hypothyroidism symptoms. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that even though they are euthyroid with FT4 treatment total thyroidectomized patients may suffer from hypothyroidism signs and symptoms and metabolic deterioration may occur in such patients. We recommend that we should aim not only to normalize s-TSH levels but also to normalize patients' metabolic parameters and improve the quality of daily life when regulating our treatments

Thyroid Hormone Replacement in Total Thyroidectomized Patients: Symptomatic and Metabolic Effects of Levothyroxine Monotherapy

Purpose: In this study, we planned to investigate the effects of L-thyroxine monotherapy on total thyroidectomized patients. The main goal of our study is to evaluate if FT4 therapy is good enough not only to maintain euthyroidism but also to provide a good quality of life and a balance in their metabolism Methods: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated 30 total thyroidectomized patients without malignancy. We compared their thyroid hormone levels, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, their body mass indexes, and their symptoms of thyroid problems before surgery and after one year of treatment of L-thyroxine monotherapy. Results: the pre-op and post-op thyroid hormone levels were both in the normal range but the FT4 levels were significantly higher in the 1st year results than pre-op results (1,42 +/- 0,18 vs 1,29 +/- 0,49 respectively P=0,005*) The FT3 levels also were in the normal range in pre and 1st year post-op but post-op FT3 levels were significantly lower than pre-op levels (2,25 +/- 0,27 vs 2,92 +/- 0,49 retrospectively P<0,001*). The pre-op and postop TSH levels were euthyroid and not statistically significant. The patients tended to gain weight and it seems to be because of a tendency of being insulin resistant. (HOMA-IR pre-op and post-op were 2,2 +/- 1,1 vs 2,6 +/- 1,1 P<0,01 retrospectively; pre-op and post-op weights were 69,8 +/- 9,5 vs 71,1 +/- 10,3 P=0,006* respectively). Even all of them were euthyroid the patients tended to feel hypothyroidism symptoms. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that even though they are euthyroid with FT4 treatment total thyroidectomized patients may suffer from hypothyroidism signs and symptoms and metabolic deterioration may occur in such patients. We recommend that we should aim not only to normalize s-TSH levels but also to normalize patients' metabolic parameters and improve the quality of daily life when regulating our treatments

Marine Aquaculture in Turkey: Advancements and Management

Fish diseases are divided into two categories as infectious and non-infectious.Infectious diseases affecting marine fish culture in Turkey will be explained inthe following sections in this chapter. Academics and representatives of fishhealth consulting companies compiled this section with a joint effort to combinescientific approaches and field experiences together

Enhancing technology clustering through heuristics by using patent counts

International Patent Classification (IPC) system is a hierarchical classification structure used essentially to classify and explore patents along with the technical fields which they are concerned with. Therefore, corresponding number of patents for a certain IPC, can serve as an indicator of technical developments in the relevant area. These numbers can also form a basis for investigating state of the art for a particular field of technology. This paper proposes an approach for clustering of patents for those of the technologies listed by IPC via the number of patent counts. A set of n real numbers indicating the patent counts for different technologies is partitioned into k clusters such that the sum of the squared deviations from the mean-value within each cluster is minimized. With this purpose in mind, two different heuristics have been considered for clustering since complete enumeration would take considerable solution time. The first heuristic is specifically proposed for this study and the second one is Great Deluge Algorithm (GDA) which has been extensively used for solving complicated problems. The proposed heuristics are coded in visual basic (VB) 6.0 and a user interface is developed for the program. The developed program attempts to find the appropriate k value in order to make the best possible clustering. As an application of the proposed clustering approach, patent data that is retrieved from web site of Turkish Patent Institute (TPI) has been used for clustering technologies. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved