The study of effectiveness of social capital, organizational capital and knowledge on entrepreneurship

In this research, we studied the effectiveness of internal and external social capital and organizational capital (two subcategories of intellectual capital) and also different types of presented knowledge in the organization, by counting tacitness or explicitness or even complexity, on entrepreneurship and innovation of firms. The result of study shows that social capital (inside organizational and outside organizational) have positive effect on innovation and organizational capital also by having positive effect on social capital have indirect effect on innovation. Also, the effect of knowledge tacitness exists under social capital high level conditions, and it shows the positive relation with fundamental innovations. Knowledge complexity also applies positive effect on radical innovations

The study of effectiveness of social capital, organizational capital and knowledge on entrepreneurship

In this research, we studied the effectiveness of internal and external social capital and organizational capital (two subcategories of intellectual capital) and also different types of presented knowledge in the organization, by counting tacitness or explicitness or even complexity, on entrepreneurship and innovation of firms. The result of study shows that social capital (inside organizational and outside organizational) have positive effect on innovation and organizational capital also by having positive effect on social capital have indirect effect on innovation. Also, the effect of knowledge tacitness exists under social capital high level conditions, and it shows the positive relation with fundamental innovations. Knowledge complexity also applies positive effect on radical innovations

Impact of environment and cultural index to development of the desired model buying habits: A case study among Iranian customers

Buying behavior in this study refers to the consumer behavior toward the type of the selected product, time, repetition and condition of buying or not buying a product by someone. In other words, the buying behavior is the buyer's decision-making process on selection or not selection of products according to behavior without further research. It is understood that there are some effective factors in the consumers buying behaviors such as environmental factors, whether minor or macro, such as economic, politic, social, cultural and technological factors. Therefore, there is a major difference in the people buying behaviors through the world. Whereas no study has been done on the buying behaviors in Iran, this research deal with the buying behaviors of the other nations and effective indices in them and more important indices which are more common were extracted. These indices were, then, examined by using the experts' points of view in this field (University Lecturers, managers of Ministry of Commerce, religious authorities and etc) and Delphi method in order to extract the indices which are more similar to the Iranian's national and religious culture, specially, the citizens of Tehran and develop a certified desired model for the buying behaviors of the citizens of Tehran

Impact of environment and cultural index to development of the desired model buying habits: A case study among Iranian customers

Buying behavior in this study refers to the consumer behavior toward the type of the selected product, time, repetition and condition of buying or not buying a product by someone. In other words, the buying behavior is the buyer's decision-making process on selection or not selection of products according to behavior without further research. It is understood that there are some effective factors in the consumers buying behaviors such as environmental factors, whether minor or macro, such as economic, politic, social, cultural and technological factors. Therefore, there is a major difference in the people buying behaviors through the world. Whereas no study has been done on the buying behaviors in Iran, this research deal with the buying behaviors of the other nations and effective indices in them and more important indices which are more common were extracted. These indices were, then, examined by using the experts' points of view in this field (University Lecturers, managers of Ministry of Commerce, religious authorities and etc) and Delphi method in order to extract the indices which are more similar to the Iranian's national and religious culture, specially, the citizens of Tehran and develop a certified desired model for the buying behaviors of the citizens of Tehran

A factor analysis of identifying the customer behavior patterns: A case study in Tehran

Studying shopping habit patterns of the customers is an area of interest among the marketing experts. Identifying these patterns provides suitable information for planning in relation to marketing, and identifying this profile could present useful information concerning the target group. Therefore, this piece of research seeks to identify the customers’ shopping habit patterns and has been carried out by means of the survey method. The statistical population includes the customers in Tehran province from among whom 496 individuals were randomly selected (based on Cochran’s formula) in observance of appropriate attribution. The research tools include a questionnaire, the validity of which was verified according to the views expressed by a group of lecturers at the Payame Noor University of Tehran. Then, in order to examine the reliability of the questionnaire, 30 copies were distributed to the customers as pre-test. The Cronbach’s alpha (a = 0.80) suggested that the research tools is highly competent for data collection. Research findings indicated that the people’s shopping habits in Tehran province may be summarized in 10 factors which totally demonstrate 56.31% of the customers’ shopping habits in a factor pattern and 33 items based on the data. Finally, practical suggestions are put forward for planners

The study of effectiveness of social capital, organizational capital and knowledge on entrepreneurship

In this research, we studied the effectiveness of internal and external social capital and organizational capital (two subcategories of intellectual capital) and also different types of presented knowledge in the organization, by counting tacitness or explicitness or even complexity, on entrepreneurship and innovation of firms. The result of study shows that social capital (inside organizational and outside organizational) have positive effect on innovation and organizational capital also by having positive effect on social capital have indirect effect on innovation. Also, the effect of knowledge tacitness exists under social capital high level conditions, and it shows the positive relation with fundamental innovations. Knowledge complexity also applies positive effect on radical innovations

A factor analysis of identifying the customer behavior patterns: A case study in Tehran

Studying shopping habit patterns of the customers is an area of interest among the marketing experts. Identifying these patterns provides suitable information for planning in relation to marketing, and identifying this profile could present useful information concerning the target group. Therefore, this piece of research seeks to identify the customers’ shopping habit patterns and has been carried out by means of the survey method. The statistical population includes the customers in Tehran province from among whom 496 individuals were randomly selected (based on Cochran’s formula) in observance of appropriate attribution. The research tools include a questionnaire, the validity of which was verified according to the views expressed by a group of lecturers at the Payame Noor University of Tehran. Then, in order to examine the reliability of the questionnaire, 30 copies were distributed to the customers as pre-test. The Cronbach’s alpha (a = 0.80) suggested that the research tools is highly competent for data collection. Research findings indicated that the people’s shopping habits in Tehran province may be summarized in 10 factors which totally demonstrate 56.31% of the customers’ shopping habits in a factor pattern and 33 items based on the data. Finally, practical suggestions are put forward for planners

Effect of vitamins A, E, C and omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on the level of catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Background: Since free radicals and antioxidant enzymes may play an important role in the development of diabetes, the present study was designed to assess the effect of supplementation with vitamins A, E and C and �-3 fatty acids on catalase and superoxide dismutase activity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: A total of 64 male Wistar rats weighing 250 g were divided into four groups as normal control, diabetic control, diabetic supplemented with vitamin A, E and C and diabetic supplemented with �-3 fatty acids. After four weeks the rats were anesthetized and catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were investigated in blood samples, liver and heart homogenates. Results: In diabetic rats, the activity levels of heart SOD (p < 0.001) and heart and liver CAT (p < 0.001) were significantly lower than in normal control rats. Supplementation with vitamins A, E and C significantly increased heart CAT (p = 0.05). No significant change was observed in diabetic rats supplemented with �-3 fatty acids. Conclusion: Supplementation with vitamins A, E and C and �-3 fatty acids was found to increase heart CAT activity in diabetic rats and they can be valuable candidates in the treatment of the complications of diabetes