Dendritic Ag Nanostructures:Synthesis,Characterization and Application

Silver has been at the forefront of material research and applications for many generations now. Decades long research to understand materials at macro, micro and nano level has brought us a huge knowledge about how size of materials affect their properties. Noble metals like Ag, Au and Pt have been historically classified as precious metals and were mostly used for jewellery, coinage etc. Later as we discovered their electrical and thermal properties, they started to be used as electrical contacts and other thermal and electrical conducting materials. Only recently we have been able to use them as nanoparticles in various ways. The present work focuses on synthesizing Silver nanoparticles using novel methodologies and non-energy intensive methods. This method employs a hybrid method using both seed and light mediated synthesis methods to grow interesting dendritic silver nanostructures. These nanostructures are believed to be growing over the PVP we have used in these experiments.Scientific community also defines these kind of nanostrucutres are plasmonic antennae since these structures can be used to concentrate the effect of light i.e. Surface plamon resonance at many specific locations of the structures. This enables these structures to be used for various plasmonic purposes including plasmon sensing and Surface Enhanced Raman and fluorescence sensing

Causes and management of post-partum hemorrhage at tertiary care center, Rajasthan, India

Background: PPH is responsible for 25% of all maternal deaths. In India, PPH incidence in India is 2%-4% following vaginal delivery and 6% following cesarean section. PPH as the important cause of 19.9% of maternal mortality in India. The objectives of the study were to study the incidence, risk factors, cause, morbidity and mortality pattern and management of PPH.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among 102 pregnant women selected by convenient sampling and admitted in labour room during the study period who will be deliver by vaginally or by caesarean section. The patient having PPH were divided into two groups: Group I: Patients having primary atonic PPH, Group II: Patients having traumatic PPH.Results: Mean age of participants was 33.6 and 32.9 years, 59.3 and 51.2 have ‘0’ parity, mean BMI 22.8 and 23.9 kg/m2, 34.6% and 17.1 babies were delivered by LSCS, 11.7% and 12.2% have history of PPH in the group of atonic and traumatic respectively. In the group of atonic PPH cases, 77.2%, 15.4%, 4.3% and 3.1% cases managed by the method of ‘Uterotonics +2blood transfusions’, ‘Perineal Tear Repair’ and ‘Surgical Intervention’ respectively. All the traumatic PPH cases (100.0%) were managed by ‘surgical intervention’.Conclusions: A multi-disciplinary approach include medical, mechanical, surgical and radiological is required in severe haemorrhage. Availability of blood and blood products is very crucial. Prediction and assessment of blood loss and timely identification of uterine atony are remaining the cornerstone for prompt and effective management of PPH

Evaluation of amniotic fluid volume and its relation to perinatal outcome

Background: In pregnancy amniotic fluid surrounds the foetus and plays an important role in the development of fetus. From the very beginning of the formation of the extracoelomic cavity amniotic fluid can be detected. To evaluate the predictive value of amniotic fluid index (AFI) (34 weeks. The women’s history, clinical examination recorded, and AFI were measured and the perinatal outcome was compared between two groups, i.e., AFI 5.Results: The cesarean section rate for fetal distress, low birth weight babies, <2.5 kg and meconium staining was higher in patients with oligohydramnios (p=0.012, 0.001, 0.00015 respectively). There was no significant difference in Apgar score at 5 min <7 (p=0.087) and NICU at birth between the two groups.Conclusions: Oligohydramnios has a significant correlation with cesarean section for fetal distress, low birth weight babies and NICU admission