Qualidade dos fenos de capim-tifton 85 e alfafa sobre a biometria corporal e o desempenho esportivo de cavalos atletas na modalidade de três tambores

We aimed, with this research, to study the effect of quality of tifton grass and alfalfa hay, in isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets, on equine corporal biometry. The treatments had six diets consisted of 50% concentrated and 50% forage and the experimental design was the latin square 6x6 (six horses and six periods). It was used six horses (1 gelding and 5 stallions), crossbred, aged between 6 and 7 years and 353.8±49.7 kg of average body weight. The forage diet consisted of combinations of hay in 2x3 factorial, two forage (tifton 85 bermudagrass and alfalfa) and three types of hay (A, B and C). The variables measured in horses were body weight (BW), abdominal circumference (AC), water intake (WI), moisture content in feces (M), total serum protein concentration (TSP), fecal output (FO), dry matter digestibility (DMD) of diets and indigestible neutral detergent fiber content (iNDF) in feces. There was significant effect (P<0.05) for BW, AC, M, FO and iNDF for type of forage. The group of horses fed alfalfa hay presented lower BW (349.23±39.69 kg), AC (174.27±8.18 cm), M (72.65±0.79%) and FO (2.42±0.10 kg), and higher iNDF content (63.19±0.59%). For both forages, hay type C resulted in higher FO (P=0.0013), and for type A was observed higher M (P<0.0001) and DMD (P=0.0061). It was possible to conclude that alfalfa hay provided reduction on BW and AC, which can be explained by higher digestibility checked for diet consisting of leguminous hay, as well as the lower water retention and higher amount of non-digestible mass in gastrintestinal tract in respect to tifton bermudagrass hayCom o trabalho objetivou-se estudar o efeito da qualidade dos fenos de capim-tifton e alfafa, em dietas isoproteicas e isoenergéticas, sobre a biometria corporal de cavalos. Os tratamentos consistiram de seis dietas constituídas por concentrado e volumoso, na relação 50:50, e o delineamento experimental foi o quadrado latino 6x6 (seis cavalos e seis períodos). Foram utilizados seis equinos machos (1 castrado e 5 garanhões), mestiços, com idade entre 6 e 7 anos e peso corporal médio de 353,8±49,7 kg. O volumoso da dieta foi composto pelas combinações de fenos, em esquema fatorial 2x3, sendo duas forragens (capim-tifton e alfafa) e três tipos de feno (A, B e C). As variáveis mensuradas foram peso corporal (PC), perímetro do abdômen (PA), consumo de água (CA), teor de umidade nas fezes (U), concentração de proteína sérica total (PST), produção fecal (PF), coeficiente de digestibilidade da matéria seca (CDMS) das dietas e teor de fibra em detergente neutro indigestível (FDNi) nas fezes. Houve efeito significativo (P<0,05) para as variáveis PC, PA, U, PF e FDNi para o tipo forrageiro. O grupo de cavalos alimentado com feno de alfafa apresentou menores valores para PC (349,23±39,69 kg), PA (174,27±8,18 cm), U (72,65±0,79%) e PF (2,42±0,10 kg), e maior FDNi (63,19±0,59%). Para ambas as forrageiras, o feno tipo C resultou em maior PF (P=0,0013), e para o feno tipo A foi observado maiores U (P<0,0001) e CDMS (P=0,0061). Foi possível concluir que o feno de alfafa proporcionou redução no PC e PA, que pode ser explicado pela maior digestibilidade verificada para a dieta composta pelo feno da leguminosa, com reflexos sobre a menor retenção de água e a maior quantidade de massa digestível no trato gastrintestinal em relação ao feno de capim -tifton

Componentes de produção e produtividade do milho em consórcio com forrageiras com semeadura simultânea

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Components of production and corn yield intercropped with forages in simultaneous sowing

In the past, the integration of grain with cattle activity was limited to restricted options. Nowadays, however, there are numerous offers technology applicable to various concerns and socio-economic situation of producers. The integrated crop-livestock (ICL) can be made by the intercrop, succession or crop rotation with annual grasses. The work aimed to evaluate the grain yield of irrigated corn crop intercropped with forages of the genus Panicum and Urochloa in simultaneous sowing with corn. The experiment was conducted at the Farm for Teaching, Research and Extension, Faculty of Engineering - UNESP, Ilha Solteira in an Oxisol in Savannah conditions. The experimental area was irrigated by center pivot and it had a history of no-tillage to 8 years. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with four replications and five treatments, as being: Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania sown simultaneously (CTS) to corn; Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça sown simultaneously (CMS) to corn; Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraes sown simultaneously (CBS) to corn; Urochloa ruziziensis sown simultaneously (CRS) to corn, and corn without intercropping (CWI). The production components of corn: plant population per hectare (PlPo), number of ears per hectare (NE ha-1), number of rows per ear (NRE), number of kernels per row on the ear (NKR), number of grain per ear (NGE) and mass of 100 grains (M100G) were not influenced by intercrop with forages. Comparing grain yield of single corn and corn intercropped with forage of the genus Panicum and Urochloa, there were no differences between treatments. Grain productivity (GP) of corn intercropped with forage of the genus Panicum and Urochloa was similar and did not differ from corn grown single. Regarding the dry mass production (DMP) of forage genus Panicum and Urochloa after intercropped with corn, it was observed that the intercrop that had the highest DMP was CTS, however, did not differ significantly from the other consortia. Therefore, the intercrop of corn with forage of the genus Panicum and Urochloa not influence growth and grain yield of irrigated corn in no-tillage system (NTS) in Savannah. </span

Componentes de produção e produtividade do milho em consórcio com forrageiras com semeadura simultânea

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Teores de macronutrientes do milho em consórcio com forrageiras dos gêneros Panicum e Urochloa em semeadura simultânea

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Macronutrients leaf contents of corn in intercropping with forages of genus Panicum and Urochloa in simultaneous seeding

The planting of crops in degraded pasture areas is a formula used for decades by farmers to recover the productive capacity of pastures and soils. The integrated crop-livestock (ICL) consists of different production systems of grains, fibers, wood, meat, milk and agro-deployed in the same area, in intercrop, rotation or succession. Typically this integration mainly involves the planting of grain and pasture in the recovery or deployment. This work aimed to evaluate the macronutrients leaf contents of irrigated corn intercropped with forages of the genus Panicum and Urochloa simultaneously to sown corn. The experiment was conducted at the Farm for Teaching, Research and Extension, Faculty of Engineering - UNESP, Ilha Solteira in an Oxisol in Savannah conditions, in experimental area that had a history of no-tillage to 8 years (previous crop corn). The experimental design used was randomized blocks with four replications and five treatments: Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania sown simultaneously (CTS) corn; Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça sown simultaneously (CMS) to corn; Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraes sown simultaneously (CBS) corn; Urochloa ruziziensis sown simultaneously (CRS) to corn, and corn without intercropping (CWI). The seeds of grasses were sown in spacing of 0.34 m, being sown with a seed drill with disc coulters mounted mechanism for no-tillage system at a depth of 0.03 m. There was no significant difference between the single corn tillage and intercropping with different modalities of forage genus Panicum and Urochloa to the leaf contents of N, P, K, Ca and Mg, demonstrating the non-compete forages with corn in a intercrop on the absorption of these nutrients. In respect to S, CTS presented higher content of S foliar when compared to CWI (Table 1). The absorption of nutrients by corn are not affect by the intercrop with forages of the genus Panicum and Urochloa, in simultaneously sown.</p

Teores de macronutrientes do milho em consórcio com forrageiras dos gêneros Panicum e Urochloa em semeadura simultânea

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Efeito de intensidade de pastejo e suplementação no desempenho, indicadores de estresse e perfil metabólico de cordeiros em terminação

In the present study, the effect of grazing intensity (GI) and feed supplementation in sixty-four crossbred Santa Inês lambs was assessed based on performance, blood stress indicators, and metabolic profiles. The GIs analyzed were VH = very high, H = high, L = low, and VL = very low, and were represented by the residual leaf area index (LAIr). The lambs were divided into two groups, supplemented (SP) and non-supplemented (NSP). The dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) increased linearly with decreasing GI (P 0.05). The neutrophil:lymphocyte (N:L) ratio decreased linearly with GI (P 0.05), except albumin, where the SP group had a higher concentration of this metabolite (P 0.05). It was concluded that GI and SP modified the performance, stress indicators, and metabolic profiles of finishing lambs.No presente estudo foi avaliado o efeito de intensidades de pastejo (IP) pelo índice de área foliar residual (IAFr). Onde, 0,8; 1,4; 2,0 e 2,6 de IAFr corresponde a MA= muito alto, A= alto, B= baixo e MB= muito baixo com suplemento (SP) ou não suplementado (NSP) no desempenho, indicadores de estresse e perfil metabólico em sessenta e quatro cordeiros mestiços Santa Inês (15,40±2,31 kg peso vivo). O consumo de matéria seca (CMS) e ganho médio diário (GMD), em resposta a IP, apresentaram efeito linear crescente (P0,05) entre as IP. A relação Neutrófilo:Linfócito apresentou efeito linear decrescente (P0,05) pela IP, exceto a Albumina que apresentou efeito (P0,05) de nenhum dos tratamentos. Conclui-se que a IP e SP modificou o desempenho, indicadores de estresse e perfil metabólico de cordeiros em terminação