THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA ON JAVANESE LANGUAGE SUBJECT WITH FOCUS ON INTRODUCING AKSARA JAWA FOR STUDENT CLASS IV ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

The research was purpose to developing the interactive learning media on Javanese language subject with focus on introducing aksara Jawa, and also to know eligibility of this media on learning media javanese language subject with focus on introduction aksara Jawa. This research include in type of Research and Development. The step to process developing interactive media are 1) Analysis, 2) Design, 3) Developing, 4) Implementation, and 5) Testing. The testing was done by alpha testing, it is a validation by experts judgement who experts on media and experts on material, beta testing it is a testing by student. After alpha testing was done and the result of validation meet the eligibility criteria for interactive learning media. Then we can perform beta testing, it is testing to know eligibility of media when tested to the field. This research helds at Elementary School on Banaran, Galur, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta class IV and involving 59 students. Methods used to collect data is giving questionnaire, after that the data were analyzed with descriptive analysis technicque by change thedata ofthe average score into interval eligibility score. The result of this research was show that validation rating on developing interactive media from validator media experts is 4.19 on eligible category, then from validator material experts get score 4.56 in very elgible category, while score from students is 4.59 on very eligible category. Base on the data we can conclude that interactive learning media on Javanese language subject with focus on introducing aksara Jawa have been made with eligble to use in learning media for student class IV in Elementary school. Key : Development, interactive learning media, eligibilit

Development of nanocrystalline ironchromium alloy by means of sintering and ion implantation for interconnect application in high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells

This research is aimed to develop the nanocrystalline iron-chromium (FeCr) alloys by two different sintering methods, spark plasma sintering (SPS) and hot pressing (HP). The sintering temperatures in SPS are designed at 800 and 900 o C; meanwhile o in HP at 1000 C. The lower sintering temperature in SPS than HP was carried out in order to obtain the relatively similar in theoretical density of alloy with a minimum grain growth. The alloy has a potential application as interconnector in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The beneficial effect of the reactive element by means of lanthanum (La) into the alloys surface which is introduced using ion implantation is also evaluated. The study focused on the properties, including thermal expansion, oxidation behaviour and electrical resistance of the surface oxide scales. Oxidation testing was conducted at 900-1100 o C for 100 h in laboratory air. Characterizations by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were carried out before and after each route or process to investigate the microstructure, phase change, and formation of the oxide layer. The specific aspects studied were the effects of nanocrystalline structures, which influenced by the sintering method; and surface treatment through La ion implantation of chromia-forming alloys may improve their high thermal stability. The commercially available ferritic steel is chosen as the comparison with other high-Cr ferritic model alloys. The results revealed that the FeCr alloy prepared by SPS, to be more effective to retain nanocrystalline and better properties than those prepared by HP and commercially available ferritic steel. For all types of materials, the presence of La had no detectable effect on thermal expansion but a major effect on oxide scale adherence. The results consistently showed that better reduction in electrical resistance corresponds with excellent oxidation resistance of the alloy. The performance of FeCr alloy sintered by SPS and implanted by La exhibited the lowest oxidation and electrical resistance of the oxide scale

PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING LEARNING (CTL) TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR KERJA BANGKU DI SMK N 1 SEYEGAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui prestasi hasil belajar pada pembelajaran kerja bangku dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran konvensional dan pembelajaran CTL di SMK N 1 Seyegan, (2) mengetahui perbedaan prestasi hasil belajar kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen dengan pembelajaran CTL pada pembelajaran kerja bangku. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan metode penelitian experiment yang pelaksanaannya menggunakan jenis quasi experiment dengan desain nonequivalent control group design. Penelitian dilakukan di SMK N 1 Seyegan dengan melibatkan 2 kelas. Kelas TFL 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen mengalami perlakuan dengan menggunakan pembelajaran CTL dalam kegiatan belajar mengajarnya, sedangkan kelas TFL 2 sebagai kelas kontrol tetap menggunakan strategi pembelajaran konvensional dalam kegiatan belajar mengajarnya. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari pretest dan postest, instrument yang digunakan berupa soal pilihan ganda dan lembar observasi keaktifan siswa yang telah divalidasi oleh dosen ahli dan diuji reabilitasnya. Analisis data menggunakan uji T untuk mengetahui perbedaan atau peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa . Hasil belajar pada kelas kontrol yang menggunakan strategi pembelajaran konvensional memperoleh hasil kurang memuaskan. Hasil belajar tersebut dapat ditunjukkan dengan perolehan nilai rata-rata kelas 75,2. Hasil belajar pada kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan pembelajaran CTL memperoleh hasil lebih baik. Hasil belajar tersebut dapat ditunjukkan dengan perolehan nilai rata-rata kelas 81. Nilai terbanyak yang diperoleh adalah pada nilai 86. Nilai tengah dari data tersebut adalah pada nilai 83. Nilai tertinggi 94, sedangkan nilai terendahnya 60. Perhitungan yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji t independent sample test menunjukkan bahwa ttabel < thitung (1,67 < 4,64). Dengan demikian, dapat diputuskan bahwa hasil belajar menggunakan model CTL lebih tinggi daripada hasil belajar menggunakan metode konvensional

Metabolism of Social System: N-Person Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma Analysis In Random Boolean Network

Random Boolean Network has been used to find out regulation patterns of genes in organism. This approach is very interesting to use in a game such as N-Person Prisoner’s Dilemma. Here we assume that agent’s action is influenced by input in the form of choices of cooperate or defect she accepted from other agent or group of agents in the system. Number of cooperators, pay-off value received by each agent, and average value of the group, are observed in every state, from initial state chosen until it reaches its state-cycle attractor. In simulation performed here, we gain information that a system with large number agents based on action on input K equals to two, will reach equilibrium and stable condition over strategies taken out by its agents faster than higher input, that is K equals to three. Equilibrium reached in longer interval, yet it is stable over strategies carried out by agents

Bird’s Eye View to Indonesian Mass Conflict: Revisiting the Fact of Self-Organized Criticality

The paper statistically observed the recorded data of the series of social clashes and violence in Ambon, Indonesia in the period of social conflict between 1999-2004. The scaling laws are revealed and the power-law fitting procedures and analysis are conducted. The results also reviewed some findings in wars among countries in the worlds now well known as Richardson’s Law. The paper also discussed the plausible explanations in the sense of possible underlying process of the famous self-organized criticality by reviewing the classic forest fire model. Some further sociological explorations in the sense of computational and agent-based model approaches are also conjectured

The Dynamics of Political Parties’ Coalition in Indonesia:\ud The evaluation of political party elites’ opinion

During the Indonesian president election process, the coalition of parties could be shown as the dominant process beside the president campaign. The coalition could be regarded as the emergence of the parties’ preferential coherence based upon the interest and attributes of each party. The similarity and difference of parties’ preference and attributes could be depicted through of party elites’ opinions and attitude toward flowered political issues. In this paper, we use the Heider’s balance theory to construct relation network among parties by using the longitudinal news data of the party elite’s opinion that published by the media, and then analyze the dynamic of coalition formation in the Indonesian political system during the election process. We have shown that the balance of the party’s relational network move toward the larger balance index relative to the initial condition. This phenomenon has verified the structural balance hypothesis especially for the conflict situation such as the election process. Interestingly, the balance of the system is fluctuated dynamically through time following certain trajectory. This dynamics is divided into 3 phases, that is, disorder state, conflict state, and order state, as well as signed the difference of party behavior before and after the legislative election. Moreover, we also analyzed the stability two parties’ relation in particular period in order to understand specifically the dynamic of the system in triadic level

Resolving neutrino mass hierarchy from supernova (anti)neutrino-nucleus reactions

We introduce a hybrid method to determine neutrino mass hierarchy by simultaneous measurements of detector responses induced by antineutrino and neutrino fluxes from accretion and cooling phase of type II supernova. The (anti)neutrino-nucleus cross sections for $^{12}$C, $^{16}$O, $^{56}$Fe and $^{208}$Pb are calculated in the framework of relativistic nuclear energy density functional and weak Hamiltonian, while the cross sections for inelastic scattering on free protons, $p(\bar{\nu}_{e},e^{+})n$, are obtained using heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory. The simulations of (anti)neutrino fluxes emitted from a protoneutron star in a core-collapse supernova include collective and Mickheev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effects inside star. The emission rates of elementary decay modes of daughter nuclei are calculated for normal and inverted neutrino mass hierarchy. It is shown that simultaneous use of (anti)neutrino detectors with different target material and time dependence of the signal allow to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy from the ratios of $\nu_e /$ $\bar{\nu}_e$ induced particle emissions. The hybrid method favors detectors with heavier target nuclei ($^{208}$Pb) for the neutrino sector, while for antineutrinos the use of free protons and light nuclei ($\text{H}_2\text{O}$ or $\text{-CH}_2\text{-}$) represent appropriate choice.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl