A COMPARISON OF THE REY AUDITORY-VERBAL LEARNING TEST AND THE WECHSLER SCALES

The present study was designed to determine the correlation between a commonly used cognitive ability test (i.e., Wechsler) and a verbal memory test (i.e., Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test) by analyzing archival data from a clinical sample of adults. Many researchers have continued to establish the relationship between cognitive ability, or IQ, and learning and memory skills; however, there is little research regarding when differences between IQ and memory scores are statistically significant. Results of this study indicated 17 of 20 IQ index/memory correlations were statistically significant and a series of simple regressions generated standardized residuals. These residuals generated confidence bands that can permit practitioners to interpret when differences between IQ and memory scores are uncommon and, therefore, meaningful. Implications and suggestions for future research are provided

Holistic approaches in counseling

The concept of holism has several meanings according to this review of the literature; the origination and evolution is complex. The definitions and context of holism in counseling are specified. Moreover, the elements and models based in holism are examined. Finally, the areas in which holistic based counseling occurs are outlined and investigated

Efficacy and toxicity of dl-methionine and methionine hydroxy analogue as urinary acidifiers in cats

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2189880

Canine Insulinoma (A Case Report)

Canine Insulinoma is a disease of old dogs which results from a functional neoplasm involving the beta cells of the islets of Langherhans of the pancreas. These are the same cells that are involved in diabetes mellitus where insulin production is decreased instead of increased. The insulinoma dog is usually admitted with signs of weakness, ataxia, restlessness, ravenous appetite, and convulsions

Response of the Sponge Microbiome to Nutrient Additions

Marine sponges are known to host large and diverse microbial communities, with the composition of these communities remaining fairly stable across large spatial and temporal scales. Sponges inhabiting the coast of Oregon, USA host bacteria capable of numerous nitrogen transformations, so it is hypothesized that the bacterial community would change as ambient nutrient conditions change. To test this hypothesis, we placed nutrient addition devices (NAD) at Netarts Bay, Oregon for six weeks to increase the nutrient load. We assessed bacterial abundance and diversity within individuals of Haliclona sp. A, the dominant sponge at the site, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and microbiome analysis using illumina sequencing. We also collected ambient and exhalent water samples to assess the nutrient fluxes through the sponge. SEM results suggest that treated individuals had significant declines in their bacterial loads. DGGE and microbiome analysis confirm these decreases in bacterial load and show decreases in bacterial diversity. In addition, we found significant changes in nitrate and total nitrogen fluxes between control and NAD treated sponges, suggesting that bacterially-mediated nitrogen cycling was significantly modified by the nutrient addition. Thus, increased nutrient loads appear to detrimentally affect sponges and their associated microbial communities