Modelling water temperature in TOXSWA

A reasonably accurate estimate of the water temperature is necessary for a good description of the degradation of plant protection products in water which is used in the surface water model TOXSWA. Based on a consideration of basic physical processes that describe the influence of weather on the energy balance of natural water bodies, we propose to extend TOXSWA with a 1D bulk approach to estimate water temperature. Evaluation of such a system confirmed that it is physically realistic and yet simple, with limited data requirements. It is expected to perform reasonably well in most conditions, and fits well into the present structure of the TOXSWA model. In particular the estimation of degradation rates in shallow and turbid water will benefit from introducing the proposed system

Development of the TOXSWA model for predicting the behaviour of pesticides in surface water; proceedings of a workshop, held on November 8, 1994 at Wageningen, The Netherlands

In an international workshop the state of the art of the aquatic fate model TOXSWA was presented. This report gives an account of the presentations and discussions of the workshop. Model concepts of TOXSWA are explained and preliminary results of the sensitivity analysis are given. Next, the TOXSWA model is compared with the existing SLOOT.BOX model. The leaching model TRANSOL and the spray drift model IDEFICS are presented. They describe two possible entry routes and can be used to generate input data for TOXSWA. Finally, future applications of the TOXSWA model are discussed

Atmosferische depositie van gewasbeschermingsmiddelen : een verkenning van de literatuur verschenen na 2003

In deze verkenning wordt een inventarisatie gegeven van literatuur over atmosferische depositie die na 2003 is verschenen. Er wordt getracht inzicht te krijgen in hoeverre er sprake is van een kwantitatief verband tussen het landbouwkundig gebruik van gewasbeschermingsmiddelen en hun depositie op middenlange afstand, en of atmosferische depositie van belang is voor risico’s voor waterleven (en indien mogelijk: bodemleven) in natuurgebieden. Een groot deel van de studies is uitgevoerd in Canada en de Verenigde Staten van Amerika, maar ook in Aziatische landen werd in deze periode onderzoek naar atmosferische depositie verricht. Binnen Europa blijken vooral in Duitsland en Frankrijk groepen actief. Er werden slechts drie rapportages gevonden die metingen in Nederland beschrijven

Reductie van de belasting van oppervlaktewater met gewasbeschermingsmiddelen in het stroomgebied van de Drentsche Aa door driftbeperkende maatregelen

Op basis van modelberekeningen is voor het stroomgebied van de Drentsche Aa nagegaan in hoeverre de invoering van emissiereducerende maatregelen leidt tot vermindering van de driftbelasting van oppervlaktewater met gewasbeschermingsmiddelen. Hierbij zijn de effecten van maatregelen in het kader van het (bodem)beschermingsbeleid alsook van maatregelen in het kader van het Lozingenbesluit Open Teelten en Veehouderij berekend. De (bodem)beschermingsmaatregelen leiden tot een vermindering van de driftbelasting van schouwsloten en hoofdwaterlopen met gemiddeld 46%. Naleving van het Lozingenbesluit leidt tot een reductie van de driftbelasting van kavelsloten met 54%. Voor het stroomgebied van de Drentsche Aa als geheel vermindert de driftbelasting van oppervlaktewater met gewasbeschermingsmiddelen als gevolg van genoemde emissiereducerende maatregelen met 52

Survival of a genetically engineered Pseudomonas putida strain in soil and its potential to conjugatively transfer genes to indigenous soil bacteria

Non-Peer ReviewedThere is an interest in releasing genetically engineered bacteria into the environment as biofertilizers, biological control agents or to remediate contaminated soil. However, there is little information available on the factors affecting the persistence of genetically engineered bacteria or their potential to transfer genes to indigenous soil microorganisms. This study assessed the survival of a genetically engineered Pseudomonas putida strain CR30RNS (pADPTel) in bulk and rhizosphere soil and its ability to transfer genes for atrazine degradation and tellurite resistance to indigenous soil bacteria. The P. putida strain survived for ten weeks in bulk and rhizosphere soil at approximately 106 cfu per g soil. After the plants were harvested, the population of the P. putida strain declined to undetectable levels. However, upon the addition of water and a nutrient solution containing atrazine, the P. putida CR30RNS (pADPTel) population in the rhizosphere soil rebounded to a density of ca. 105 cfu per g soil while the population in bulk soil remained undetectable. The frequency of conjugative gene transfer to indigenous soil bacteria was assessed under laboratory conditions by the use of filter matings. Under optimal conditions a range of 1-10-2 transconjugants per recipient was observed. Recipient bacteria were identified by FAME analysis as Rahnella aquatilis strains. The results indicate that the genetically engineered bacteria survived better in the rhizosphere of canola than in bulk soil, and had the potential to transfer genes to indigenous soil bacteria

El modelo de consenso sobre el Sistema de Certificación en Docencia en Educación Superior en Holanda: un fenómeno típicamente holandés

[EN] This article describes the process which led to the introduction of a University Teaching Qualification (UTQ) at research universities in the Netherlands. Until 2008, the only requirements to get appointed as a lecturer at most Dutch research universities pertained to research competences. This changed in 2008 when all Dutch research universities signed the Mutual Agreement of University Teaching Qualification. In 2005 staff developers of six universities initiated a working group to support the idea of a mutual agreement of the UTQ. Their initiative was taken over by two Vice Chancellors but at that time there was no consensus between all the research universities. This changed by political pressure of the Ministry of Education and student unions. The Dutch UTQ is mandatory, but not by law. The UTQ Agreement describes the scheme that concerns the embedding of the UTQ certification procedures in the participating universities. The mutual recognition of the UTQ is an example of a typical Dutch phenomenon called the Polder Model a strategy of consensus based policy making and a pragmatic recognition of pluriformity.[ES] El artículo describe el proceso que condujo a la introducción de un título de enseñanza universitaria (UTQ) en las universidades de investigación en los Países Bajos. Hasta 2008, los únicos requisitos para ser profesor en la mayoría de las universidades de investigación holandeses se remitían a competencias en investigación. Esto cambió en 2008, cuando todas las universidades de investigación holandeses firmaron el Acuerdo Mutuo de la Universidad de Cualificación Docente. En 2005 los formadores de seis universidades iniciaron un grupo de trabajo para apoyar la idea de un acuerdo mutuo sobre la UTQ. Su iniciativa fue asumida por dos Rectores, sin que hubiera consenso entre todas las universidades de investigación. Esto cambió por la presión política de la Consejería de Educación y los sindicatos de estudiantes. Ahora el UTQ es obligatorio, pero no por la ley. El Acuerdo UTQ describe el esquema que se refiere a la incorporación de los procedimientos de certificación UTQ en las universidades participantes. El reconocimiento mutuo de la UTQ es un ejemplo de un típico fenómeno holandés, el modelo pólder, una estrategia basada en el consenso en la formulación de políticas y un reconocimiento pragmático de la pluriformidad.De Jong, R.; Mulder, J.; Deneer, P.; Van Keulen, H. (2013). Poldering a teaching qualification system in Higher Education in the Netherlands: a typical Dutch phenomenon. REDU. Revista de Docencia Universitaria. 11(3):23-40. https://doi.org/10.4995/redu.2013.5517OJS2340113Association of Universities in the Netherlands/ VSNU (2008). Mutual agreement on a national framework of a University Teaching Qualification System (Overeenkomst Wederzijdse erkenning Basiskwalificatie Onderwijs: BKO). The Hague.Board of the University of Groningen (2013). University of Groningen Critical Reflection 2013. GroningenGerritsen, R.J., Jong, R. de, & Alst, J. M. T. van (2004). Toetsen van docentcompetenties: professionaliseringsbeleid voor docenten. TH&MA, 2004(5), 53-61.Gibbs, G. (2005). NTFS Report on Utrecht University. Oxford: NTFS.Jong, R. de (2012). Teaching competencies: qualification frameworks and external audits. The Dutch example: how to unite uniformity and flexibility. Lecture presented at the annual RED-U meeting, 02-02-1012 Bilbao, Spain.Jong, R. de, & Keulen, H. van. (2007) De lange weg naar competente én gekwalificeerde docenten, Onderzoek van Onderwijs, 36/3, 44-47.Jong, R. de, Alst, J. van, Andernach, T., Baume, D., Diez, A., Keulen, H. van, Petegem, P. van (2010). International agreement on a Qualification for University Teaching, Let's make a start as experts in staff development. Workshop at the ICED Conference 2010, Barcelona, Spain.Jong, R. de, Andernach, T., Barendsen, E. & Mulder, J. (2011). Externe kwaliteitsborging BasisKwalificatie Onderwijs in de Praktijk, Een onderzoek naar een bruikbaar auditsysteem'. The Hague: SoFoKles.Keesen, F., Wubbels, T., Tartwijk, J. van, & Bouhuijs, P. A. J. (1996). Preparing university teachers in The Netherlands: Issues and trends. International Journal for Academic Development, 1(2), 8-16.Keulen, J.van, Alst, J. van, Jong, R. de, & Halma, A. (2006). Towards a national system of teaching qualifications in higher education in the Netherlands. Paper presented at the ICED Conference 2006, Sheffield, EnglandKeulen, H. van, Jong, R de, Deneer, P. (2008). Characteristics of successful faculty development programs. Paper presented at the ICED Conference 2008, Salt Lake City, USA.Kranenburg, M. (1999), The political branch of the polder model, The economist (May 2002) ModelmakersMulder, J.A., Jong, R. A.H. de & Andernach, J.A. (2012). University Teaching Qualification: Quality assurance via external audits in the Netherlands. Paper presented at the 2012 ICED conference, Bangkok, Thailand

Selected online resources

The following list is intended to provide a useful selection of websites and online resources notable for the institutions they represent, the links they provide, or the content they offer. The choice of institutions and initiatives, and of the categories in which they are presented, is necessarily subjective. Professional Associations – CODARTwww.codart.nl (in English)CODART is a vibrant international network involving more than 500 curators of Dutch and Flemish painting, whose goal is to pr..