Psychological determinants of psychosocial transition planning : a dispositional approach

L’adaptation aux transitions psychosociales dépend essentiellement de la planification de ces phases. Cependant, de nombreux individus ne planifient pas, s’exposant à des troubles psychologiques post-transitionnels. Ce travail doctoral s’intéresse, par conséquent, aux mécanismes sous-tendant la planification des transitions psychosociales et tente ainsi d’expliquer les différences interindividuelles en termes de planification. Plus précisément, nous soutenons la thèse selon laquelle les variables dispositionnelles déterminent les processus explicatifs de la planification des transitions psychosociales. Bien que les traits de personnalité soient liés aux réactions et à l’adaptation aux transitions psychosociales, la littérature n’évalue pas ou peu le rôle de la personnalité dans les processus de planification. En se basant la Théorie du Comportement planifié (Ajzen, 1991), le modèle de Beehr (1986), la Théorie Sociocognitive des Carrières (Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 1994) et le modèle en cinq facteurs de la personnalité (Digman, 1990), ce travail a pour objectif d’identifier les variables dipositionnelles en tant que les facteurs explicatifs de la planification des transitions psychosociales. Il atteste que les variables sociocognitives contribuent à la planification de l’arrêt de la carrière sportive de haut niveau (étude 1). Les traits de personnalité influencent l’âge planifié de départ à la retraite professionnelle (étude 2). De plus, le Caractère Consciencieux contribue à la planification de la carrière professionnelle future des athlètes de haut niveau actifs (étude 3). Enfin, les traits de personnalité prédisent la planification de la carrière future parmi les étudiants de première année de Licence (étude 4). Ce projet permet donc de mettre en évidence la personnalité en tant que déterminant de la planification des transitions psychosociales et apporte, par conséquent, des éléments de compréhension des différences interindividuelles de planification des transitions psychosociales. Finalement, ce travail doctoral atteste de la nécessité d’individualiser la prise en charge afin de mieux préparer les individus en vue de la transition.Post-transitional adaptation depends on transition planning. However, many people do not plan ahead, exposing themselves to psychological distress following the transition. Thus, this doctoral project thus focuses on mechanisms underlying transition planning and attempts to explain individual differences in terms of planning. More precisely, we support the thesis that dispositional variables determine the processes that explain transition planning. Although personality traits are linked to reactions and adaptation to transition, research evaluating the role of personality in transition planning is lacking. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991), Beehr’model (1986), the Social Cognitive Career Theory (Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 1994) and the Five Factor Model (Digman, 1990), this doctoral project aims to identify personality factors explaining psychosocial transition planning. It demonstrates that sociocognitive variables contribute to retirement planning from elite sport (study 1). Personality traits influence the planned retirement age from work (study 2). In addition, conscientiousness contributes to career planning among elite athletes through career goals and self-efficacy (study 3). Finally, personality traits predict career planning amongst students (study 4). Overall, this project contributes to highlighting personality traits as determinants of sociocognitive mechanisms of transition planning and further provides a better understanding of processes underlying individual differences in psychosocial transition planning. Finally this doctoral project demonstrates the need to individualize support to better assist individuals in transition preparation

A Database of Full Body Virtual Interactions Annotated with Expressivity Scores

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Les determinants psychologiques de la planification des transitions psychosociales (vers une approche dispositionnelle)

L adaptation aux transitions psychosociales dépend essentiellement de la planification de ces phases. Cependant, de nombreux individus ne planifient pas, s exposant à des troubles psychologiques post-transitionnels. Ce travail doctoral s intéresse, par conséquent, aux mécanismes sous-tendant la planification des transitions psychosociales et tente ainsi d expliquer les différences interindividuelles en termes de planification. Plus précisément, nous soutenons la thèse selon laquelle les variables dispositionnelles déterminent les processus explicatifs de la planification des transitions psychosociales. Bien que les traits de personnalité soient liés aux réactions et à l adaptation aux transitions psychosociales, la littérature n évalue pas ou peu le rôle de la personnalité dans les processus de planification. En se basant la Théorie du Comportement planifié (Ajzen, 1991), le modèle de Beehr (1986), la Théorie Sociocognitive des Carrières (Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 1994) et le modèle en cinq facteurs de la personnalité (Digman, 1990), ce travail a pour objectif d identifier les variables dipositionnelles en tant que les facteurs explicatifs de la planification des transitions psychosociales. Il atteste que les variables sociocognitives contribuent à la planification de l arrêt de la carrière sportive de haut niveau (étude 1). Les traits de personnalité influencent l âge planifié de départ à la retraite professionnelle (étude 2). De plus, le Caractère Consciencieux contribue à la planification de la carrière professionnelle future des athlètes de haut niveau actifs (étude 3). Enfin, les traits de personnalité prédisent la planification de la carrière future parmi les étudiants de première année de Licence (étude 4). Ce projet permet donc de mettre en évidence la personnalité en tant que déterminant de la planification des transitions psychosociales et apporte, par conséquent, des éléments de compréhension des différences interindividuelles de planification des transitions psychosociales. Finalement, ce travail doctoral atteste de la nécessité d individualiser la prise en charge afin de mieux préparer les individus en vue de la transition.Post-transitional adaptation depends on transition planning. However, many people do not plan ahead, exposing themselves to psychological distress following the transition. Thus, this doctoral project thus focuses on mechanisms underlying transition planning and attempts to explain individual differences in terms of planning. More precisely, we support the thesis that dispositional variables determine the processes that explain transition planning. Although personality traits are linked to reactions and adaptation to transition, research evaluating the role of personality in transition planning is lacking. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991), Beehr model (1986), the Social Cognitive Career Theory (Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 1994) and the Five Factor Model (Digman, 1990), this doctoral project aims to identify personality factors explaining psychosocial transition planning. It demonstrates that sociocognitive variables contribute to retirement planning from elite sport (study 1). Personality traits influence the planned retirement age from work (study 2). In addition, conscientiousness contributes to career planning among elite athletes through career goals and self-efficacy (study 3). Finally, personality traits predict career planning amongst students (study 4). Overall, this project contributes to highlighting personality traits as determinants of sociocognitive mechanisms of transition planning and further provides a better understanding of processes underlying individual differences in psychosocial transition planning. Finally this doctoral project demonstrates the need to individualize support to better assist individuals in transition preparation.PARIS11-SCD-Bib. électronique (914719901) / SudocSudocFranceF

Psychological Predictors of Career Planning among Active Elite Athletes: An Application of the Social Cognitive Career Theory

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État des lieux des techniques d’intervention pour l’entraînement des habiletés sociales de travailleurs présentant un trouble neurodéveloppemental

International audienceObjectivesPeople with disabilities and neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autistic people, often face unemployment or underemployment. This can be partly explained by their difficulties in social situations and in particular in the use of social skills. Obtaining and keeping a job has an important influence on the quality of life of individuals, which is why it is necessary to look at the possibilities of training these social skills.MethodsThe objective of this review is to examine the different methods of social skills training and to take into account the rise of new technologies in this type of intervention.ResultsThere are different methods to train social skills such as social stories, social scripts or video modeling. Some of these methods can be adapted specifically to the work environment. The development of new technologies represents a real opportunity by proposing more personalised and accessible interventions in people's daily lives, for example, through the use of digital tools such as tablets or virtual reality.ConclusionHelping people with disabilities find and keep a job is an important societal issue. The characteristics of the work environment increase the specific challenges of people with neurodevelopmental disorders in the sphere of social interactions. Providing social skills training to workers with disabilities is important to facilitate their integration. The use of new technologies can help to personalise even more the care of these people

Training work-related social skills in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder using a tablet-based intervention

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Impact of elicited mood on movement expressivity during a fitness task.

International audienceThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of four mood conditions (control, positive, negative, aroused) on movement expressivity during a fitness task. Motion capture data from twenty individuals were recorded as they performed a predefined motion sequence. Moods were elicited using task-specific scenarii to keep a valid context. Movement qualities inspired by Effort-Shape framework (Laban & Ullmann, 1971) were computed (i.e., Impulsiveness, Energy, Directness, Jerkiness and Expansiveness). A reduced number of computed features from each movement quality was selected via Principal Component Analyses. Analyses of variance and Generalized Linear Mixed Models were used to identify movement characteristics discriminating the four mood conditions. The aroused mood condition was strongly associated with increased mean Energy compared to the three other conditions. The positive and negative mood conditions showed more subtle differences interpreted as a result of their moderate activation level. Positive mood was associated with more impulsive movements and negative mood was associated with more tense movements (i.e., reduced variability and increased Jerkiness). Findings evidence the key role of movement qualities in capturing motion signatures of moods and highlight the importance of task context in their interpretations

The INGREDIBLE Database: A First Step Toward Dynamic Coupling in Human-Virtual Agent Body Interaction

International audienceThis paper presents the ANR Ingredible Project and the collection of a database of dyadic bodily expressive interactions

Perception of emotion and personality through full-body movement qualities: A sport coach case study

International audienceVirtual sport coaches guide users through their physical activity and provide motivational support. Users� motivation can rapidly decay if the movements of the virtual coach are too stereotyped. Kinematics patterns generated while performing a predefined fitness movement can elicit and help to prolong users� interaction and interest in training. Human body kinematics has been shown to convey various social attributes such as gender, identity and acted emotions. To date, no study provides information regarding how spontaneous emotions and personality traits together are perceived from full-body movements. In this paper, we study how people make reliable inferences regarding spontaneous emotional dimensions and personality traits of human coaches from kinematic patterns they produced when performing a fitness sequence. Movements were presented to participants via a virtual mannequin to isolate the influence of kinematics on perception. Kinematic patterns of biological movement were analyzed in terms of movement qualities according to the effort-shape (Dell 1977) notation proposed by Laban (1950). Three studies were performed to provide an analysis of the process leading to perception: from coaches� states and traits through bodily movements to observers� social perception. Thirty-two participants (i.e., observers) were asked to rate the movements of the virtual mannequin in terms of conveyed emotion dimensions, personality traits (five-factor model of personality) and perceived movement qualities (effort-shape) from 56 fitness movement sequences. The results showed high reliability for most of the evaluated dimensions, confirming inter-observer agreement from kinematics at zero acquaintance. A large expressive halo merging emotional (e.g., perceived intensity) and personality aspects (e.g., extraversion) was found, driven by perceived kinematic impulsivity and energy. Observers� perceptions were partially accurate for emotion dimensions and were not accurate for personality traits. Together, these results contribute to both the understanding of dimensions of social perception through movement, but also to the design of expressive virtual sport coaches