Effects of serum leptin and resistin levels on cancer cachexia in patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer

Intr oducti on: Cancer cachexia is one of the most frequent effects of malignancy, is often associated with poor prognosis, and may account for up to 20% of cancer deaths. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship of cancer cachexia and serum levels of resistin and leptin in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Met hods: A total of 67 chemotherapy-naïve patients with advanced-stage non-small cell cancer and a control group containing 20 healthy individuals without a known chronic disease were enrolled in this study. All individuals in the control group were age and sex matched. Demographic, anthropometric, laboratory data and serum levels of adipokines were measured for 2 groups. Progression-free survival and overall survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Survival among various factors was calculated using the log-rank test. Res ults : Patients presented significantly higher serum resistin (P =.0001) and lower serum leptin levels (P =.025) than the control group. Lower serum levels of leptin were correlated with overall survival (P =.011). Concl usi ons : Serum leptin and resistin levels play key role as proinflammatory cytokines in lung cancer and cancer cachexia; however, their use as diagnostic or prognostic markers is not possible yet, and further large-scale studies are required to confirm our findings. © The Author(s) 2017

Occurrence of an intrathoracic desmoid tumor following breast cancer treatment: A case report

Desmoid tumors are rarely observed tumors that develop from deep muscle and aponeurotic tissues. They are histologically intermediate, and exhibit a local aggressive course. These tumors have been observed in the abdominal region, and are rarely encountered in the thoracic wall. The most effective treatment appears to be surgery. A 59-year-old female patient was admitted with the complaint of right breast pain and a palpable mass. The patient had undergone a modified radical mastectomy surgical procedure of the right breast due to invasive breast carcinoma 10 years before. A mass with a soft tissue density and a size of 44x22 mm was detected in the thoracic computed tomography of the patient, which subsequently resulted in biopsy followed by surgery. As a result of the pathological examination of the mass, the diagnosis was determined as desmoid tumor. Due to the closeness of the tumor to the surgical margin, the patient was administered radiotherapy and maintenance imatinib treatment was started

The relation of CD3, CD4, CD8 and PD-1 expression with tumor type and prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancers

Objectives: Ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease, where chronic inflammation plays a key role in carcinogenesis. In this study, it is aimed to analyze the relationship with prognosis and chemotherapy response to clinicopathologicalnvariables in epithelial ovarian cancers such as proliferation of PD-1 +, CD8 +, CD4 +, CD3 + T-lymphocytes infiltrating the tumor and tumor stroma.Material and methods: Seventy-six cases diagnosed with primary epithelial ovarian tumor from biopsy or surgical resection materials were included in the study. Immunreactivity of CD3, CD4, CD8, PD1 was evaluated immunohistochemically in lymphocytes in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and stromal lymphocytes.Results: Seventeen (22.4%) of the cases were Type I, 59 (77.6%) of them were Type II ovarian carcinoma. PD-1 positivity was observed in stromal and intraepithelial lymphocytes in 22 (28.9%) of 76 cases. In the presence of PD-1 + T-lymphocytes that infiltrate tumor and stroma, disease-free survival are shorter (p = 0.037). The presence of stromal CD4 + and CD8 + T-lymphocytes was more common in late stage patients (p = 0.012, p = 0.036; respectively). The disease-free and overall survival rate was statistically significantly shorter in the presence of CD8 + T lymphocytes (p = 0.009, p = 0.003; respectively).Conclusions: CD3, CD4 and CD8 may contribute to PD-1 mediated tumor control. Anti PD-1 therapy may be an alternative to chemotherapy in PD-1 positive patients. Identifying patients who do not respond to chemotherapy through PD-1 expression prior to immunotherapy will help develop potential personalized immunotherapy

The relationship with quality of life and serum levels of adiponectin, resistin, leptin, ghrelin in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients

Malignensilerin en sık etkilerinden biri olan kanser kaşeksisi, kansere bağlı ölümlerin %20 sinden fazlasından sorumlu olabilir ve kötü prognozla ilişkilidir. Kanser kaşeksisi, artmış iskelet kası ve yağ dokusu kaybına sekonder kilo kaybı ve anoreksiyi içeren kompleks, multifaktöryel metabolik bir durumdur. Birçok sitokinin ve akut faz proteinlerinin bu katabolizmada rolü olmasına rağmen, kanser kaşeksi patogenezi henüz tam anlamıyla açıklanmamıştır. Serum adipokin düzeyleri kanser kaşeksisi ve yaşam kalitesi ile ilişkilidir fakat rolleri henüz kanıtlanmamıştır. Çalışmamızın amacı ileri evre küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanserli hastalarda kanser kaşeksisi, serum adiponektin, resistin, leptin, ghrelin düzeyi, beslenme durumu ve yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir. Altmış yedi hasta (62 erkek ve 5 kadın) ile 20 sağlıklı gönüllü (16 erkek ve 4 kadın) çalışmaya dahil edildi. İki grubta demografik, antropometrik,labaratuar verileri ve serum adipokin düzeyleri ölçüldü. Beslenme durumunu gösteren PG-SGA ve SF-36, EORTC-QLQ-C30, HAD yaşam kalitesi anketleri değerlendirildi. Hastaların kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksek serum resistin ve düşük serum leptin düzeyleri vardı. Kilo kaybı olan hastaların anlamlı olarak yüksek serum ghrelin ve düşük serum leptin düzeyleri vardı. Düşük serum ghrelin ve yüksek serum adiponektin düzeyleri yorgunluk ve ağrı ile ilişkiliydi. Yüksek serum resistin düzeylerine sahip olan hastaların yaşam kalitesi düşüktü. LDH, ferritin ve ghrelin yüksekliği progresyon ile ilişkiliydi. Leptin düşüklüğü sağkalım ile ilişkiliydi. Sonuç olarak adipokinlerin kanser kaşeksisinde ve yaşam kalitesindeki rolü gösterildi. Fakat adipokinlerin kanser kaşeksisindeki potansiyel rollerini ortaya koymak için birçok çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.Cancer cachexia is one of the most frequent effects of malignancy, is often associated with poor prognosis, and may account for up to 20% of cancer deaths. Cancer cachexia is a complex, multifactorial metabolic state, involving anorexia and decreasing body weight secondary to accelerated loss of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Pathogenesis of cancer cachexia is not clearly explained although several cytokines and acute phase proteins have some roles on this catabolism. Serum levels adipokines are strongly associated with cancer cachexia and the quality of life but their roles is not established yet. The aims of our study were to evaluate the relationship with cancer cachexia and serum levels of adiponectin, resistin, leptin, ghrelin and nutritional assesment and quality of life in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. Sixty seven patiens (62 male, 5 female) and twenty healhty (16 male, 4 female) volunteers were included in this study. Demographical, anthropometrical, laboratory data and serum levels of adipokines were mesured for two groups. PG-SGA for evaluation of nutrition and the questionnaire of quality of life like SF-36, EORTC QLQ-C30 and HAD were assessed. Patients presented significantly higher serum resistin (p=0.000) and lower serum leptin levels (p=0.025) than controls. Patients with weight loss presented significantly increased serum ghrelin (p=0.009) and decreased serum leptin levels (p=0.044) compared to patients without weight loss. Low serum ghrelin levels and high adiponectin serum levels were associated with fatigue and pain. Patients who had high serum resistin levels had low quality of life. High serum levels of LDH, ferritin and ghrelin were associated with disease progression. Low serum levels of leptin was associated with survival. In conclusion, the role of adipokines in cancer cachexia and quality of life is showed. But further studies are needed to determine its potential role in cancer cachexia

Bilateral renal infarctions complicating fibromuscular dysplasia of renal arteries in a young male

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is an uncommon disorder, accounting for less than 10% of cases of renal artery stenosis, and typically presenting with hypertension in young women. This article reportsthe case of a previously healthy 37-year-old man presenting with acute-onset, severe, bilateral flank pain. Initially treated for ureteral colic and urinary tract infection, he was transferred to the nephrology clinic upon recognition of a rising serum creatinine. He was found to have FMD of bilateral renal arteries with a stenotic pattern on the right side and a dissecting aneurysm on the left side with resultant infarctions in both kidneys. On the basis of negative serological markers of vasculitis, a diagnosis of FMD complicated by bilateral renal infarctions was made. A stent was placed to the right stenotic renal artery, which resulted in sufficient lumen patency. No invasive procedure was performed on the other side owing to the complexity of the lesion. After 2.5 years of follow-up, the patient remained in good condition with normal renal function and adequate blood pressure control with dual antihypertensive therapy. Renal infarction complicating FMD of renal arteries is rare in the literature, with most of the cases having causative cardiovascular risk factors including coagulopathy, ischaemic heart disease, atrial fibrillationor structural cardiac abnormalities, none of which was present in this case. In conclusion, FMD may occur in atypical asymmetric presentations causing renal infarctions in both kidneys. Radiological interventions in such cases should focuson stabilizing renal lesions and renal function. © 2012 Informa Healthcare

Primary mesenchymal tumors of the colon: a report of three cases.

Primary mesenchymal tumors of the colon are extremely rare tumors among soft tissue sarcomas. These tumors are more aggressive and have poorer prognosis than adenocarcinoma of the colon. Here, we presented 3 cases of primary mesenchymal tumors of the colon. Their histopathological diagnoses are leiomyosarcoma, pleomorphic liposarcoma, and desmoplastic small round cell tumor, respectively. The rarity of primary mesenchymal tumors of the colon makes it difficult to approach the treatment and predict the prognosis of these rare tumors