Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Emmision in Asia: Effect of Population, Affluence and Energy Effeciency

This study was conducted to determine the effects of population, affluence and energy efficiency (the ratio of real GDP to commercial energy use) on the level of Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Asia from 1980 to 2004. It also sought to provide empirical evidence for the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in Asia. Results of the study showed that the level of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions increased by 265.20 percent from 1980 to 2004. CO2 emissions rose with increases in population and GDP per capita, and decreased with increasing energy efficiency. Results showed that 97 percent of the variation in the level of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emission could be explained by changes in population, GDP per capita and energy efficiency. Results also confirmed the existence of EKC in Asia, A monotonically upward trend in emissions with increasing income level was observed.Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Emissions; Energy Efficiency; Environmental Kuznets Curve

Factors Affecting the Magnitude of Poor Families Across the Philippines: A Cross Section Data Analysis

This study is conducted to determine the factors affecting magnitude of poor families in the Philippines and measure the effect of the variables presented. The model was estimated using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) procedure and cross sectional data set consisting of the 16 regions in the Philippines in the year 2000. The four variables that are found to have significant coefficients are gross regional domestic product (GRDP), functional literacy rate of the population 10-64 years old, number of persons with disabilities, and percentage of household with at least one land owned. Specifically, a peso increase in GRDP decreases the magnitude of poor families by 1 family. When the functional literacy rate increases by one percent decreases the number of poor families by 10,426 families. A unit increase in the number of persons with disability increases the number of poor families by around 4 families. While a percentage increase in the number of family with access to land by at least one land decreases the magnitude of poor families by 5,633 families. Result of the estimation shows that 81% of the variability of the magnitude of poor families in the Philippines can be explained by the predictors of the Model.OLS, Poverty, Factors of Poverty

The Way to Become a Man : The Influence of Commercial Sex on Male Psychosocial Development

Hegemonic masculinity and the negative consequences that it has on men and women continues to gain increasing attention in research and in popular culture. Particular attention is paid to the sexual violence that is perpetrated by men towards women, however, the research on men’s sexual development and its relationship to this sexual violence focuses largely on biological explanations. The feminist literature, however, on sexual violence offers a differing perspective, which includes the socialization processes that men undergo in their sexual development that lead them towards normalizing sexual violence. One of these processes is the existence and normalization of the commercial sex industry. This study interviewed 12 participants, eight via individual interviews and four in a focus group, to ascertain the relationship between men’s sexual development and their engagement with the commercial sex industry. The findings within this study suggested a strong link between men’s sexual development, pornography, prostitution, and fitting in with all-male peer groups. Commercial sex served as a vehicle for participants to express their masculine identities and bond with peers over sexual topics. Literature and exploration on hegemonic masculinity may benefit from further analysis on how men’s sexual development, including their enactment or understanding of sexual violence, is interwoven into their experiences of commercial sex. This dissertation is available in open access at AURA, http://aura.antioch.edu/ and Ohio Link ETD Center https://etd.ohiolink.edu/etd

Thermal APU/hydraulics analysis program. User's guide and programmer's manual

The User's Guide information plus program description necessary to run and have a general understanding of the Thermal APU/Hydraulics Analysis Program (TAHAP) is described. This information consists of general descriptions of the APU/hydraulic system and the TAHAP model, input and output data descriptions, and specific subroutine requirements. Deck setups and input data formats are included and other necessary and/or helpful information for using TAHAP is given. The math model descriptions for the driver program and each of its supporting subroutines are outlined

Multi-Use Facilities - Repurposing Facilities Infrastructure to Support the Multi-customer Environment

Since the early 90’s the space launch business has undergone significant change in customers, composition, capacity, and key players. These changes have a resultant effect upon the spaceport industry. Some spaceports, in their current state, may not survive the probable future market and business environment. To stay in the game, spaceports are reexamining their target launch vehicles, services, and operations philosophy. One of the strategies being developed to accommodate current and future changes is to repurpose facilities to support multiple customers. The new vision is that multiple commercial, as well as government entities, having multiple spacecraft and launch vehicle configurations will all operate within or upon one multi-purpose facility – including launch pads. One of the challenges is to develop capability for the “first to market” vehicles without increasing price or risk to future users. This presentation will provide the considerations involved in developing facility infrastructure to support the multi-customer environment

The origin of a novel gene through overprinting in Escherichia coli

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Overlapped genes originate by a) loss of a stop codon among contiguous genes coded in different frames; b) shift to an upstream initiation codon of one of the contiguous genes; or c) by overprinting, whereby a novel open reading frame originates through point mutation inside an existing gene. Although overlapped genes are common in viruses, it is not clear whether overprinting has led to new genes in prokaryotes.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here we report the origin of a new gene through overprinting in <it>Escherichia coli </it>K12. The <it>htgA </it>gene coding for a positive regulator of the sigma 32 heat shock promoter arose by point mutation in a 123/213 phase within an open reading frame (<it>yaaW</it>) of unknown function, most likely in the lineage leading to <it>E. coli </it>and <it>Shigella sp</it>. Further, we show that <it>yaaW </it>sequences coding for <it>htgA </it>genes have a slower evolutionary rate than those lacking an overlapped <it>htgA </it>gene.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>While overprinting has been shown to be rather frequent in the evolution of new genes in viruses, our results suggest that this mechanism has also contributed to the origin of a novel gene in a prokaryote. We propose the term <it>janolog </it>(from <it>Jano</it>, the two-faced Roman god) to describe the homology relationship that holds between two genes when one originated through overprinting of the other. One cannot dismiss the possibility that at least a small fraction of the large number of novel ORPhan genes detected in pan-genome and metagenomic studies arose by overprinting.</p

The Long-run Relationship among World Oil Price, Exchange Rate and Inflation in the Philippines

This study was conducted to determine the long-run relationship among world oil price (WOP), Philippine inflation rate (IR) and exchange rate (ER). Results of the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) tests of the variables revealed that all three series are not stationary in the process and were subjected to first differencing. ADF further revealed that the three series are integrated of order 1 or I(1). Therefore, vector error correction model (VECM) was used to examine the relationship of the three variables. VECM revealed a positive long-run relationship between IR and WOP, and IR and ER. A unit increase of the world oil price will increase Philippine inflation by 0.31%. While, a unit increase in exchange rate (PhP: USD) will increase inflation rate by 0.42%. In terms of ER, results revealed that an increase in the past values of WOP will increase ER. However, ER is not affected by the past values of IR. Result of the granger causality shows that all of the other variables jointly granger cause and individually granger cause inflation rate. Changes in ER cannot be predicted by joint and individual changes in the previous periods of WOP and IR

Integrating 3D and 2D computer generated imagery for the comics medium

Advances in 3D computer technology have led to aesthetic experimentation within the comics medium. Comic creators have produced comic books done entirely with 3D models that are then assembled digitally for the printed page. However, in using these 3D objects in a comic format, the creators have developed art styles that do not adhere to the paradigms established by this traditionally 2D medium. More successful results can be achieved by integrating 3D computer generated imagery with traditional 2D imagery, rather than replacing it. This thesis develops a method of combining rendered 3D models with 2D vector graphics to create a comic book art style that is consistent with the traditional medium, while still taking advantage of the new technology