Respectful Reuse of Digital Records of Practice

Records of practice in the field of education, often take the form of digital video of teachers and students engaged in learning. Understanding reuser opinions, particularly regarding respect for the teacher and student subjects of the videos, can facilitate data sharing while ensuring mitigation of harm to all involved in the lifecycle of digital records of practice.In this ongoing research project, Caswell and Cifor’s theoretical model for radical empathy in the archives is applied to qualitative data repositories in education and expanded to include additional relationships that arise. This updated framework argues that repository managers, like archivists, have responsibilities due to the affective nature of relationships between repository managers, data producers, data reusers, subjects, and communities. All parties ensure this responsibility when they handle data production, curation, and reuse with respect. This poster focuses on results related to data reuser attitudes regarding potential harms to data producers, data reusers, and subjects represented in the data. Findings suggest that reusers are concerned with potential reputational harm to the subjects in the data, and that these concerns affect their data sharing and data reuse practices. Respondent QDR_012 argued, “We don’t want to condemn our teachers like, ‘They are an example of bad teaching.’ So I think that is a risk.” Reusers of video data for the purposes of professional development and teacher training often discussed framing video records to reduce possible reputational harm to teachers in the videos

Quantifying the spatial distribution of intradiscal pressure and its assessment via non-invasive estimates of intervertebral disc degeneration

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is strongly associated with back pain, and affects approximately 60% of the population by age 70. Furthermore, it has been suggested that this degeneration may play an important role in the initiation or perpetuation of vertebral fractures. Given that the IVD is a primary load-bearing structure in the spine, the change of intradiscal pressure (IDP) over time that accompanies disc degeneration provides a functional measure of the disease pathology. Studies show that both an overall decrease in IDP magnitude and changes in the spatial distribution of IDP are found with increasing levels of degeneration. Thus, the overall goal of this study was to determine the correlation between the spatial distributions of IDP, as measured along both mid-sagittal and mid-coronal paths, and a clinically feasible assessment of disc health. Disc degeneration was assessed non-invasively using quantitative computed tomography (QCT). A custom, electro-mechanical device was designed, manufactured and assembled to measure IDP distributions. The results indicated that the spatial distribution of IDP was most homogenous for the nucleus pulposus (NP) region regardless of load type and disc health grade. Mean IDP tended to be lowest in severely degenerated discs, consistent with earlier findings that axial loads in spinal columns with degenerated IVDs shift from the disc to the neural arch in both flexural and erect postures

Community-Based Development of LGBTQ+ Health Information Resources

In this research project, we investigate the information practices of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) youth to understand how they attempt to meet their health information needs using online resources LGBTQ+ youth identify the internet as a vital resource for finding relevant health information because, due to fear and stigma, many cannot turn to traditional resources such as healthcare providers or schools for comprehensive health information. This research supports efforts of our community partners to address the unique health needs of LGBTQ+ youth. In addition to understanding the contextual factors impacting the health information search experience for LGBTQ+ youth, this research encourages youth participants to envision the content and capabilities of their ideal health information resources. In online synchronous focus groups, we use participatory design approaches to engage participants in collaborative design of online health resources, based on their past experiences seeking health information. Primary findings include website topic areas, layout, features, and audiences. In addition, through individual interviews, we focus on barriers to health information seeking and prompt participants to think specifically within an online search context. This research will contribute an empirical understanding of LGBTQ+ youths’ online health information practices as this population attempts to meet health information needs that often remain unmet due to systemic homophobia, transphobia and other factors limiting access. Results will directly inform our development of an LGBTQ+ inclusive web resource for our community partners and their youth advisory committees. By including LGBTQ+ youth in our community-based resource development process, we are enabling these participants to directly shape the content and functions of this forthcoming website

Search engines and the sex education information practices of LGBTQ+ youth

Online resources are vital to the health information practices of LGBTQ+ youth, especially when finding information related to sex education topics. As LGBTQ+ youth use the internet, particularly Google Search, to meet their sex and sexual health information needs, it is important to understand both the information practices related to this unique search experience and how the affordances of this particular search engine impact the information seeking process. The goal of this project is to study the online information practices of LGBTQ+ youth when searching for sex education information, specifically perceptions of and interactions with search engines. Using semi‐structured interviews, we ask LGBTQ+ youth to discuss their information practices related to sex education information and use Google Search to answer sample questions related to sex and sexual health. In this work in progress poster, we discuss our theoretical framing, methods, and preliminary results.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163483/2/pra2364_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163483/1/pra2364.pd

Large scale debris-flow hazard assessment: a geotechnical approach and GIS modelling

International audienceA deterministic distributed model has been developed for large-scale debris-flow hazard analysis in the basin of River Vezza (Tuscany Region ? Italy). This area (51.6 km 2 ) was affected by over 250 landslides. These were classified as debris/earth flow mainly involving the metamorphic geological formations outcropping in the area, triggered by the pluviometric event of 19 June 1996. In the last decades landslide hazard and risk analysis have been favoured by the development of GIS techniques permitting the generalisation, synthesis and modelling of stability conditions on a large scale investigation (>1:10 000). In this work, the main results derived by the application of a geotechnical model coupled with a hydrological model for the assessment of debris flows hazard analysis, are reported. This analysis has been developed starting by the following steps: landslide inventory map derived by aerial photo interpretation, direct field survey, generation of a database and digital maps, elaboration of a DTM and derived themes (i.e. slope angle map), definition of a superficial soil thickness map, geotechnical soil characterisation through implementation of a backanalysis on test slopes, laboratory test analysis, inference of the influence of precipitation, for distinct return times, on ponding time and pore pressure generation, implementation of a slope stability model (infinite slope model) and generalisation of the safety factor for estimated rainfall events with different return times. Such an approach has allowed the identification of potential source areas of debris flow triggering. This is used to detected precipitation events with estimated return time of 10, 50, 75 and 100 years. The model shows a dramatic decrease of safety conditions for the simulation when is related to a 75 years return time rainfall event. It corresponds to an estimated cumulated daily intensity of 280?330 mm. This value can be considered the hydrological triggering threshold for the whole Vezza basin

As Toadas de Macumba de Ernani Braga: uma proposta editorial

O presente trabalho apresenta informações obtidas através de uma pesquisa realizada sobre obras vocais do compositor Ernani Braga, com enfoque especial em suas toadas de macumba, com o objetivo de encontrar soluções editoriais para este repertório. O achado musicológico de canções extraviadas de Ernani Braga e sua preparação para performance e edição de um ciclo entitulado Toadas de Macumba aconteceu em abril de 2009 e fevereiro de 2010 durante viagem de pesquisa de mestrado à cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Ainda em Janeiro de 2018, durante viagem de pesquisa de doutorado à cidade de Recife, para pesquisar o acervo Ernani Braga sob custódia do Conservatório Pernambucano de Música e em Agosto de 2018, durante consulta ao acervo de Hermelindo Castelo Branco². Objetivando tornar conhecida e acessível sua obra para Canto/Piano decidimos não apenas catalogar mas realizar uma edição crítica com finalidade interpretativa, concatenando aspectos técnicos, musicológicos, biográficos, sociológicos e históricos. A comparação, classificação e cruzamento das fontes encontradas – bibliográficas, orais e sonoras – associadas com nossa prática de performance das canções, embasou nossas escolhas editorias atentando sempre para as referências histórico-culturais, biográficas e para o contexto político-social da época em que foram harmonizadas. Como intérpretes e editoras, a oportunidade e responsabilidade de edição destas canções é acima de tudo, um privilégio

Disproportionate Removals and Differing Content Moderation Experiences for Conservative, Transgender, and Black Social Media Users: Marginalization and Moderation Gray Areas

Social media sites use content moderation to attempt to cultivate safe spaces with accurate information for their users. However, content moderation decisions may not be applied equally for all types of users, and may lead to disproportionate censorship related to people’s genders, races, or political orientations. We conducted a mixed methods study involving qualitative and quantitative analysis of survey data to understand which types of social media users have content and accounts removed more frequently than others, what types of content and accounts are removed, and how content removed may differ between groups. We found that three groups of social media users in our dataset experienced content and account removals more often than others: political conservatives, transgender people, and Black people. However, the types of content removed from each group varied substantially. Conservative participants’ removed content included content that was offensive or allegedly so, misinformation, Covid-related, adult, or hate speech. Transgender participants’ content was often removed as adult despite following site guidelines, critical of a dominant group (e.g., men, white people), or specifically related to transgender or queer issues. Black participants’ removed content was frequently related to racial justice or racism. More broadly, conservative participants’ removals often involved harmful content removed according to site guidelines to create safe spaces with accurate information, while transgender and Black participants’ removals often involved content related to expressing their marginalized identities that was removed despite following site policies or fell into content moderation gray areas. We discuss potential ways forward to make content moderation more equitable for marginalized social media users, such as embracing and designing specifically for content moderation gray areas.National Science Foundation grant #1942125Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/169587/1/content_moderation_CSCW_2021_camera_ready.pdfDescription of content_moderation_CSCW_2021_camera_ready.pdf : Main articleSEL

A prompt diagnosis of late-onset congenital diaphragmatic hernia with Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) in a Pediatric Emergency Department.

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First diagnosis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): an analysis of PoCUS findings in the ED

Children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) tend to develop a clinical condition of fluid overload due both to contractile cardiac pump deficit and to endotheliitis with subsequent capillary leak syndrome. In this context, the ability of point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) to simultaneously explore multiple systems and detect polyserositis could promote adequate therapeutic management of fluid balance. We describe the PoCUS findings in a case-series of MIS-C patients admitted to the Emergency Department. At admission 10/11 patients showed satisfactory clinical condition without signs and symptoms suggestive for cardiovascular impairment/shock, but PoCUS showed pathological findings in 11/11 (100%). In particular, according to Rapid Ultrasound in SHock (RUSH) protocol, cardiac hypokinesis was detected in 5/11 (45%) and inferior vena cava dilatation in 3/11 (27%). Peritoneal fluid was reported in 6/11 cases (54%). Lung ultrasound (LUS) evaluation revealed an interstitial syndrome in 11/11 (100%), mainly localized in posterior basal lung segments. We suggest PoCUS as a useful tool in the first evaluation of children with suspected MIS-C for the initial therapeutic management and the following monitoring of possible cardiovascular deterioration

Feasibility of laparoscopy for small bowel obstruction

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Adherential pathology is the most common cause of small bowel obstruction. Laparoscopy in small bowel obstruction does not have a clear role yet; surely it doesn't always represent only a therapeutic act, but it is always a diagnostic act, which doesn't interfere with abdominal wall integrity.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We performed a review without any language restrictions considering international literature indexed from 1980 to 2007 in Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library. We analyzed the reference lists of the key manuscripts. We also added a review based on international non-indexed sources.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The feasibility of diagnostic laparoscopy is high (60–100%), while that of therapeutic laparoscopy is low (40–88%). The frequency of laparotomic conversions is variable ranging from 0 to 52%, depending on patient selection and surgical skill. The first cause of laparotomic conversion is a difficult exposition and treatment of band adhesions. The incidence of laparotomic conversions is major in patients with anterior peritoneal band adhesions. Other main causes for laparotomic conversion are the presence of bowel necrosis and accidental enterotomies. The predictive factors for successful laparoscopic adhesiolysis are: number of previous laparotomies ≤ 2, non-median previous laparotomy, appendectomy as previous surgical treatment causing adherences, unique band adhesion as phatogenetic mechanism of small bowel obstruction, early laparoscopic management within 24 hours from the onset of symptoms, no signs of peritonitis on physical examination, experience of the surgeon.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Laparoscopic adhesiolysis in small bowel obstruction is feasible but can be convenient only if performed by skilled surgeons in selected patients. The laparoscopic adhesiolysis for small bowel obstruction is satisfactorily carried out when early indicated in patients with a low number of laparotomies resulting in a short hospital stay and a lower postoperative morbidity. Although a higher small bowel obstruction recurrence remains the major postoperative risk of the laparoscopic management of these patients.</p