Investigation of the effects of selected medicinal plants on experimental thrombosis.

Six medicinal plants indigenous to Africa were evaluated for their activity on experimental thrombosis in mice. Of the plants screened, the extract of Commiphora molmol exhibited the strongest antithrombotic activity, while the extract of Ageratum conyzoides showed no marked activity. This study established the antithrombotic effect of the extracts of Azadiractha indica, Bridelia ferruginea, Commiphora molmol, Garcinia kola and Curcuma longa

Association Between Gait, Cognition, and Gray Matter Volumes in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Controls

none8siAims:To assess the correlation between cognitive functioning and 3 gait parameters (gait speed, cadence, and stride length) in persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and cognitively healthy controls and investigate linear correlations between gait and gray matter volumes.Materials and Methods:Participants were recruited at IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy (MCI=43; age-matched controls=43). Participants underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Gait speed, cadence, and stride length, were assessed with the BTS FREEMG 300 device. Three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted MR images were acquired using a 1.5 T Philips Achieva MRI system with a Turbo Field Echo sequence.Results:In MCI there was a positive correlation between gait speed and memory tests (P<0.05). In controls all 3 gait parameters correlated with executive functioning (P<0.01). Temporal and limbic areas (ie, superior temporal gyrus, thalamus and parahippocampal gyrus) were associated with gait parameters in MCI whereas in controls the associations were with frontal areas (ie, middle, inferior, and superior frontal gyrus) and in the cerebellum (anterior and posterior lobe).Conclusions:Our results highlight a distinct pattern of association between gray matter volume and gait parameters in MCI patients and controls (temporal areas in MCI and frontal areas in healthy elderly), suggesting a relationship between dementia-related pathology and gait dysfunction.noneCosentino E.; Palmer K.; Della Pieta C.; Mitolo M.; Meneghello F.; Levedianos G.; Iaia V.; Venneri A.Cosentino E.; Palmer K.; Della Pieta C.; Mitolo M.; Meneghello F.; Levedianos G.; Iaia V.; Venneri A

Weight gain during pregnancy in women with HIV receiving different antiretroviral regimens

109noBackground: No published studies have evaluated in pregnant women with HIV weight gain with different antiretroviral drug classes. Methods: Data from a national cohort study were used. We compared absolute weight gain and occurrence of excessive weight gain in women with HIV who received during pregnancy integrase inhibitors (INSTI), protease inhibitors (PI), or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI). Excessive weight gain was defined according to the Institute of Medicine recommendations. Possible predictors of weight gain were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Among 273 cases (PI: 191, NNRTI: 43, INSTI: 39), the mean weight increase was 11.3 kg, and 25.4% of the mothers had an excessive weight increase. No significant differences were found among the three treatment groups for absolute weight increase, occurrence of excessive weight gain, infant birthweight, and other pregnancy and laboratory outcomes. The comparisons of individual drugs, although based on a limited number of cases, suggested no major differences. A significant positive correlation was found between weight gain and CD4+ T-cell increase during pregnancy. In multivariate analyses, drug class and nucleoside backbone were not associated with absolute or excessive weight increase. Excessive weight increase was significantly associated with week of delivery (adjusted odds ratio: 1.74, 95% CI 1.15, 2.63), obesity (5.21, 95% CI 1.85, 14.64), overweight (7.95, 95% CI 3.26, 19.39), recent substance use (5.96, 95% CI 1.13, 31.40) and fasting 2nd trimester hyperglycaemia (3.94, 95% CI 1.14, 13.65). Conclusions: No significant differences in absolute weight change or occurrence of excessive weight gain were found among women with HIV who received during pregnancy different classes of antiretroviral drugs.nonenoneFloridia M.; Masuelli G.; Tassis B.; Franceschetti L.; Savasi V.M.; Spinillo A.; Tamburrini E.; Guaraldi G.; Dalzero S.; Sansone M.; Chiodo A.; Degli Antoni A.M.; Pinnetti C.; Liuzzi G.; Ravizza M.; Di Lorenzo F.; Sterrantino G.; Meli M.; Campolmi I.; Vichi F.; Del Pin B.; Marocco R.; Mastroianni C.; Mercurio V.S.; Zanaboni D.; Nardini G.; Stentarelli C.; Beghetto B.; Molinari A.; Crisalli M.P.; Donisi A.; Ruggieri A.; Piepoli M.; Cerri V.; Zuccotti G.; Giacomet V.; Paradiso L.; Forlanini F.; Longoni E.; Placido G.; Milini P.; Savalli F.; Portelli V.; Sabbatini F.; Francisci D.; Papalini C.; Bernini L.; Grossi P.; Rizzi L.; Maso G.; Bernardon M.; Bussolaro S.; della Pieta I.; Sorz A.; Meloni A.; Dedoni M.; Ortu F.; Piano P.; Citernesi A.; Vicini I.B.; Luzi K.; Roccio M.; Vimercati A.; Calabretti D.; Gigante S.; Guerra B.; Cervi F.; Simonazzi G.; Margarito E.; Capretti M.G.; Marsico C.; Faldella G.; Martinelli P.; Agangi A.; Capone A.; Maruotti G.M.; Tibaldi C.; Trentini L.; Todros T.; Frisina V.; Cardellicchio E.; Giaquinto C.; Fiscon M.; Rubino E.; Badolato R.; Forleo M.A.; Ruggiero M.; Genovese O.; Cafforio C.; Casadei A.M.; Cavaliere A.F.; Cellini M.; Marconi A.M.; Ierardi M.; Simonetti S.C.; Alfieri N.; Agrati S.; Polizzi C.; Mattei A.; Pirillo M.F.; Amici R.; Galluzzo C.M.; Donnini S.; Baroncelli S.; Cerioli A.; de Martino M.; Parazzini F.; Vella S.; Martinelli P.Floridia, M.; Masuelli, G.; Tassis, B.; Franceschetti, L.; Savasi, V. M.; Spinillo, A.; Tamburrini, E.; Guaraldi, G.; Dalzero, S.; Sansone, M.; Chiodo, A.; Degli Antoni, A. M.; Pinnetti, C.; Liuzzi, G.; Ravizza, M.; Di Lorenzo, F.; Sterrantino, G.; Meli, M.; Campolmi, I.; Vichi, F.; Del Pin, B.; Marocco, R.; Mastroianni, C.; Mercurio, V. S.; Zanaboni, D.; Nardini, G.; Stentarelli, C.; Beghetto, B.; Molinari, A.; Crisalli, M. P.; Donisi, A.; Ruggieri, A.; Piepoli, M.; Cerri, V.; Zuccotti, G.; Giacomet, V.; Paradiso, L.; Forlanini, F.; Longoni, E.; Placido, G.; Milini, P.; Savalli, F.; Portelli, V.; Sabbatini, F.; Francisci, D.; Papalini, C.; Bernini, L.; Grossi, P.; Rizzi, L.; Maso, G.; Bernardon, M.; Bussolaro, S.; della Pieta, I.; Sorz, A.; Meloni, A.; Dedoni, M.; Ortu, F.; Piano, P.; Citernesi, A.; Vicini, I. B.; Luzi, K.; Roccio, M.; Vimercati, A.; Calabretti, D.; Gigante, S.; Guerra, B.; Cervi, F.; Simonazzi, G.; Margarito, E.; Capretti, M. G.; Marsico, C.; Faldella, G.; Martinelli, P.; Agangi, A.; Capone, A.; Maruotti, G. M.; Tibaldi, C.; Trentini, L.; Todros, T.; Frisina, V.; Cardellicchio, E.; Giaquinto, C.; Fiscon, M.; Rubino, E.; Badolato, R.; Forleo, M. A.; Ruggiero, M.; Genovese, O.; Cafforio, C.; Casadei, A. M.; Cavaliere, A. F.; Cellini, M.; Marconi, A. M.; Ierardi, M.; Simonetti, S. C.; Alfieri, N.; Agrati, S.; Polizzi, C.; Mattei, A.; Pirillo, M. F.; Amici, R.; Galluzzo, C. M.; Donnini, S.; Baroncelli, S.; Cerioli, A.; de Martino, M.; Parazzini, F.; Vella, S.; Martinelli, P