444 research outputs found
Electrical resistivity near Pomeranchuk instability in two dimensions
We analyze the DC charge transport in the quantum critical regime near a
d-wave Pomeranchuk instability in two dimensions. The transport decay rate is
linear in temperature everywhere on the Fermi surface except at cold spots on
the Brillouin zone diagonal. For pure systems, this leads to a DC resistivity
proportional to T^{3/2} in the low-temperature limit. In the presence of
impurities the residual impurity resistance at T=0 is approached linearly at
low temperatures.Comment: 9 pages, no figure
Magnetic superlattice and finite-energy Dirac points in graphene
We study the band structure of graphene's Dirac-Weyl quasi-particles in a one-dimensional magnetic superlattice formed by a periodic sequence of alternating magnetic barriers. The spectrum and the nature of the states strongly depend on the conserved longitudinal momentum and on the barrier width. At the center of the superlattice Brillouin zone we find new Dirac points at finite energies where the dispersion is highly anisotropic, in contrast to the dispersion close to the neutrality point which remains isotropic. This finding suggests the possibility of collimating Dirac-Weyl quasi-particles by tuning the doping
Effect of mesoscopic inhomogeneities on local tunnelling density of states
We carry out a theoretical analysis of the momentum dependence of the
Fourier-transformed local density of states (LDOS) in the superconducting
cuprates within a model considering the interference of quasiparticles
scattering on quenched impurities. The impurities introduce an external
scattering potential, which is either nearly local in space or it can acquire a
substantial momentum dependence due to a possible strong momentum dependence of
the electronic screening near a charge modulation instability. The key new
effect that we introduce is an additional mesoscopic disorder aiming to
reproduce the inhomogeneities experimentally observed in scanning tunnelling
microscopy. The crucial effect of this mesoscopic disorder is to give rise to
point-like spectroscopic features, to be contrasted with the curve-like shape
of the spectra previously calculated within the interfering-quasiparticle
schemes. It is also found that stripe-like charge modulations play a relevant
role to correctly reproduce all the spectral features of the experiments.Comment: 11 pages and 5 figure
Tuning Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings: Effects on singlet and triplet condensation with Fermi atoms
We investigate the pair condensation of a two-spin-component Fermi gas in the
presence of both Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings. We calculate the
condensate fraction in the BCS-BEC crossover both in two and in three
dimensions by taking into account singlet and triplet pairings. These
quantities are studied by varying the spin-orbit interaction from the case with
the only Rashba to the equal-Rashba-Dresselhaus one. We find that, by mixing
the two couplings, the singlet pairing decreases while the triplet pairing is
suppressed in the BCS regime and increased in the BEC regime, both in two and
three dimensions. At fixed spin-orbital strength, the greatest total condensate
fraction is obtained when only one coupling (only Rashba or only Dresselhaus)
is present.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, final versio
Evaluating the Transition Towards Post-Carbon Cities: A Literature Review
To achieve the new European targets concerning CO2 emission reduction, the concept of a post-carbon city has been promoted, which is focused on low-energy and low-emission buildings provided with intelligent heating and cooling systems, electric and hybrid cars, and better public transport. This paradigm entails the inclusion of aspects not strictly related to energy exploitation but referring to environmental, social, and economic domains, such as improvement in local energy security, people’s opinion on different energy solutions, economic co-benefits for private users, environmental externalities, and so on. In this domain, it is of particular importance to provide the decision makers with evaluation tools able to consider the complexity of the impacts, thus leading to the choice of the most sustainable solutions. The paper aims to investigate the scientific literature in the context of evaluation frameworks for supporting decision problems related to the energy transition. The review is carried out through the scientific database SCOPUS. The analysis allows for systematizing the contributions according to the main families of evaluation methodologies, discussing to what extent they can be useful in real-world applications. The paper also proposes emerging trends and innovative research lines in the domain of energy planning and urban management. While the energy transition is an important trend, the analysis showed that few studies were conducted on the evaluation of projects, plans, and policies that aim to reach post-carbon targets. The scales of application refer mainly to global or national levels, while few studies have been developed at the district level. Life cycle thinking techniques, such as life cycle assessment and cost-benefit analysis, were widely used in this research field
Multiple magnetic barriers in graphene
We study the behavior of charge carriers in graphene in inhomogeneous
perpendicular magnetic fields. We consider two types of one-dimensional
magnetic profiles, uniform in one direction: a sequence of N magnetic barriers,
and a sequence of alternating magnetic barriers and wells. In both cases, we
compute the transmission coefficient of the magnetic structure by means of the
transfer matrix formalism, and the associated conductance. In the first case
the structure becomes increasingly transparent upon increasing N at fixed total
magnetic flux. In the second case we find strong wave-vector filtering and
resonant effects. We also calculate the band structure of a periodic magnetic
superlattice, and find a wave-vector-dependent gap around zero-energy.Comment: 9 pages, 18 figure
Enhancing the Cultural Heritage through Adaptive Reuse. A Multicriteria Approach to Evaluate the Castello Visconteo in Cusago (Italy)
Cultural heritage can play a strategic role in developing a sustainable built environment, contributing to the improvement of the economic, social, and environmental productivity of a city. Human activities are constantly affecting the quality of the environment and altering the ecosystems, which produce negative consequences also on human wellbeing. Within this context, it has been much discussed how cities and the built environment can counteract this process by supporting more sustainable development. Adaptive reuse is defined as “a process that changes a disused or ineffective item into a new item that can be used for a different purpose”, which strongly triggers the sustainable development of cities. It can be recognized as a promoter of economic growth, social wellbeing, and environmental preservation, given its capability of both preserving past values and creating new ones. The adaptive reuse matches the main points of the circular economy, seen as the sustainable economy, which is aimed at the reduction of natural resource extraction and environmental impact by extending the useful life of materials and promoting recovery, reuse, and regeneration processes. Given these premises, the current contribution aimed to evaluate alternative scenarios for reuse in Castello Visconteo in Cusago, located in the Lombardy region (Italy), and understanding how adaptive reuse could contribute to generating new values within a circular economy perspective. In detail, four alternative scenarios were proposed to face the new needs born during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Since both intangible and tangible values must be considered, a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) has been applied by combining economic and qualitative indicators to define the most suitable function for its adaptive reuse. In detail, the Novel Approach to Imprecise Assessment and Decision Environments (NAIADE) was used to identify the best alternative solution based on the opinions of conflicting stakeholders. The innovativeness of the contribution is given by the combination of different methodologies, the preservation of the memory and the generation of new values, and the consideration of adaptive reuse as a strategy for the achievement of sustainable development within a circular economy perspective
Stress post-traumatico: diagnosi e psicoterapia di urgenza
In the last decades, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder has been recognized more than in the past. It is estimated that the prevalence of this disorder is approximately 7.8% during lifetime. In some cases, incidents that seems to be relatively trifling may cause PTSD, because subjective affective meaning defines adverse events. This study will analyse Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) according to DSM-V (2013) and historical review about psychogenic reaction to stressful events. Moreover, it will explain the Clinical Exploration Interview and the Clinical Interview with Children, Dynamic Support Psycotherapy and Brief Dynamic Psycotherapy, this method has proven capable of obtaining results similar in the same way other treatments . In addition, it will propose: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), reflections on psychological damage in legal field and, finally, “Parameterized Therapy in Emergency Situations”, in according to Italian guidelines about “Emergency Psychology” for children, elders and psychiatric patients. It turns out that PTSD can be adequately understood in a biologic, psychological and social way, carrying out experimental longitudinal trial over random sample. In recent years, the percentage of diagnosis of PTSD increased. Victims have suffered lesser stressors lasting their lifetime as abuse and mistreatment, generating a PTSD alike as for natural disasters and wars, because the subjective affective meaning is more important than the fact, linked to victim’s resilience and social or familiar support
Conductance quantization and snake states in graphene magnetic waveguides
We consider electron waveguides (quantum wires) in graphene created by
suitable inhomogeneous magnetic fields. The properties of uni-directional snake
states are discussed. For a certain magnetic field profile, two spatially
separated counter-propagating snake states are formed, leading to conductance
quantization insensitive to backscattering by impurities or irregularities of
the magnetic field.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, final version accepted as Rapid Comm. in PR
Role of the impurity-potential range in disordered d-wave superconductors
We analyze how the range of disorder affects the localization properties of
quasiparticles in a two-dimensional d-wave superconductor within the standard
non-linear sigma-model approach to disordered systems. We show that for purely
long-range disorder, which only induces intra-node scattering processes, the
approach is free from the ambiguities which often beset the disordered
Dirac-fermion theories, and gives rise to a Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten action
leading to vanishing density of states and finite conductivities. We also study
the crossover induced by internode scattering due to a short range component of
the disorder, thus providing a coherent non-linear sigma-model description in
agreement with all the various findings of different approaches.Comment: 38 pages, 1 figur
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