Photo 3D technology applied to e-Learning tools production for animal biology

[EN] The teachers from the Biology Department of the University of Lille have been developing for the last two years, a digitalization program of naturalist collections. This project aims to preserve this scientific heritage and to use it for animal and plant biology teaching. Specimens are digitalized by a photo 3D capture system, that produces a 360° and/or hemispheric images of the objects starting from high-resolution pictures. Based on the use of this particular imaging technology, teachers realized multimedia eBooks and a series of files “at the glance“ for practical works in animal biology for Bachelor students in Life Sciences. These supports, enriched by graphic complements, texts, legends and interactive animations, are available on the pedagogic platform Moodle. These digital tools are viewable on computers and can be handled on smartphones and tablets for a nomad utilisation. Students generally consider these supports useful for learning and they consult these resources before, during and after the practical sessions. This distance-learning approach gives the students a complete autonomy for practical session preparation and reviews. The innovative tools here presented constitute a useful learning complement to classical academic lectures in animal biology.The project “Mammal teeth and diets“ is funded by UNISCIEL (Université des Sciences en ligne, http://www.unisciel.fr).Sautière, P.; Delbende, C.; Deleplanque, B.; Mikolajczyk, B.; Vizioli, J. (2019). Photo 3D technology applied to e-Learning tools production for animal biology. En HEAD'19. 5th International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 921-928. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAD19.2019.9225OCS92192

Contribution a l'etude des systemes neuronaux a proopiomelanocortine dans le systeme nerveux central

SIGLECNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Effect of a resistive load on the starting performance of a standing wave thermoacoustic engine: A numerical study

International audienceThe influence of a resistive load on the starting performance of a standing-wave thermoacoustic engine is investigated numerically. The model used is based upon a low Mach number assumption; it couples the two-dimensional nonlinear flow and heat exchange within the thermoacoustic active cell with one-dimensional linear acoustics in the loaded resonator. For a given engine geometry, prescribed temperatures at the heat exchangers, prescribed mean pressure, and prescribed load, results from a simulation in the time domain include the evolution of the acoustic pressure in the active cell. That signal is then analyzed, extracting growth rate and frequency of the dominant modes. For a given load, the temperature difference between the two sides is then varied; the most unstable mode is identified and so is the corresponding critical temperature ratio between heater and cooler. Next, varying the load, a stability diagram is obtained, potentially with a predictive value. Results are compared with those derived from Rott�s linear theory as well as with experimental results found in the literature

Induction of Therapeutic Antibodies by Vaccination against External Loops of Tumor-Associated Viral Latent Membrane Protein▿

Some human herpesviruses (HHV) are etiological contributors to a wide range of malignant diseases. These HHV express latent membrane proteins (LMPs), which are type III membrane proteins consistently exposed at the cell surface in these malignancies. These LMPs have relatively large cytoplasmic domains but only short extracellular loops connecting transmembrane segments that are accessible at the surface of infected cells, but they do not elicit antibodies in the course of natural infection and tumorigenesis. We report here that conformational peptides mimicking two adjacent loops of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) LMP1 (2LS peptides) induce high-affinity antibodies with remarkable antitumor activities in mice. In active immunization experiments, LMP1-targeting 2LS vaccine conferred tumor protection in BALB/c mice. Moreover, this tumor protection is dependent upon a humoral anti-2LS immune response as demonstrated in DO11.10 (TCR-OVA) mice challenged with LMP1-expressing tumor and in SCID mice xenografted with human EBV-positive lymphoma cells. These data provide a proof of concept for 2LS immunization against short external loops of viral LMPs. This approach might possibly be extended to other infectious agents expressing type III membrane proteins

Effect of a resistive load on the starting performance of a standing wave thermoacoustic engine

International audienceabstrac

Numerical simulation of flow dynamics in the periodic regime in an idealized thermoacoustic engine

International audienceFlow dynamics in the stack and heat exchangers of a standing wave thermoacoustic engine is studied using two-dimensional direct numerical simulations. The numerical approach is based on asymptotic coupling in the low Mach number limit of a nonlinear dynamic model in the active cell with linear acoustics in the resonator. Computed results of the initial amplification and of the periodic regime eventually reached are shown. For the former, results show the existence of a critical temperature for which the system becomes unstable so that the engine starts, which is strongly dependent upon the load. Analysis of the results in the periodic regime shows the importance of vortex dynamicsand the role of vortex shedding at sharp heat exchanger corners

Numerical simulation of flow dynamics in the periodic regime inside an idealized thermoacoustic engine

International audienceFlow dynamics in the stack and heat exchangers of a standing wave thermoacoustic engine are studied using 2D numerical simulations. The numerical approach is based on asymptotic coupling in the low Mach number limit, of a nonlinear dynamic model in the active cell with linear acoustics in the resonator. Computed results of the periodic regime are analyzed and exhibit two main features: instability and vortex dynamics

High Risk of Anal and Rectal Cancer in Patients With Anal and/or Perianal Crohn’s Disease

International audienceBackground & AimsLittle is known about the magnitude of the risk of anal and rectal cancer in patients with anal and/or perineal Crohn’s disease. We aimed to assess the risk of anal and rectal cancer in patients with Crohn’s perianal disease followed up in the Cancers Et Surrisque Associé aux Maladies Inflammatoires Intestinales En France (CESAME) cohort.MethodsWe collected data from 19,486 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) enrolled in the observational CESAME study in France, from May 2004 through June 2005; 14.9% of participants had past or current anal and/or perianal Crohn’s disease. Subjects were followed up for a median time of 35 months (interquartile range, 29–40 mo). To identify risk factors for anal cancer in the total CESAME population, we performed a case-control study in which participants were matched for age and sex.ResultsAmong the total IBD population, 8 patients developed anal cancer and 14 patients developed rectal cancer. In the subgroup of 2911 patients with past or current anal and/or perianal Crohn’s lesions at cohort entry, 2 developed anal squamous-cell carcinoma, 3 developed perianal fistula–related adenocarcinoma, and 6 developed rectal cancer. The corresponding incidence rates were 0.26 per 1000 patient-years for anal squamous-cell carcinoma, 0.38 per 1000 patient-years for perianal fistula–related adenocarcinoma, and 0.77 per 1000 patient-years for rectal cancer. Among the 16,575 patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease without anal or perianal lesions, the incidence rate of anal cancer was 0.08 per 1000 patient-years and of rectal cancer was 0.21 per 1000 patient-years. Among factors tested by univariate conditional regression (IBD subtype, disease duration, exposure to immune-suppressive therapy, presence of past or current anal and/or perianal lesions), the presence of past or current anal and/or perianal lesions at cohort entry was the only factor significantly associated with development of anal cancer (odds ratio, 11.2; 95% CI, 1.18-551.51; P = .03).ConclusionsIn an analysis of data from the CESAME cohort in France, patients with anal and/or perianal Crohn’s disease have a high risk of anal cancer, including perianal fistula–related cancer, and a high risk of rectal cancer