PARASITOFAUNA DE PARANTHIAS COLONUS (VALENCIENNES, 1846) EN EL SARGENTO, BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR, MÉXICO

Paranthias colonus(Valenciennes, 1846) is used as fish bait replacing first class fish that have been overfished in the Gulf of California. Due to its recent commercial importance, the parasite fauna of P. colonusfrom of El Sargento, Baja California Sur, Mexico is characterized to define its role in the life cycle of its parasites. 30 fishes were fixed in 4% formaldehyde for later examination. Helminths and copepods were treated with conventional techniques specific to each kind of parasite. P. colonushad 100% prevalence and 46.5 mean intensity of parasites. Adults of Pseudorhabdosynochus sp., Prodistomum orientalis, Brachyphallus sp., Lecithochirium sp., Spinitectus sp., Caligus sp., Pandaridae, and Hatschekia sp. and larevae of Tetragonocephalidae, Scolex pleuronectis and Anisakis sp. were found. There was evidence of host specificity of Pseudorhabdosynochussp. and Hatschekiasp. by serranid fish. P. orientalisis reported for the second time. Hemiuridae are generalists so Paranthiashas added to this host range. The presence of the metacestodes S. pleuronectisand Tetragonocephalidae indicates their role in Paranthiasas intermediate or paratenic hosts because they are found in adult elasmobranches. Anisakissp. and Caligussp. are of wide geographic distribution and host range. Anisakissp. is the only worm that poses a potential danger to public health because it causes anisakidosis. Members of the family Pandaridae are almost exclusive parasites in elasmobranchians and Paranthiasis widely spread in its hosts. This work reports the first world record of hosts and localities of the studied materials.Paranthias colonus (Valenciennes, 1846) es un pez usado como carnada que ha sustituido a los peces de primera clase que se han sobreexplotado en el Golfo de California. Debido a su reciente importancia comercial en este trabajo se caracterizó la parasitofauna de P. colonusen la localidad de El Sargento, Baja California Sur, México, para definir el papel que tiene en el ciclo biológico de sus parásitos. Se adquirieron 30 ejemplares se fijaron en formaldehído al 4% para su posterior revisión. Los helmintos y copépodos se trataron con las técnicas convencionales propias de cada clase de parásito. Se tuvo un 100% de prevalencia y 46,5 de intensidad media de parasitismo general. Pseudorhabdosynochus sp., Prodistomum orientalis, Brachyphallus sp., Lecithochirium sp., Spinitectus sp., Caligus sp., Pandaridae y Hatschekia sp. son adultos y Tetragonocephalidae, Scolex pleuronectis y Anisakis sp. son formas larvarias. Se evidencia la especificidad hospedatoria de Pseudorhabdosynochus sp. y Hatschekia sp. por peces Serránidos. P. orientalisen el presente trabajo representa el segundo registro. Los hemiúridos son generalistas por lo que Paranthiasse agrega a este rango de hospederos. La presencia de metacéstodos de Tetragonocephalidae y S. pleuronectisen Paranthiasindica su papel como hospedero intermediario o paraténico, debido a que en etapa adulta se encuentran en elasmobranquios. Anisakis sp. y Caligus sp. son de amplia distribución geográfica y rango de hospederos. Anisakissp. es el único helminto que representa un peligro potencial para la salud pública por ser causante de Anisakidosis. Los miembros de la familia Pandaridae son parásitos casi exclusivos de elasmobranquios y Paranthiasdiversifica su rango hospedatorio. Finalmente, la parasitofauna del hospedero y localidad de este trabajo representan el primer registro a nivel mundial

Prospective validation of microRNA signatures for detecting pancreatic malignant transformation in endoscopic-ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration biopsies

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease. Novel biomarkers are required to aid treatment decisions and improve patient outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potentially ideal diagnostic biomarkers, as they are stable molecules, and tumour and tissue specific.Results: Logistic regression analysis revealed an endoscopic-ultrasound fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) 2-miRNA classifier (miR-21 + miR-155) capable of distinguishing benign from malignant pancreatic lesions with a sensitivity of 81.5% and a specificity of 85.7% (AUC 0.930). Validation FNA cohorts confirmed both miRNAs were overexpressed in malignant disease, while circulating miRNAs performed poorly.Methods: Fifty-five patients with a suspicious pancreatic lesion on cross-sectional imaging were evaluated by EUS-FNA. At echo-endoscopy, the first part of the FNA was sent for cytological assessment and the second part was used for total RNA extraction. Candidate miRNAs were selected after careful review of the literature and expression was quantified by qRT-PCR. Validation was performed on an independent cohort of EUS-FNAs, as well as formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) and plasma samples.Conclusions: We provide further evidence for using miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for pancreatic malignancy. We demonstrate the feasibility of using fresh EUS-FNAs to establish miRNA-based signatures unique to pancreatic malignant transformation and the potential to enhance risk stratification and selection for surgery

Larvas de peces parasitadas por metacercarias de Hemiuridae y Fellodistomidae (Trematoda) en la laguna arrecifal de Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, México

Parasitized fish larvae collected with a neuston net (0.40 x 0.40 m mouth) at two sampling stations in the coral reef lagoon of Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico, from September to November 2002 were analyzed. Fish larvae and the parasites were stained together with acetic carmine and cleared with methyl salicilate. Parasites were removed from the host and mounted in permanent slides with synthetic resin. Unencysted metacercariae of Hemiuridae and Fellodistomidae were found in the stomach of Sphyraena barracuda (Sphyraenidae) (16), Serranidae (2) and Ctenogobius sp. (Gobiidae) (3); in the intestine of Gerres cinereus sp (Gerreidae) (2) and in the cloaca (12) and swim bladder (48) of Jenkinsia lamprotaenia (Clupeidae). Fish larvae are plankton feeders and as Acartia spinata and Paracalanus sp. are the most abundant copepods and the usual prey for predators, it is suggested that these microcrustaceans may be the first intermediate hosts and the usual infection via for fish larvae. Fish larvae would become the second or paratenic hosts and when adult fish feed on them, would become the final and definitive host.Se analizaron las muestras de larvas de peces recolectadas con una red de neuston (0.40 x 0.40 m de boca), en dos estaciones de muestreo en la laguna arrecifal de Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, de septiembre a noviembre de 2002, con el objetivo de identificar su fauna parasitaria. Las larvas de peces fueron teñidas junto con los parásitos con carmín acético, se transparentaron con salicilato de metilo y se extrajeron los parásitos, los cuales fueron montados en preparaciones permanentes. Se encontraron metacercarias de Hemiuridae y Fellodistomidae no enquistadas en el estómago de Sphyraena barracuda (Sphyraenidae) (16), en Serranidae (2) y Ctenogobius sp. (Gobiidae) (3); en el intestino de Gerres cinereus (Gerreidae)(2); en la cloaca (12) y vejiga natatoria (48) de Jenkinsia lamprotaenia (Clupeidae). Las larvas de peces son planctófagas y debido a que Acartia spinata y Paracalanus sp., son los copépodos más abundantes y las presas más comunes en el área de estudio, se considera que el modo de infección probable sea a través del consumo de estos microcrustáceos que actúan como primeros hospederos intermediarios. Las larvas de peces serían los segundos hospederos intermediarios u hospederos paraténicos y los peces adultos, al depredar sobre las larvas, se infectarían con los parásitos convirtiéndose en los hospederos definitivos

NONLINEAR VIBRATIONS OF FLUID-FILLED VISCOELASTIC CYLINDRICAL SHELLS

In this work the non-linear vibrations of a simply supported viscoelastic fluid-filled circular cylindrical shells subjected to lateral harmonic load is studied. Donnell's non-linear shallow shell theory is used to model the shell, assumed to be made of a Kelvin-Voigt material type, and a modal solution with six degrees of freedom is used to describe the lateral displacements. The Galerkin method is applied to derive a set of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations of motion. The influence of shell geometry, flow velocity and dissipation parameter are studied and special attention is given to resonance curves. Obtained results show that the viscoelastic dissipation parameter, flow velocity and geometry have significant influence on the nonlinear behavior of the shells as displayed in instability loads and resonance curves

Validation of photographs usage to evaluate meat visual acceptability of young bulls finished in feedlot fed with or without essential oils

Forty ½ Brown Swiss × ½ Nellore crossbred bulls were distributed into three experimental groups: CON – diet without addition of essential oils; CLO – diet with average 5, 000 mg/animal/day of clove essential oils and CIN – diet with average 5, 000 mg/animal/day of cinnamon essential oils to evaluate three methodologies of visual acceptability: with steaks directly in Trays and Sequential and Random photos. Seventeen consumers evaluated visual appearance of meat using a 9-point structured hedonic scale. CON group presented higher shelf-life than essential oils groups. Trays and Sequential scores were similar in the majority of days; thus digital images could be used to evaluate colour evolution. However, Random photos resulted in lower scores and slower acceptability decrease than Trays and Sequential photos (p < 0.05) among the second and fifth day of display. Random photos presented a lower and more constant standard deviation than Trays and Sequential photos (p < 0.01) indicating that this methodology promoted a higher standard situation for meat colour evaluation

The Meteorite Fall in Carancas, Lake Titicaca Region, Southern Peru: First Results

The meteorite fall that occurred on September 15, 2007, in the Carancas community is a rare case where it is possible to study both impact phenomenology and meteorite characteristics, including accurate time framework

Emisi?n de acciones de empresas peruanas en el mercado financiero internacional : factores de ?xito, beneficios y riesgos

El Per? cerr? el a?o 2013 con un incremento del PBI de 5.2% en comparaci?n con el a?o anterior, lo cual marc? 15 a?os seguidos de crecimiento; las reservas, a diciembre del 2013, superaron los 64,000 millones de d?lares; el nuevo sol, por su parte, se ha fortalecido con respecto al d?lar, y se espera que esta tendencia contin?e. En este contexto, muchas empresas peruanas se han robustecido. Asimismo, ha surgido una gran cantidad de proyectos con perspectivas de crecimiento, pero que requieren financiamiento para llevarse a cabo. Se observa, sin embargo, que muy pocas son las empresas que han decidido financiarlos mediante la emisi?n de acciones, tanto en el pa?s como en el extranjero. En el Per?, solo el 0.15% de las sociedades an?nimas poseen valores cotizados en bolsa. Ello demuestra el poco inter?s de las empresas en obtener financiamiento por medio de la ampliaci?n de su base de accionistas; de esta manera, dejan de recibir los beneficios derivados de listar sus acciones en la bolsa de valores local y, sobre todo, en las bolsas internacionales. Las estructuras de financiamiento de las empresas peruanas no se encuentran muy diversificadas a?n en lo que respecta a los instrumentos financieros negociados en el mercado de capitales. Financiarse mediante la emisi?n de acciones permite tener una mayor base patrimonial, lo que reduce el apalancamiento financiero, permite contraer m?s deuda y, por ende, ampliar las posibilidades de crecimiento. Sin embargo, las caracter?sticas del mercado de capitales peruano son todav?a limitadas en cuanto a liquidez y concentraci?n, lo cual no potencia el desarrollo de megaproyectos; en consecuencia, algunas empresas locales se han visto en la necesidad de buscar financiamiento en distintas plazas burs?tiles internacionales. Con la finalidad de identificar y determinar los factores cr?ticos de ?xito presentes en las emisiones de acciones de empresas peruanas en mercados internacionales, la presente investigaci?n analiza cuatro casos de empresas peruanas que realizaron sus operaciones de financiamiento internacional, entre 1995 y el 2007, en las bolsas de valores de Nueva York (NYSE), Londres (LSE) y Oslo (OSE)

Therapeutic applications of curcumin nanomedicine formulations in cardiovascular diseases

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) compromises a group of heart and blood vessels disorders with high impact on human health and wellbeing. Curcumin (CUR) have demonstrated beneficial effects on these group of diseases that represent a global burden with a prevalence that continues increasing progressively. Pre- and clinical studies have demonstrated the CUR effects in CVD through its anti-hypercholesterolemic and anti-atherosclerotic effects and its protective properties against cardiac ischemia and reperfusion. However, the CUR therapeutic limitation is its bioavailability. New CUR nanomedicine formulations are developed to solve this problem. The present article aims to discuss different studies and approaches looking into the promising role of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems to deliver CUR and its derivatives in CVD treatment, with an emphasis on their formulation properties, experimental evidence, bioactivity, as well as challenges and opportunities in developing these systems.This work was supported by CONICYT PIA/APOYO CCTE AFB170007. N. Martins would like to thank the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT–Portugal) for the Strategic project ref. UID/BIM/04293/2013 and “NORTE2020—Programa Operacional Regional do Norte” (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000012)