24 research outputs found
Assessment of the variability of atmospheric pollution in national parks of mainland Spain
Air quality in nine National Parks in mainland Spain was assessed analysing SO2, NOx, O3, PM10 and PM2.5 data from background stations. As emissions in and around parks are limited, the levels of primary pollutants are low. Concentrations of secondary pollutants are high especially in summer due to photochemical production. The geographical variability of pollutants responds to regional emission patterns and the dominant circulation regimes in different regions resulting in west-east gradients for O3 and PM. Seasonal variability of pollutants was also interpreted in virtue of transport scenarios, changes in photochemical activity and emissions variability. NOx and SO2, maximize in winter due to higher emissions while O3 and PM do it in summer due to photochemical production, lower precipitation and, in the case of PM, the occurrence of African dust outbreaks. The diurnal evolution was interpreted in virtue of variability in emissions and changes in the Planetary Boundar Layer height
Isquemia mesentérica: manejo endovascular
Mesenteric ischaemia is a condition that may be very severe and potentially lethal particularly in the acute presentation. Early treatment is crucial. We present four consecutive cases managed by our team with thrombosis or dissection or aneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery and the celiac trunk reviewing indications and treatment implemented. Multiple successful endovascular procedures were used in all cases avoiding progression to lethal consequences. None of the patients required an open surgical procedure. Therefore, endovascular procedures are feasible in these patients avoiding intestinal necrosis as well as the need for open surgeries.La isquemia mesentĂ©rica es una condiciĂłn que puede volverse muy grave y ser letal, mĂĄs aĂșn en los casos agudos. Un tratamiento precoz es muy importante. Se presentaron cuatro casos consecutivos tratados por nuestro equipo con trombosis, o disecciĂłn o aneurismas de arterias mesentĂ©rica superior y tronco celĂaco, se revisaron las indicaciones y se evaluaron los tratamientos llevados a cabo. Se utilizaron procedimientos endovasculares en todos, tĂ©cnicamente en forma exitosa, evitando que progrese a un desenlace peligroso. Hubo diversidad de tĂ©cnicas endovasculares adaptĂĄndolas a cada caso. En ningĂșn paciente se requiriĂł un acceso quirĂșrgico abierto para completar el tratamiento realizando las intervenciones prontas. El manejo endovascular de las lesiones mesentĂ©ricas es factible y replicable, y en nuestros casos podrĂa haber prevenido una necrosis intestinal asĂ como la necesidad de cirugĂas resectivas
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Dietary αâLinolenic Acid, Marine Ïâ3 Fatty Acids, and Mortality in a Population With High Fish Consumption: Findings From the PREvenciĂłn con DIeta MEDiterrĂĄnea (PREDIMED) Study
Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests a cardioprotective role of αâlinolenic acid (ALA), a plantâderived Ïâ3 fatty acid. It is unclear whether ALA is beneficial in a background of high marine Ïâ3 fatty acids (longâchain nâ3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) intake. In persons at high cardiovascular risk from Spain, a country in which fish consumption is customarily high, we investigated whether meeting the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids recommendation for dietary ALA (0.7% of total energy) at baseline was related to allâcause and cardiovascular disease mortality. We also examined the effect of meeting the society's recommendation for longâchain nâ3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (â„500 mg/day). Methods and Results: We longitudinally evaluated 7202 participants in the PREvenciĂłn con DIeta MEDiterrĂĄnea (PREDIMED) trial. Multivariableâadjusted Cox regression models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios. ALA intake correlated to walnut consumption (r=0.94). During a 5.9ây followâup, 431 deaths occurred (104 cardiovascular disease, 55 coronary heart disease, 32 sudden cardiac death, 25 stroke). The hazard ratios for meeting ALA recommendation (n=1615, 22.4%) were 0.72 (95% CI 0.56â0.92) for allâcause mortality and 0.95 (95% CI 0.58â1.57) for fatal cardiovascular disease. The hazard ratios for meeting the recommendation for longâchain nâ3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n=5452, 75.7%) were 0.84 (95% CI 0.67â1.05) for allâcause mortality, 0.61 (95% CI 0.39â0.96) for fatal cardiovascular disease, 0.54 (95% CI 0.29â0.99) for fatal coronary heart disease, and 0.49 (95% CI 0.22â1.01) for sudden cardiac death. The highest reduction in allâcause mortality occurred in participants meeting both recommendations (hazard ratio 0.63 [95% CI 0.45â0.87]). Conclusions: In participants without prior cardiovascular disease and high fish consumption, dietary ALA, supplied mainly by walnuts and olive oil, relates inversely to allâcause mortality, whereas protection from cardiac mortality is limited to fishâderived longâchain nâ3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.Controlled-trials.com/. Unique identifier: ISRCTN35739639