Street level tinkering in the times of 'Make in India'

The paper discusses the future of Delhi’s electronic bazaars in the wake of the ‘Make in India’ (MiI) program. MiI aims to develop a home-grown manufacturing base that, among its many goals, also targets the same popular market sector that the bazaars currently operate in. However, there is virtually no consideration of the role of bazaars and the informal economy within the MiI program. Rather, this initiative, along with similar efforts to render the economy formal and transparent, sees the bazaars with their reliance on cash transactions and their scant respect for intellectual property rights as part of a regressive grey economy. This paper initiates a discussion on what could be the consequences of following the present route of disregarding the informal economy that, in fact, has hosted the most industrious model of production in the country

The Penn State - Toru\'n Centre for Astronomy Planet Search stars IV. Dwarfs and the complete sample

Our knowledge of the intrinsic parameters of exoplanets is as precise as our determinations of their stellar hosts parameters. In the case of radial velocity searches for planets, stellar masses appear to be crucial. But before estimating stellar masses properly, detailed spectroscopic analysis is essential. With this paper we conclude a general spectroscopic description of the Pennsylvania-Torun Planet Search (PTPS) sample of stars. We aim at a detailed description of basic parameters of stars representing the complete PTPS sample. We present atmospheric and physical parameters for dwarf stars observed within the PTPS along with updated physical parameters for the remaining stars from this sample after the first Gaia data release. We used high resolution (R=60 000) and high signal-to-noise-ratio (S/N=150-250) spectra from the Hobby-Eberly Telescope and its High Resolution Spectrograph. Stellar atmospheric parameters were determined through a strictly spectroscopic local thermodynamic equilibrium analysis (LTE) of the equivalent widths of FeI and FeII lines. Stellar masses, ages, and luminosities were estimated through a Bayesian analysis of theoretical isochrones. We present $T_{eff}$, log$g$ , [Fe/H], micrturbulence velocities, absolute radial velocities, and rotational velocities for 156 stars from the dwarf sample of PTPS. For most of these stars these are the first determinations. We refine the definition of PTPS subsamples of stars (giants, subgiants, and dwarfs) and update the luminosity classes for all PTPS stars. Using available Gaia and Hipparcos parallaxes, we redetermine the stellar parameters (masses, radii, luminosities, and ages) for 451 PTPS stars. The complete PTPS sample of 885 stars is composed of 132 dwarfs, 238 subgiants, and 515 giants, of which the vast majority are of roughly solar mass.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysic

Effect of biosurfactant from two strains of Pseudomonas on germinating seedlings of Cicer arietinum L and Phaseolus mungo Roxb.

Two Pseudomonas strains isolated from oil-contaminated soil which produce biosurfactant were studied. The biosurfactant containing broth formed stable emulsions with liquid light paraffin, cooking medium vegetable oil and toluene. The strains under study produce extra cellular biosurfactant in theculture media. Biosurfactant was extracted from the culture broth by acetone-HCl precipitation. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) of biosurfactant from Pseudomonas sp I and Pseudomonas sp II were found to be 120 and 140 mg/l, respectively. The biosurfactants from the two species were found to have no effects on germinating seedlings of Phaseolus mungo Roxb and Cicer arietinum L when treated at concentration 1, 2, 5 and 10%, suggesting a potential use in surfactant aided bioremediation and for even distribution of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural sector. This is the first report on effect of biosurfactant on total length proliferation of germinating seedlings

Three red giants with substellar-mass companions

We present three giant stars from the ongoing Penn State-Toru\'n Planet Search with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope, which exhibit radial velocity variations that point to a presence of planetary --mass companions around them. BD+49 828 is a $M=1.52 \pm 0.22$ $M_{\odot}$ K0 giant with a $m sini$=$1.6^{+0.4}_{-0.2}$ $M_{J}$ minimum mass companion in $a=4.2^{+0.32}_{-0.2}$ AU ($2590^{+300}_{-180}$d), $e=0.35^{+0.24}_{-0.10}$ orbit. HD 95127, a log$L$/$L_{\odot}$=$2.28 \pm 0.38$, $R = 20\pm 9$ $R_{\odot}$, $M=1.20 \pm 0.22$ $M_{\odot}$ K0 giant has a $m sini$=$5.01^{+0.61}_{-0.44}$ $M_{J}$ minimum mass companion in $a=1.28^{+0.01}_{-0.01}$ AU ($482^{+5}_{-5}$d), $e=0.11^{+0.15}_{-0.06}$ orbit. Finally, HD 216536, is a $M=1.36 \pm 0.38$ $M_{\odot}$ K0 giant with a $m sin i=1.47^{+0.20}_{-0.12}$ $M_{J}$ minimum mass companion in $a=0.609^{+0.002}_{-0.002}$ AU ($148.6^{+0.7}_{-0.7}$d), $e=0.38^{+0.12}_{-0.10}$ orbit. Both, HD 95127 b and HD 216536 b in their compact orbits, are very close to the engulfment zone and hence prone to ingestion in the near future. BD+49 828 b is among the longest period planets detected with the radial velocity technique until now and it will remain unaffected by stellar evolution up to a very late stage of its host. We discuss general properties of planetary systems around evolved stars and planet survivability using existing data on exoplanets in more detail.Comment: 47 pages, 11 figures. Accepted by Ap

Jarak Rumah ke Tempat Pembuangan Akhir, Kualitas Fisik Rumah terhadap Kadar Gas Metana (CH4) dalam Rumah di Kelurahan Batulayang Kecamatan Pontianak Utara, Kota Pontianak

Gas that highly produced from decomposition of garbages at fi nal spot waste disposal is methane.Methane gas is one of gases that can cause poisoning and source of air pollutants which cause health problems such as respiratory disorders. The study aimed to determine the relationship between distance and physical qualities of houses with levels of methane gas inside houses surrounding the fi nal spot waste disposal, the TPAS in Batu Layang Village, North Pontianak year 2015., It was an observational study with a cross sectional design. Samples were all, 34 houses around the TPAS in Batu Layang Village. The analysis was by chi-square test. Most inhabitants were educated 60% of elementary and junior high school and 68% labors. More than half, 19 (55.9%) had at the average methane gas levels in houses with high category of 0.25 ppm. The majorities 84.2% distance of houses to the TPAS and house conditions with types of 81.3 % fl oor, 83.3% wall and 66.7% large ventilation were not as the requirements. The types of fl oor and wall that were not as the requirements and distance of houses to the TPAS were risk to methane gas in the house as 8.66 (95%CI 1.76–42.60), 7.22 (95% CI:1.26–41.14), and 4,66 (95% CI 0.94–23.03) times higher than house conditions as the requirements and near distance to the TPAS. Near distance of houses to the TPAS and types of fl oor, wall not as requirements caused methane gas into the houses. Meanwhile large house ventilation was not associated with methane levels in the houses likely because the distance and types of fl oor, wall had more infl uences Inhabitants who live surroundings the TPAS should cover fl oors with rugs and make wall of house from woods with well arranged. Moreover, they should plant shade trees to absorb and reduce gases to gases from the TPAS, especially methane

Diversity of wetland fish and its impact on the income of fishermen community of Assam.

A survey was conducted in 3000 fishermen households surrounding 54 wetlands (Beels) of Assam. The fish diversity of the wetlands has been decreasing during the last few years due to some extrinsic and intrinsic factors. The total number of fish species recorded so far during the present study is 67 belonging to 21 families. Cyprinidae is the most dominant family represented by major group species (8), intermediate group species (3) and minor group species (12) of high commercial value. Among these three groups, the diversity of fish species is higher in the minor group fish. The present paper deals with the economic condition of the fishermen who mainly fish in the wetlands. The economic condition of the fishermen community is found very poor. The income of fishermen varies from Rs. 4.478 to Rs.7,484 per annum. A regression analysis shows that the income of fishermen is not dependent alone on the fish production but it is exclusively dependent on the value of the fish catch. All the three groups (in terms of value) have significant influence at 10.00% confidence level. But analysis of β shows that the intermediate fish group exhibits the highest influence on the variation of the fishermen income followed by minor and major group respectively