Autogenous skin transplant for repair of traumatic ventral hernia in sheep

Traumatic ventral abdominal hernia is common in sheep. Fifteen adult sheep affected with large ventral hernia defect were treated. Skin was harvested from the same sheep and replaced for the defective abdominal muscle and sutured. Subcutaneous tissue and skin were opposed over the transplanted skin and sutured. The animals were evaluated clinically, haematologically and by biopsy. Clinically, the animals ate and drank normally after surgery. The transplanted skins were perfectly secured in place. Leukocytosis with neutrophilia and lymphopenia were noticed in 77.7% of cases until the 5th day post-operation. Biopsy results indicated vascularization, atretic hair follicles and no signs of rejection. After six months there were signs of re-herniation and the transplanted skin began to enlarge, showing a defect in the abdominal wall in all cases

Trbušna kila u smeđe mine (Acridotheres tristis)

Hernias are often related to breeding, hormonal inflfl uences, or other reasons for space-occupying coelomic masses. This is a diffifi cult problem which is more common in obese female birds. A 2-year-old female common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) was presented to the Veterinary teaching hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University with abdominal swelling and lethargy because of a cage fall from 2 meters six days earlier. After diagnosis of the ventral abdominal hernia, under local aesthesia the contents of the hernial sac were reduced into the abdominal cavity and the linea alba tear was sutured by a simple continuous suture pattern using Vicryl no. 5/0 in two layers. The follow up study for two months revealed no complications.Kile su često povezane s uzgajanjem, hormonalnim utjecajem ili drugim razlozima nedostatka prostora u trbušnoj šupljini. One predstavljaju sve teži problem u uzgojenih ptica. Ženka smeđe mine (Acridotheres tristis) u dobi od dvije godine primljena je na kliniku Fakulteta veterinarske medicine, Sveučilišta Shiraz u Iranu jer je imala oteklinu u području trbuha i bila je potištena nakon pada s visine od dva metra šest dana prije primitka na kliniku. Nakon dijagnoze trbušne kile sadržaj hernijalne vreće bio je pod lokalnom anestezijom vraćen u trbušnu šupljinu. Poderotina u području bijele linije bila je sašivena jednostavnim neprekidnim dvoslojnim šavom upotrebom Vicryl-a 5/0. Nisu ustanovljene komplikacije tijekom dva mjeseca promatranja nakon operacije

Evaluation of Histological Impacts of Three Types of Orthodontic Fixed Retainers on Periodontium of Rabbits

ABSTRACT Statement of the Problem: Fixed retainers were developed to maintain incisor alignments after orthodontic treatments. Although the effects of fixed retainers on periodontal health are clinically studied, no studies have still evaluated the histological changes in the periodontium after the placement of thefixed retainers. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of customised retainers on periodontium histologically. Materials and Method: Forty pairs of maxillary and mandibular central incisors of twenty rabbits were randomly divided into four equal groups: The first group was considered as the control and in the second group, Fiber Reinforced Composite (FRC), in the third group, 0.014 inch stainless steel (SS) wire and in the fourth group, 0.175 inch multistrand stainless steel (MSS) wire were bonded on the labial surfaces of the incisors. After sixty days; animals' periodontium were evaluated histologically. Results: The number of bone resorption lacuna in the control group was significantly less than FRC and 0.014 SS groups. The periodontal vessel count and their diameter in the control group was significantly lower than the other groups. The pulp vessel count and their diameter in controls were significantly more than the 0.014 SS and the 0.175 MSS groups. Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that FRC fixed retainer might cause detrimental effects on the periodontal ligaments and supporting bone and the 0.014-inch and 0.175-inch fixed retainers can cause hyalinization and possibly the necrosis of the pulp

Sijalografija u konja: postupak i normalan nalaz

The anatomy of horse salivary glands was studied on cadaver heads. The mandibular duct enters the oral cavity on the border of sublingual caruncle. The parotid gland duct enters the oral cavity on the cheek opposite the upper 4th premolar (3rd cheek tooth). Prior to applying sialography to live animals the techniques of catheterization, injection and radiography had to be carried out on cadaver heads. The techniques were subsequently applied to three live animals. The animals were anesthetized routinely and the mandibular and parotid ducts catheterized, and contrast medium was injected into each gland. Lateral radiographs were made immediately after the injection. The normal horse mandibular and parotid salivary glands as depicted on sialograms have a multilobular appearance in cadaver heads, but in live animals the outline of gland, main ducts and their smaller branches could be identifi ed. The parotid duct leaves the deep surface of the rostral end of gland and courses along the border of the masseter muscle before it enters the mouth. The mean diameter of parotid duct was 3.9 ± 0.9 mm. The mandibular duct leaves the rostral end of the gland, its mean diameter being 3.6 ± 1.2 mm. In conclusion, sialography of mandibular and parotid salivary gland in horse is practical and helpful in diagnoses of pathological conditions of these glands and their ducts.Anatomija slinovnica konja proučavana je na glavama lešina. Čeljusni slinovod ulazi u usnu šupljinu na granici podjezičnog uzdignuća, a zaušni slinovod ulazi u usnu šupljinu na obrazu suprotno od gornjeg četvrtog pretkutnjaka. Postupci kateterizacije, injekcije i radiografi je uvježbani su na glavama lešina prije primjene sijalografije na živim životinjama. Postupak je potom primijenjen na trima živim životinjama. Životinje su bile podvrgnute rutinskoj anesteziji, a zatim su čeljusni i zaušni slinovodi bili kateterizirani te je kontrastno sredstvo bilo ubrizgano u svaku žlijezdu. Lateralna radiografi ja bila je učinjena neposredno nakon ubrizgavanja. Normalan izgled čeljusnih i zaušnih slinovnica na sijalogramima lešina bio je režnjate građe. Oblik žlijezde, glavni izvodni kanali i njihove manje grane mogli su se identifi cirati na živim životinjama. Zaušni slinovod napušta duboku površinu oralnog okrajka žlijezde i pruža se uz rub velikog žvačnog mišića prije ulaska u usnu šupljinu. Srednji promjer zaušnog slinovoda bio je 3,9 ± 0,9 mm. Čeljusni slinovod napušta oralni dio okrajka žlijezde, a njegov srednji promjer iznosi 3,6 ± 1,2 mm. Zaključno se može reći da je sijalografi ja čeljusne i zaušne slinovnice u konja od praktičnog značenja i korisna je u dijagnosticiranju njihovih patoloških stanja kao i patoloških stanja njihovih izvoda

Role of CD146 Enrichment in Purification of Stem Cells Derived from Dental Pulp Polyp

Introduction: Hyperplastic pulpitis (pulp polyp)tissues contains cells with stem cell properties similar to that of the dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). It has also been shown that CD146 enrichment can homogenize the cultures of DPSCs and enhance the colony forming potentials of their cultures. This study determines whether CD146 enrichment can help purifying the stem cells from heterogeneous cultures of the pulp polyp derived stem cells (PPSCs). Methods and Materials: Healthy dental pulps and pulp polyp tissues were enzymatically digested and the harvested single cells were sorted according to the presence of CD146 marker. The sorted cells were seeded directly for colony forming unit (CFU) assays of the negative and positive portions. Flowcytometric antigen panel and differentiation assays were used to see if these cells conform with mesenchymal stems cells (MSCs) definition. Differences between the between groups was assessed using independent t-test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: Normal pulp tissue derived cells formed higher colonies (42.5±16.8 per 104 cells) than the pulp polyp (17.75±8.9 per 104 cells) (P=0.015). The CD146 positive portion of the polyp derived cells formed an average of 91.5±29.7 per 104 cells per CFU. On the other hand, CD146 negative portion did not show any colonies (P<0.001). Both resources showed cells with flowcytometric antigen panel and differentiation potentials conforming to MSC definition. Conclusion: The entire CFU of PPSCs were formed within CD146 enriched portion. It seems that CD146 enrichment may reduce the number of possible fibroblasts of the pulp polyps and may further homogenize the culture of the PPSCs.Keywords: Adult Stem Cell; CD146; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Disease; Pulpitis; Pulp Polyp; Stem cell Assa

Evaluation of Histological Impacts of Three Types of Orthodontic Fixed Retainers on Periodontium of Rabbits

Statement of the Problem: Fixed retainers were developed to maintain incisor alignments after orthodontic treatments. Although the effects of fixed retainers on periodontal health are clinically studied, no studies have still evaluated the histological changes in the periodontium after the placement of thefixed retainers. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of customised retainers on periodontium histologically. Materials and Method: Forty pairs of maxillary and mandibular central incisors of twenty rabbits were randomly divided into four equal groups: The first group was considered as the control and in the second group, Fiber Reinforced Composite (FRC), in the third group, 0.014 inch stainless steel (SS) wire and in the fourth group, 0.175 inch multistrand stainless steel (MSS) wire were bonded on the labial surfaces of the incisors. After sixty days; animals' periodontium were evaluated histologically. Results: The number of bone resorption lacuna in the control group was significantly less than FRC and 0.014 SS groups. The periodontal vessel count and their diameter in the control group was significantly lower than the other groups. The pulp vessel count and their diameter in controls were significantly more than the 0.014 SS and the 0.175 MSS groups. Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that FRC fixed retainer might cause detrimental effects on the periodontal ligaments and supporting bone and the 0.014- inch and 0.175- inch fixed retainers can cause hyalinization and possibly the necrosis of the pulp

Comparison of gold standards with common histopathologic evaluations in diagnosis of oral neurofibromas in pathology department of Shiraz Dental School

Introduction: Diagnosis of neurofibroma usually is based on the specific morphology and arrangement of mesenchymal cells in routine Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) sections, and detection of mast cells supports the diagnosis. Sometimes definite diagnosis from other mesenchymal lesions may be difficult. The aim of the present study was to compare S100 expression and mast cells count (as Gold Standard) with routine histopathologic diagnosis. Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, all cases of neurofibroma and compatible/ consistent with neurofibroma, that had been diagnosed in department of oral & maxillofacial pathology, school of dentistry, Shiraz, from 1986 to 2013, were enrolled. Immunohistochemistry was performed using S100 antibody and slides were stained by Giemsa. S100 labeling index, intensity and distribution as well as mast cells count were evaluated using light microscope. Results: Mast cells were present in 97% of cases that 56.4 % showed 1-200 cells/10HPF. 82 % of cases were positive for S100 that 40.7% showed 2-30% labeling index and 70.4% had moderate intensity for S100 staining. Conclusions: The comparison of routine histopathologic examination with gold standard method in Oral Pathology Department of Shiraz Dental School confirmed the routine histopathologic diagnosis in all cases, therefore no more evaluation may be required if a pathologist considers all routine diagnostic criteria

Dental Pulp Polyps Contain Stem Cells Comparable to the Normal Dental Pulps

Objectives: Few studies investigated the isolation of stem cells from pathologically injured dental tissues. The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of isolation of stem cells from pulp polyps (chronic hyperplastic pulpitis), a pathological tissue produced in an inflammatory proliferative response within a tooth. Study design: Pulp polyp tissues were enzymatically digested and the harvested single cells were cultured. Cultured cells underwent differentiation to adipocytes and osteoblasts as well as flowcytometric analysis for markers such as: CD90, CD73, CD105, CD45, and CD14. In addition we tried to compare other characteristics (including colonigenic efficacy, population doubling time and the cell surface antigen panels) of these cells to that of healthy dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Results: Cells isolated from pulp polyps displayed spindle shape morphology and differentiated into adipocytes and osteoblasts successfully. These cells expressed CD90, CD73, and CD105 while were negative for CD45, CD14. Number of colonies among 104 tissue cells was higher in the normal pulp tissue derived cells than the pulp polyps (P=0.016); but as polyp tissues are larger and contain more cells (P=0.004), the total number of the stem cell in a sample tissue was higher in polyps but not significantly (P=0.073). Conclusions: The cells isolated from pulp polyps fulfill minimal criteria needed for MSC definition; hence, it can be concluded that pulp polyps contain stem cells. Although pulp polyps are rare tissues in daily practice but when they are present, may serve as a possible new non-invasively acquired tissue resource of stem cells for affected patients. List of abbreviations: APC = allophycocyanin, BM = Bone Marrow, CFU-F = Colony Forming Unit Fibroblast, DPSC = Dental Pulp Stem Cell, FITC = fluorescein isothiocyanate, MNC = mononuclear cells, MSC = Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell, PE = Phycoerythrin, PerCP = Peridinin chlorophyll protein, PPSC = Pulp Polyp Stem Cell

Co-Infection Rates between SARS-CoV-2 and RSV in Oropharyngeal, Nasopharyngeal Aspirate and Saliva Samples of COVID-19 Patients, Shiraz, South of Iran

Statement of the Problem: Determining the prevalence of respiratory viruses' coinfection with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is essential to defining its true clinical influence.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate co-infection rates between severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infected patients in Shiraz, south of Iran.Materials and Method: In a cross-sectional descriptive study, oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA), and saliva samples of 50 COVID-19 patients who were referred to Ali-Asghar hospital (Shiraz, Iran) from March to August 2020, were collected. A control group consisted of age and sex-matched healthy participants. The nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal aspirates were collected by sterile swabs. All cases were hospitalized, and all SARS-CoV-2 patients had a fever and respiratory symptoms. The samples were packed in a vial with 1 mL of transport medium and transported to the Valfagre specialty laboratory, where they were tested for RSV using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: 100 nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal aspirates and saliva samples including 50 healthy controls (24 females, 26 males) and 50 COVID-19 patients' samples (27 males and 23 females) were studied. There was no significant difference regarding age as well as gender between both groups (P>0.05). None of the healthy subjects was infected with RSV; however, 5(10%) patients from COVID-19 group were infected with the RSV virus. Chi-square test did not show a significant difference between RSV infection in COVID-19 patients and healthy subjects.Conclusion: The outcome of present research showed that concurrent RSV with COVID 19 infection might be seen in hospitalized patients in Shiraz Southwest of Iran. For more reliable findings, further research on bigger populations, including more pathogens in several places around the country, and considering the severity of symptoms is required