The Effect of Listening to the Quran Verses on the Happiness of Girl Students of Junior High School in Borujen

Background: Happiness among students can enhance school performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of listening to the Quran verses on the happiness of female students of a junior high school in Borujen, Iran. Methods: In this semi-experimental study, all students of the 2nd grade of the Distinct Governmental Junior High School in Borujen, Iran, were included by census sampling method. Data were collected by the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire completed by the students. Then, the verses of Hashr sura recited by Mahmoud Minshavi were replayed for one week. After this, the questionnaires were completed by the students again. Finally, the data were analyzed by paired t-tests using SPSS 15. Results: In this study, 92 girl students of Junior High School with an average age of 13.57±0.49 were included. The average score of happiness before and after listening to the Quran verses were 60.39±10.69 and 67.58±14.30, respectively. The scores of happiness significantly increased (P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings show that Quran recitation probably increases the happiness of the students. Therefore, by planning to have Quran recitation in schools, the level of students’ happiness can be increased

Study of the Epidemiology and Use of Condoms in Vulnerable Women Referring to Damage Reduction Centers in Shiraz During 2015-2016

Background and aims: Female sex workers (FSWs) play an essential role in the transmission of HIV and are considered critical groups compared to the public groups of society and their customers. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the status of sexual intercourse among prostitutes in Shiraz in 2015-2016. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 162 prostitutes referred to Shiraz transitional damage reduction centers and the information was gathered through a checklist. Results: The results showed that the mean age at the first vaginal intercourse was 16.57±3.65. In 62.3 of people, the main reason for prostitution was the need for money to help the family. It was also found that 39.5 of prostitutes had anal sex, and more than 95 of them did not use condoms during sex. There was also a statistically significant relationship (P<0.01) between the age of sexual intercourse and education level. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that prostitutes initiated the first sexual intercourse at a very young age, and increase in the education level postponed the first sexual intercourse. Otherwise stated, the first sexual intercourse can be delayed by increasing the level of education

Possibility of the blood clot, thrombotic thrombocytopenia following injection of COVID-19-vaccine AstraZeneca; a systematic review

Introduction: Recently, it has been reported that the injection of vaccines such as the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca) involves some rare cases of thrombocytopenia and blood clots, although the vaccines created immunity in people. Estimates of this phenomenon are not the same in different countries, probably due to age distribution and number. Objectives: This study attempted to study AstraZeneca’s rare side effects in people injected with this vaccine. Methods: This systematic study was conducted using articles published in 2021 under the title of blood clot and thrombocytopenia by AstraZeneca injection. The references and data were gathered through national and international sites such as Magiran, Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. They were also gathered and examined using report cases and the available data on COVID-19 vaccine immunization in various countries. The keywords used mainly are COVID-19 vaccine, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, blood clots, thrombus, thrombotic, and thrombocytopenia. Eventually, 25 articles were searched and examined, of which 15 related ones were selected after reviewing and re-studying. While investigating the summary and method in those 15, they were filtered more accurately; finally, ten articles were chosen. Inclusion criteria consisted of all related articles and exclusion criteria contained articles that were less related to our research subject after purification or were redundant and not of high quality. Results: This study found that rare blood clot cases and thrombocytopenia were seen despite mild side effects after AstraZeneca injection. After assessing its benefits, adverse effects, and age distribution, the countries using AstraZeneca decided to continue using it. The main difference in reported statistics in these countries is due to the variety in the age and number of people receiving the vaccine. Conclusion: Blood clots and thrombocytopenia are among the rare side effects of the AstraZeneca vaccine. In different countries, the vaccine side effects vary depending on the age and number of participants. Anyway, according to the investigations conducted in this area, the highest records of these side effects are observed in Norway, which is still low. Overall, through studying this study and other similar ones, politicians, managers, and even ordinary people can be informed about the pros and cons of this vaccine

Factors Influencing Cesarean Delivery in Women Referring to the Women's Pregnancy Clinic in Bam, Iran

Background: Cesarean section is a surgery to deliver a baby and remove the placenta and membranes through an incision made on the mother's abdomen and uterus. While the rate of cesarean section is 10-30% of all deliveries in the world, it is 50-65% in Iran. The aim of this study was to identify factors leading to cesarean section in Bam, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 mothers who visited the Women’s Pregnancy Clinic in Bam were enrolled from October 2010 to October 2011. Data was collected by interviewing the women and reviewing their health records. The collected data was analyzed using t-test, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis in SPSS15. Results: Overall, 59% of the deliveries were performed through cesarean sections. There were significant relations between cesarean section and a history of cesarean section, mother’s gestational diabetes, parents’ education level, nonreactive nonstress test, cephalopelvic disproportion, high maternal body mass index, and fear of vaginal delivery. Conclusion: Although cesarean section can save mothers and neonates in emergency situations, non-medical factors such as higher education of parents and mothers' fear of vaginal delivery are also responsible for high rates of this surgery. However, more research in this field is warranted. Keywords: Influential factors, Cesarean, Ira

Trends of incidence of colorectal cancer in Iran, 2003–2010

Introductionand and Background: As the third leadingreason of death, cancers have a special place in the Iranianhealth system. This study to investigate the incidencetrends of colorectal cancer in Iran from 2003 to 2010.Methods: The recorded data for colorectal cancer cases inNational Cancer Registry System were obtained from theCenter for Disease Control &amp; Management of Ministry ofHealth. The codes from 18 to 21 among cancers were selectedfor colon and rectum cancers. The significance of incidencerate trends was tested through Poisson regression.Results: In this study, 38,712 cases of colorectal cancerwere observed for 8 years in Iran, which increased from2882 cases in 2003 to 6,215 cases in 2010. Gender ratioof men to women was 1.26. Significant increasingtrends of colorectal cancer were observed during the periodof the study. The incidence rate increased from 6.22per 100,000 persons in 2003 to 9.99 in 2010 in males(p&lt;0.001), and it increased from 6.74 per 100,000 personsin 2003 to 8.69 in 2010 in females (p&lt;0.001).Conclusion: Colorectal cancer has an increasing trend inIran. The rising trend of colorectal cancer as well as othertypes of cancers is partially due to improvement in cancerregistry systems in the early years of registry. Furthermore,westernized lifestyle and an increase in environmentalrisks could explain this rising trend

Trends of incidence of colorectal cancer in Iran, 2003–2010

Introductionand and Background: As the third leadingreason of death, cancers have a special place in the Iranianhealth system. This study to investigate the incidencetrends of colorectal cancer in Iran from 2003 to 2010.Methods: The recorded data for colorectal cancer cases inNational Cancer Registry System were obtained from theCenter for Disease Control &amp; Management of Ministry ofHealth. The codes from 18 to 21 among cancers were selectedfor colon and rectum cancers. The significance of incidencerate trends was tested through Poisson regression.Results: In this study, 38,712 cases of colorectal cancerwere observed for 8 years in Iran, which increased from2882 cases in 2003 to 6,215 cases in 2010. Gender ratioof men to women was 1.26. Significant increasingtrends of colorectal cancer were observed during the periodof the study. The incidence rate increased from 6.22per 100,000 persons in 2003 to 9.99 in 2010 in males(p&lt;0.001), and it increased from 6.74 per 100,000 personsin 2003 to 8.69 in 2010 in females (p&lt;0.001).Conclusion: Colorectal cancer has an increasing trend inIran. The rising trend of colorectal cancer as well as othertypes of cancers is partially due to improvement in cancerregistry systems in the early years of registry. Furthermore,westernized lifestyle and an increase in environmentalrisks could explain this rising trend

Assessment of the Awareness and Practice of Women vis-à-vis Breast Self-Examination in Fasa in 2011

Background & Objective: Breast cancer is one of the most important causes of women's mortality the world over. Breast self-examination (BSE) is a method that often leads to detect breast cancer in the early stage. This study aimed at assessing the awareness and practice of women in the city of FASA vis-à-vis BSE.  Materials & Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study , 300 women over 15 years old who referred to the health centers of Fasa were chosen via the clustered method. A questionnaire comprising items about the patients’ demographics as well as their awareness and practice regarding BSE was completed for all the study population by a trained midwife through interviews. Subsequently, descriptive statistics , x2, and t-test were employed for analysis using SPSS Software ( version 15) .   Results: Fifty-five per cent of the cases had poor knowledge and 90% had poor practice. There was a significant correlation between knowledge and practice (p value < 0.0001). The highest level of knowledge was found among those with university levels of education. There was also a significant correlation between practice and educational levels (p value < 0.0001).   Conclusion: Given that the majority of the women under study had poor knowledge and function vis-à-vis BSE, it seems advisable that regular and systematic training programs be devised in relation to breast cancer prevention strategies such as practical classes on BSE , breast clinical examination, and mammography in order to raise awareness among women about the need to perform BSE

Comparison of Parenting Style in Single Child and Multiple Children Families

Background and Purpose: Family is the first and the most important structure in human civilization in which social lifestyles, mutual understanding, and compatibility is learned. Studies have shown that parenting style, is one the most important and fundamental factors in personality development. The purpose of this study was comparison of parenting style in single child and multiple children families. Materials and Methods: This study, in total, 152 mothers from Andimeshk city, Iran, were selected by random sampling. Data were collected from a health-care center was chosen randomly, mothers who had 5-7 years old children were enrolled in this study. The data collecting tool was the questionnaire which investigates permissive, authoritative, and authoritarian parenting styles in parents. After data entry in SPSS software, the collected data were analyzed by ANOVA, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation test. Results: The mean age of the participants was 32.71 &plusmn; 5.39 years old participated in this study. 69 mothers (45.4%) had one child, 53 (34.9%) had 2 children, and 30 mothers (19.7%) had 3 and more children. The mean score of permissive parenting style was 19.97 &plusmn; 5.13 in single child families; the mean score of authoritative (19.56 &plusmn; 4.70) and authoritarian parenting style (34.50 &plusmn; 2.81) that difference was significantly (P < 0.050). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that having more children would make parents more logical and paves the way for upbringing children. Therefore, it is recommended to plan some educational programs about this issue for parents

The Association between Birth Weight, Height and Some Maternal Risk Factors

Background and purpose: Since a large proportion of fetal mortality is associated with low birth weight (LBW) and regarding that fetal development is a vulnerable process influenced by maternal risk factors, this study examined some maternal risk factors associated with LBW infants. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted based on the medical files of 300 infants born in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels Sajjadieh Arjomand Health Care Center, Kerman County, Iran. The required data were registered in a predeveloped checklist. The data were analyzed by SPSS Software using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean weight of the infants was 3.22 &plusmn; 0.36 kg, the mean height 48.4 &plusmn; 0.3 cm, and the mean head circumference 35.00 &plusmn; 1.74 cm. The results indicated a significant association of the parity, maternal weight gain, pregnancy-induced hypertension, type of pregnancy (planned or unplanned), and abortion history with the birth weight (P < 0.050). Conclusion: Regarding the findings of this study, health centers should study the risk factors before and during pregnancy more seriously. Many risks for LBW can be identified before pregnancy occurs