371 research outputs found
Accelerating Cosmologies from S-Branes
We point out that the recently proposed model of a flat 4-dimensional
universe with accelerated expansion in string/M-theory is a special case of
time-dependent solutions that the author found under the name of ``S-branes.''
We also show that similar accelerating models can be obtained from S-branes if
the internal space is chosen to be hyperbolic or flat spaces.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, comments added, a typo corrected, final version
to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
AdS/CFT Correspondence with a 3D Black Hole Simulator
The AdS/CFT correspondence has been insightful for high-energy and condensed
matter physics alike. An application of this correspondence is the duality
between the entanglement entropy of Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes and
lower-dimensional conformal field theories (CFT). To explicitly demonstrate
this correspondence we simulate the effect a 3D black hole geometry has on
Dirac fields by employing a square lattice of fermions with inhomogeneous
tunnelling couplings. Simulating a 3D BTZ black hole horizon, we numerically
obtain an area law behaviour that is in agreement with the corresponding 2D CFT
with a central charge that depends on the cosmological constant of the AdS
space. A systematic numerical investigation of various 3D black hole profiles
suggests that all 3D black holes give an entropic behaviour that can be
represented by the same CFT.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
AdS/CFT correspondence with a three-dimensional black hole simulator
One of the key applications of AdS/CFT correspondence is the duality it dictates between the entanglement entropy of anti–de Sitter (AdS) black holes and lower-dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs). Here we employ a square lattice of fermions with inhomogeneous tunneling couplings that simulate the effect rotationally symmetric three-dimensional (3D) black holes have on Dirac fields. When applied to 3D Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black holes we identify the parametric regime where the theoretically predicted two-dimensional CFT faithfully describes the black hole entanglement entropy. With the help of the universal simulator, we further demonstrate that a large family of 3D black holes exhibit the same ground-state entanglement entropy behavior as the BTZ black hole. The simplicity of our simulator enables direct numerical investigation of a wide variety of 3D black holes and the possibility to experimentally realize it with optical lattice technology
Non-Standard Intersections of S-Branes in D=11 Supergravity
We construct new intersecting S-brane solutions in 11-dimensional
supergravity which do not have supersymmetric analogs. They are obtained by
letting brane charges to be proportional to each other. Solutions fall into two
categories with respect to whether there is a non-diagonal term to be cancelled
in the field equations or not. In each case we show that they can be
constructed by using a simple set of rules which is similar to the harmonic
function rule of the usual static p-branes. Furthermore, we study an
intersection where the Chern-Simons term makes a non-zero contribution to the
field equations. We show that this configuration has a singularity like other
S-branes.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures;v2 Section 2.2 is improved with new examples,
references added;v3 typos correcte
Cytotoxic Effect of Turkish Propolis on Liver, Colon, Breast, Cervix and Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
Purpose: To investigate the total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant power and cytotoxic activity of ethanol extracts of Turkish propolis (EEP).Methods: The total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents of EEP were determined by spectrometric methods. Antioxidant power and cytotoxic activity of EEP were evaluated using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and MTT assays, respectively.Results: The total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents, and FRAP value of EEP were 124.6 ± 1.5 mg gallic acid/g sample dry weight , 42.0 ± 0.8 mg quercetin/g sample dry weight and 311.0 ± 2.5 mg trolox/g sample dry weight, respectively. EEP exhibited powerful cytotoxic effects against the five human cancer cell lines. The highest cytotoxic activity of Turkish EEP was demonstrated on PC-3 cell line (IC50 = 20.7±3.4 μg/mL).Conclusion: The results demonstrate that EEP is a good source of antioxidant and a natural antitumor agent capable of reducing cancer cell proliferation.Keywords: Propolis, Polyphenols, Cytotoxic effect, Cancer cell lines, Antioxidant activity Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research is indexed by Science Citation Index (SciSearch)
Anti-de-Sitter Island-Universes from 5D Standing Waves
We construct simple standing wave solutions in a 5D space-time with a ghost
scalar field. The nodes of these standing waves are 'islands' of 4D Minkowski
space-time. For the 5D model with increasing (decreasing) warp factor there are
a finite (infinite) number of nodes and thus Minkowski island-universes having
different parameters, such as gravitational and cosmological constants. This
feature is similar to the assumptions of the landscape models, which postulate
a large number of universes with different parameters. This standing wave
solution also provides a new localization mechanism - matter fields can reside
only on Minkowski 'islands', where the background space-time does not
oscillate.Comment: 14 page pre-print format. Discussion about connection to Weyl gravity
added and "E&M" localization method added. To be published MPL
S-brane Actions
We derive effective actions for Spacelike branes (S-branes) and find a
solution describing the formation of fundamental strings in the rolling tachyon
background. The S-brane action is a Dirac-Born-Infeld action for Euclidean
worldvolumes defined in the context of time-dependent tachyon condensation of
non-BPS branes. It includes gauge fields and in particular a scalar field
associated with translation along the time direction. We show that the BIon
spike solutions constructed in this system correspond to the production of a
confined electric flux tube (a fundamental string) at late time of the rolling
tachyon.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure. References added, typos correcte
De novo Renal Transplantation after Kaposi Sarcoma: Favorable Outcome in a Patient Receiving Sirolimus and Mycophenolate-Based Immunosuppression
Immunosuppressive treatment increases the risk of infection and malignancy in organ transplant recipients. We report on a 42-year-old male renal transplant recipient who lost his first graft after reduction of immunosuppressive treatment due to Kaposi sarcoma and who successfully underwent a second renal transplant 10 years later. The patient's current treatment consists of low-dose prednisone, and the two antiproliferative immunosuppressants mycophenolate mofetil and rapamycin. 4.5 years after his second transplant, the serum creatinine is 1 mg/dl and the patient has no signs of recurrent disease
Calabi-Yau Fourfolds with Flux and Supersymmetry Breaking
In Calabi-Yau fourfold compactifications of M-theory with flux, we
investigate the possibility of partial supersymmetry breaking in the
three-dimensional effective theory. To this end, we place the effective theory
in the framework of general N=2 gauged supergravities, in the special case
where only translational symmetries are gauged. This allows us to extract
supersymmetry-breaking conditions, and interpret them as conditions on the
4-form flux and Calabi-Yau geometry. For N=2 unbroken supersymmetry in three
dimensions we recover previously known results, and we find a new condition for
breaking supersymmetry from N=2 to N=1, i.e. from four to two supercharges. An
example of a Calabi-Yau hypersurface in a toric variety that satisfies this
condition is provided.Comment: 26 page
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