Investigations on Energy Efficiency for WSN Routing Protocols for Realistic Radio Models

In this paper, we have extended the Prowler simulator by integrating different realistic radio models into it and comparatively analyzed the effect of the channel behavior on the network layer specifically the WSN routing protocols. The simulation results indicate that the CF protocol consumes the highest energy amongst all the protocols in case of RMGMF while RTS protocol has the highest energy efficiency in case of NRM. Thus it has been concluded that the RTS protocol can be applied to achieve energy efficient routing in wireless sensor networks

Analysis of bioactive phytochemicals and evaluation of antioxidant activity of a medicinal plant, Boerhaavia diffusa L.

Boerhaavia diffusa L. (Family: Nyctaginaceae) commonly known as Punarnava is an herbaceous, spreading vine widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions in the world. The plants are a rich source of vitamins, minerals, protein and carbohydrate. The present study was carried out to determine the concentration of some bioactive phytochemicals (ascorbic acid,carotenoids, total phenolics, protein and carbohydrate) and their antioxidant activity in punarnava. Results showed the values for ascorbic acid (16.75±1.72 and 18.86±1.12 mg/100g of Fresh Weight), carotenoids (1.36±0.10 and 1.98±0.11 ìg/g of Fresh Weight), protein (122.975±6.27 and 134.45±6.23 mg/g of dry weight) and carbohydrate (56.67±5.77 and 60.11±5.23 mg/g of dry weight) for aqueous and methanolic of root extracts of B.diffusa respectively. Methanolic root extracts showed greater antioxidant activity than the aqueous extracts using DPPH method

Costochondral Grafts in the treatment of Temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a Clinical Study

Background: Treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis usually requires adequate excision of the involved ankylotic block (arthroplasty) without interposing any material (gap arthroplasty) or interpositional arthroplasty using autogenous or alloplastic materials. The objective of this paper was to note the potential of the costochondral graft (CCGs) as an interpositional material and to see whether they induce normal growth potential in the reconstructed mandible. Materials and method: The ankylosed temporomandibular joint was reached by a preauricular incision with or without angulation and exposed. In the first 4 cases, arthroplasty was done using a bur. The bony mass was detached of its muscle attachments and removed. In the 5th case, condylectomy was performed. In all cases, this was followed by immediate costochondral grafting. Results: The maximal incisal opening in the pre-operative period ranged from 0- 2mm and in the immediate post- operative period from 15- 20mm. at the end of the follow up period it ranged from 20- 35 mm. The increase in SNB angle, SND angle, ramus length and mandibular body length all showed linear growth of mandible on the side where costochondral grafting was done. Conclusion: The articular reconstruction with costochondral grafts for the treatment of TMJ ankylosis is efficient in relation to post- operative maximal incisal opening, recurrence and articular function

Higher Education in India: Structure, Statistics and Challenges

India's education system is often cited as one of the main contributors to the economic rise of India. The size of India's higher education market is about $40 billion per year. Presently about 12.4 percent of students go for higher education from the country. If India were to increase that figure of 12.4% to 30%, then it would need another 800 to one thousand universities and over 40,000 colleges in the next 10 years. This paper presents the development and present scenario of higher education in India by analyzing the various data and also identifies the key challenges that India's higher education sector is facing. This paper also presents the key initiatives by the government and recommendations to meet these challenges. The ideas presented in this paper were initially presented at the International conference on India Emerging, held at IBA, Greater Noida, India, Feb 24-25, 2011. Keywords: Higher Education, Knowledge Economy, Technical Education, Universit

Placental abruption at 18 weeks of gestation: a rare case report

Placental abruption is one of several notable obstetrical entities that may be complicated by massive and sometimes torrential hemorrhage. Hypovolemic shock is caused by maternal blood loss. Delayed or incomplete treatment of hypovolemia with severe placental abruption can cause acute kidney injury, disseminated intravascular coagulation. Placental abruption is most commonly seen after 24 weeks of pregnancy and it is very rare before 20 weeks of pregnancy. Here, we report a case of life-threatening placental abruption at 18 weeks of gestation.

Sericin based bioactive coating for polyester fabric

In this study, a process has been developed for durable coating of sericin on polyester. Pre modification of polyester with alkali (sodium hydroxide) has been carried out to incorporate polar entities on its inert surface. 10g/L of sericin with 30mL/L of glutaraldehyde, cured at 130°C for 2min has been optimized for its application on modified surface. Treated samples are tested for surface smoothness, moisture retention, wicking, antistat and antioxidant characteristics. Results show that polyester fabric surface becomes smoother as well as highly hydrophilic on application of sericin. Wicking properties are enhanced greatly and antisat property is improved along with the radical quenching property. These results can be used to prepare fabric having unique properties of enhanced smoothness, hygroscopicity, high wicking and radical quenching which make it suitable for applications in skin moisturizing, skin healing and anti-ageing. These results indicate that sericin can be used to develop a durable and bioactive finish on polyester for use in medical and sports garments

Migration of Skilled Professionals from Developing Countries: Study of India

This paper is focused on the socio-economic analysis on skilled labour migration from India to Unites states and its impact on India. To complete this aim, research design were made that enables to come up with solutions to the problem encountered during the research. The analysis in this work is based on primary data obtained from samples of qualified (skilled) migrants of India. The findings from this study suggest that the skilled labour migration does make contributions to the development of India in terms of human capital; the most important contributions were in technology transfer, remittances, entrepreneurship, philanthropy and social networking. Keywords: International migration, remittances, brain-drain, socio-economic analysis, diaspor

Surgical treatment of congenital malenocytic nevus of cheek in adult: an interesting case report

Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a rare disease, which is present from birth. CMN has pigmented surface and hairs. CMN are classified in three types according to their size, small size less than 2 cm, medium size 2-20 cm and large or giant size more than 20 cm. If CMN is present over the cheek it causes significant aesthetic deformity. It poses a great challenge to aesthetic and reconstruction surgeon to excise and reconstruct this lesion over the cheek. Cheek is central facial unit and make the largest part of face. Here author presents a case of 20 years old young female who had medium size congenital melanocytic nevi over the left cheek at malar aesthetic subunit. Author planned a single stage excision followed by primary closure. Wound healed well without any complication and sutureline was camouflaged in left nasolabial crease with good aesthetic result

Novel method for biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using melanin and its application on wool to impart antimicrobial activity

A novel method for biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using a polyphenolic pigment (melanin) has been proposed to impart antimicrobial properties to wool fabric. A diphenolic catechol has been combined with potato juice to produce melanin, which is used as a simultaneous reducing and dispersing agent for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The process variables used for the synthesis of melanin have been optimized to produce melanin with maximum reduction potential. The synthesized silver nanoparticles are then characterized and quantified. The optimum conditions used for the synthesis of melanin are found to be 0.1% catechol, 25% potato juice, 6.5 pH, 95˚C temperature and 45 min treatment time. Spherical shaped silver nanoparticles with average sizes of 35 nm and 50 nm are obtained and then applied on wool fabrics by exhaustion method to observe antimicrobial effect. It is observed that the treated wool has excellent antimicrobial activity against both the Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) bacteria

The Effect of Metro Expansions on Air Pollution in Delhi

The Delhi Metro (DM) is a mass rapid transit system serving the National Capital Region of India. It is also the world’s first rail project to earn carbon credits under the Clean Development Mechanism of the United Nations for reductions in CO2 emissions. Did the DM also lead to localized reduction in three transportation source pollutants? Looking at the period 2004–2006, one of the larger rail extensions of the DM led to a 34 percent reduction in localized CO at a major traffic intersection in the city. Results for NO2 are also suggestive of a decline, while those for PM25 are inconclusive due to missing data. These impacts of pollutant reductions are for the short run. A complete accounting of all long run costs and benefits should be done before building capital intensive metro rail projects