Digital Transformation of Indigenous Culture in Covid-19

This study will assess the role of social media in the construction of social and community identity. The study is based on the Nyishi community, one of the indigenous communities from Arunachal Pradesh, the North-eastern state of India. I am keenly interested in the participation of Nyishi people on Facebook because most of the people from this community use Facebook and find it user-friendly, unlike Twitter or Instagram. Based on my 2016-17 ethnographic study on the Nyishi community, Facebook or any other social media was not a relevant topic for the Nyishi people. The popularity of Facebook among the Nyishi is a recent phenomenon, and people find it simple and user-friendly. Since more people are participating and using Facebook, I found Facebook is an ideal platform to measure the influence of technology on Nyishi culture and society. The novelty of this research lies in the Nyishi community's transitions due to the influence of social media on them. When the world is grappling with the Covid-19 situations and physical interaction of human beings is prohibited, this indigenous community from North-East India found social media platforms more exciting and interactive. They have been organizing online folklore competitions on their Facebook page and attracting people to participate actively. This innovative way of circulation and preservation of cultural heritage is commendable. In this study, I analyze both contents and comments from their Facebook page by using the Voyant tool. The analysis on the Voyant tool provides information about the most debated and discussed topic on their Facebook page, which gives us an idea about their cultural heritage and sentiment attached to it. It has also used GIS and Mapping to locate the most and least number of participants in Arunachal Pradesh. It will also give us a clear picture of the demographic distribution of the Nyishi community in Arunachal Pradesh

Total laparoscopic hysterectomy in patients with previous caesarean section: experience at a tertiary care center in India

Background: With a surge in the rate of caesarean deliveries, the number of patients undergoing hysterectomy with a previous caesarean section for gynecological complaints has also increased. The presence of intra-abdominal and bladder adhesions to the uterus is the main concern in such cases, resulting in higher complication rates. This study aimed to determine the challenges and complications encountered during TLH in patients with previous caesarean sections. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study analysing data from the medical records of 243 patients who had undergone TLH for various gynecological conditions in a single tertiary care center from January 2018 to January 2021. Patients were categorized into two groups namely no previous CS (n=193) and previous CS (n=50). The surgical outcomes of those patients including major complications were measured. Results: The clinical characteristics of the two groups were comparable except for the patient’s age with younger patients in the previous CS group (p=0.001). There was no difference in terms of surgical indications, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and hospital stay between the groups. Operating time was significantly more in the previous CS group (p=0.001). One patient sustained a bladder injury in a previous CS group. The conversion rates to laparotomy in the previous CS and no CS groups were not statistically significant. Significant hemorrhage requiring blood transfusion was noted in two patients (4%) in the previous CS group and one (0.51%) patient in the no CS group (p=0.108). Conclusions: TLH can be safely performed with lower complication rates by an experienced surgeon in patients with prior history of caesarean section

The first 20 months of the COVID-19 pandemic: Mortality, intubation and ICU rates among 104,590 patients hospitalized at 21 United States health systems

Main objective There is limited information on how patient outcomes have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study characterizes changes in mortality, intubation, and ICU admission rates during the first 20 months of the pandemic. Study design and methods University of Wisconsin researchers collected and harmonized electronic health record data from 1.1 million COVID-19 patients across 21 United States health systems from February 2020 through September 2021. The analysis comprised data from 104,590 adult hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Inclusion criteria for the analysis were: (1) age 18 years or older; (2) COVID-19 ICD-10 diagnosis during hospitalization and/or a positive COVID-19 PCR test in a 14-day window (+/- 7 days of hospital admission); and (3) health system contact prior to COVID-19 hospitalization. Outcomes assessed were: (1) mortality (primary), (2) endotracheal intubation, and (3) ICU admission. Results and significance The 104,590 hospitalized participants had a mean age of 61.7 years and were 50.4% female, 24% Black, and 56.8% White. Overall risk-standardized mortality (adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, body mass index, insurance status and medical comorbidities) declined from 16% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients (95% CI: 16% to 17%) early in the pandemic (February-April 2020) to 9% (CI: 9% to 10%) later (July-September 2021). Among subpopulations, males (vs. females), those on Medicare (vs. those on commercial insurance), the severely obese (vs. normal weight), and those aged 60 and older (vs. younger individuals) had especially high mortality rates both early and late in the pandemic. ICU admission and intubation rates also declined across these 20 months. Conclusions Mortality, intubation, and ICU admission rates improved markedly over the first 20 months of the pandemic among adult hospitalized COVID-19 patients although gains varied by subpopulation. These data provide important information on the course of COVID-19 and identify hospitalized patient groups at heightened risk for negative outcomes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04506528 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04506528)

P. vivax malaria presenting as shock an unusual manifestation: Case series

Shock as a manifestation of Plasmodium vivax infection is rarely reported. Four children aged 8 – 12 years with severe vivax malaria presented with shock. Thrombocytopenia was detected in all cases. There were no bleed from any site. Diagnosis of P. vivax was made by blood smear and rapid diagnostic tests. All patients did not responded to initial fluid boluses and improved on steroid and anti malarial therapy being artesunate combination therapy

Association of vitamin-D with hypothyroidism in adult female patients in north Indian population

Background: Thyroid disorder is found to be most commonly occurring endocrine disorder in females. Thyroid hormones have an imperative position in metabolic methods in human body, and several physiological and pathological stimuli are known to influence thyroid metabolism. The increased incidence of hypovitaminosis D was diagnosed in population with hypothyroidism. Objective: To check the relation of Vitamin D in adult female patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Method: We recruited 60 patients and divided these patients into two groups, Group-1- Hypothyroidism patients (n=30) and Group-2- Control patients (n=30). Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), total Triiodothyronine (T3), total Thyroxine (T4), and Vitamin D levels were estimated by automated method in Abbott ARCHITECT ci8200 machine. Results: In the present study we found patients with hypothyroidism 73.3% (n=22) has low level of Vitamin D while 26.6% (n=8) of population have normal level of Vitamin D. We could not find significant association between Vitamin D and hypothyroidism (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study concluded that hypothyroidism has no significant role in lowering the levels of Vitamin D but we also emphasize the fact that Vitamin D should be done as routine investigation in healthy as well as hypothyroidism patients as its value was also less in control subjects

Pelvic and peritoneal hydatidosis: An uncommon presentation of the common entity

Key Clinical Message The pelvic and peritoneal hydatidosis occurs mostly after the traumatic rupture or surgical spillage of Echinococcus from liver or spleen. The treatment is surgical aiming to eradicate local disease, preventing complications, and reducing recurrences. Abstract We report a unique case of a 26‐year‐old male who presented with acute urinary retention and abdominal distention. Later, CT‐urography revealed peritoneal and pelvic hydatidosis behind this presentation, which was managed surgically

Association of the C allele of rs479200 in the EGLN1 gene with COVID-19 severity in Indian population: a novel finding

Abstract The present study investigated two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)—rs479200 and rs516651 in the host EGLN1/PHD2 gene for their association with COVID-19 severity. A retrospective cohort of 158 COVID-19 patients from the Indian population (March 2020 to June 2021) was enrolled. Notably, the frequency of C allele (0.664) was twofold higher than T allele (0.336) in severe COVID-19 patients. Here, we report a novel finding that the C allele of rs479200 in the EGLN1 gene imparts a high risk of severe COVID-19 (odds ratio—6.214 (1.84–20.99) p = 0.003; 9.421 (2.019–43.957) p = 0.004), in additive inheritance model (adjusted and unadjusted, respectively)