Welfare reform, surveillance and new paternalism

This paper discusses the situation of welfare claimants, often constructed as faulty citizens and flawed welfare subjects. Many are on the receiving end of complex, multi-layered forms of surveillance aimed at securing socially responsible and compliant behaviours. In Australia, as in other Western countries, neoliberal economic regimes with their harsh and often repressive treatment of welfare recipients operate in tandem with a burgeoning and costly arsenal of CCTV and other surveillance and governance assemblages. The Australian Government’s Centrelink BasicsCard is but one example of welfare surveillance, whereby a percentage of a welfare claimant’s allowances must be spent on ‘approved’ items. The BasicsCard which has perhaps slipped under the radar of public discussion and is expanding nationally, raises significant questions about whether it is possible to encourage people to take responsibility for themselves if they no longer have real control over the most important aspects of their lives. Resistance and critical feedback, particularly from Indigenous people, points to a loss of dignity around the imposition of income management, operational complexity and denial of individual agency in using the BasicsCard, alongside the contradiction of apparently becoming ‘self-reliant’ through being income managed by the welfare state. This paper highlights the lack of solid evidence for the implementation/imposition of the BasicsCard and points to the importance of developing critically based research to inform the enactment of evidence based policy, also acting as a touchstone for governmental accountability. In highlighting issues around the BasicsCard this paper makes a contribution to the largely under discussed area of income management and the growth of welfare surveillance in Australia

Anchoring historical sequences using a new source of astro-chronological tie-points

The discovery of past spikes in atmospheric radiocarbon activity, caused by major solar energetic particle events, has opened up new possibilities for high-precision chronometry. The two spikes, or Miyake Events, have now been widely identified in tree-rings that grew in the years 775 and 994 CE. Furthermore, all other plant material that grew in these years would also have incorporated the anomalously high concentrations of radiocarbon. Crucially, some plant-based artefacts, such as papyrus documents, timber beams and linen garments, can also be allocated to specific positions within long, currently unfixed, historical sequences. Thus, Miyake Events represent a new source of tie-points that could provide the means for anchoring early chronologies to the absolute timescale. Here, we explore this possibility, outlining the most expeditious approaches, the current challenges and obstacles, and how they might best be overcome.Comment: 11 pages, accepted to Royal Society Proc

RAH 2016 Training Projections

Republic Airlines plans on approximately 700 pilots completing flight training in 2016

Doctor of Philosophy

dissertationCharter schools have become an important aspect of Utah's unique K-12 education system as they have increased in both popularity and number in recent years. The increase of charter schools has allowed for a higher degree of parental choice regarding their children's education as well as various effects on the traditional public schools. Economic theory suggests that increased competition may influence firms to increase quality and/or decrease price. The question remains if the same holds for the education market in Utah. Nationwide existing evidence in the literature is mixed, where many studies have shown positive competitive effects of charters on public schools while a few others have shown negative or negligible competitive effects. Further analysis for the Utah education market is therefore warranted. This research identifies and analyzes the competitive effects of charter schools on the academic achievement of students in traditional public schools (K-6) in Utah. School-level criterionreferenced test (CRT) scores serve as a measure of academic achievement for the years 2005 through 2010. For completeness, two broadly-accepted measures of competition are utilized. Results suggest positive and significant competitive effects on traditional public school achievement in the subjects of Language Arts and Science, and negative but mostly not significant effects on Mathematics

Don’t Touch that String! There Went the Databases

Web discovery tools can change not only the way users search and retrieve information, but also, how libraries and librarians work with information. When the University of North Florida implemented web scale discovery tools, we discovered that the technical implementation was challenging, but the most difficult changes were related to the library culture. Our students were “early adopters” moving from over 26 different entry points to finding most library materials in one search. But our staff and faculty were more resistant to the change. Technical challenges related to implementation included coordinating the various technology pieces to customize the search interface, convert link resolvers, and to maintain interaction with the proxy server. Because of the complicated nature of web-scale discovery, we learned that no matter how much you prepare for implementation, there will be new and unexpected issues to resolve. Solutions for these problems require input from external entities and not just the library. Cultural challenges involved library faculty and staff that had the perception that the discovery tool did not produce comparable results to a search done directly in a specific database. When we analyzed this issue, we found that not only did the discovery tool return more accurate results, but also more relevant results. In addition, the results were from databases faculty and staff would not have normally thought to use. The issue then demonstrated the need for more training for library faculty and staff to learn how to refine searches in the discovery tool to achieve maximum results. By implementing web scale, we essentially untied the string that contained our expectations and experience regarding how search engines work and how users interact with them--and this unraveled all our previously held assumptions about how the library provides research service. The University of North Florida Library’s internet presence consisted of access points to over 300 databases which were available to users only by subject grouping and alphabetized lists. The Library realized that we were limiting access to content by forcing users to choose a database before starting a search. Therefore, relevant content in databases that the user might not think to search was excluded. Additionally, it was difficult to becomingly increasingly difficult to maintain the subject access approach using a list. In the past, UNF Library had dabbled unsuccessfully with federated search services. We chose to look for a technical solution that could unite our databases, make access to content easy, and make searching less cumbersome for our users. So we chose to look at new web scale discovery tools to answer our needs. We looked at emerging library discovery tools such as EDS by EBSCO, Summon by Serials Solutions, and Primo Central by Ex Libris

CHRONOscope: application for the interactive visualization of carbon-14 and beryllium-10 atmospheric data

Information about the global climate, the carbon cycle, changes in solar activity, and a number of other atmospheric processes are preserved in the carbon-14 and the beryllium-10 records. However, these isotope datasets are large and cumbersome to work with. We have designed a self-contained, easy-to-use application that allows for more efficient analysis of different periods and patterns of interest. For several applications in atmospheric modelling, a pre-processing stage is applied to the isotope datasets in order to interpolate the data and mitigate their low temporal resolution. In CHRONOscope, we included linear and non-linear methods of interpolation with interactive parameter optimization. The resultant interpolated data can be extracted for further use. The main functionalities of CHRONOscope include the importation and superimposition of external data, quick navigation through the data with the use of markers, expression of the carbon-14 results in both Δ14C and yr BP form, separation of the data by source, and the visualization of associated error bars. We make this free software available in standalone applications for both Windows and Mac operating systems