Cuatro nuevas especies de gusanos plumero (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) de localidades mundiales

Four new species of soft-bottom sabellid polychaetes are described and illustrated. Branchiomma costaricensis n. sp. is described from 31 m depth off Isla del Coco, Costa Rica; Dialychone arabica n. sp. from 105 m depth in the Arabian Sea; Dialychone blakei n. sp. from 487 m depth off Louisiana in the Gulf of México and Paradialychone harrisae n. sp. from 30 m depth in southern California. Branchiomma costaricensis n. sp. is characterized by having microstylodes with the median pair 1.5 times longer than neighbouring pairs, thoracic uncini with two rows of teeth above the main fang, an unspotted body and large interramal eyespots. Dialychone arabica n. sp. has the anterior peristomial ring lobe exposed beyond the collar and a pre-pygidial depression occupying eight segments. In D. blakei n. sp., the anterior peristomial ring lobe is not exposed beyond the collar, the pre-pygidial depression occupies the last four segments and the posterior segments possess thin elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. Paradialychone harrisae n. sp. differs from the other species of the genus in having the anterior peristomial ring lobe bilobed and exposed beyond the collar, a rectangular ventral collar shield and paleate chaetae with a long mucro.Se describen e ilustran cuatro nuevas especies de poliquetos sabélidos de fondos blandos. Branchiomma costaricensis n. sp. es descrita para la Isla del Coco, Costa Rica, a 31 m de profundidad; Dialychone arabica n. sp. para el Mar de Arabia a 105 m; Dialychone blakei n. sp. frente a Louisiana en el Golfo de México a 487 m y Paradialychone harrisae n. sp. para el sur de California a 30 m. Branchiomma costaricensis n. sp. se caracteriza por presentar microstilodos con el par medio 1.5X más largo que los vecinos, uncinos torácicos con dos hileras de dientes sobre el diente principal, cuerpo amaculado y manchas interramales grandes. Dialychone arabica n. sp. tiene el lóbulo del anillo peristomial anterior expuesto sobre el collar y la depresión pre-pigidial ocupa ocho segmentos. En D. blakei n. sp., el lóbulo del anillo peristomial anterior no está expuesto sobre el collar, la depresión pre-pigidial está formada por cuatro segmentos y los segmentos posteriores poseen setas extremadamente largas. Paradialychone harrisae n. sp. difiere de otras especies del género por presentar el lóbulo del anillo peristomial anterior bilobulado y expuesto sobre el collar, un cojinete ventral del collar rectangular y setas paleadas con mucro largo

Occurrence of the Phoronid Phoronopsis albomaculata in Cocos Island, Costa Rica.

v. ill. 23 cm.QuarterlyThe phoronid Phoronopsis albomaculata was collected in subtidal (28– 35 m) sandy sediments in Bahı´a Chatham during a benthic survey designed to describe the biota of Cocos Island (Isla del Coco), Costa Rica, a national park and Human Heritage Site. Occurrence of this widespread species in Cocos Island is the first report of a phoronid for Costa Rican waters and is the second locality recorded for the eastern Pacific. Taxonomically significant characters (presence of an epidermal collar, extent of coiling of lophophore and nephridia) are discussed. Comparisons are made between depth and abundance of this species from Cocos Island and results of previous studies

The charges for ESRD treatment of diabetics

To evaluate the differential charges for treating end-stage renal disease (ESRD) associated with diabetes mellitus, Medicare billing data are analyzed. The charges of 244 patients in the Michigan Kidney Registry identified as having (ESRD) from diabetes are compared with charges of 902 nondiabetic patients. Average annual charges for ESRD treatment for diabetics are $29,671 (+/-27,662) which are$4695 (+/-1344) higher than charges for nondiabetics. The majority of the difference (84.3%) is attributable to higher inpatient hospital charges. Most of the remainder (14.5%) is attributable to higher physician and medical supply charges. Charges for treatment of diabetics are higher on all modalities of treatment, but differences are not significant among modalities.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/28133/1/0000584.pd

Small Platforms, High Return: The Need to Enhance Investment in Small Satellites for Focused Science, Career Development, and Improved Equity

In the next decade, there is an opportunity for very high return on investment of relatively small budgets by elevating the priority of smallsat funding in heliophysics. We've learned in the past decade that these missions perform exceptionally well by traditional metrics, e.g., papers/year/\$M (Spence et al. 2022 -- arXiv:2206.02968). It is also well established that there is a "leaky pipeline" resulting in too little diversity in leadership positions (see the National Academies Report at https://www.nationalacademies.org/our-work/increasing-diversity-in-the-leadership-of-competed-space-missions). Prioritizing smallsat funding would significantly increase the number of opportunities for new leaders to learn -- a crucial patch for the pipeline and an essential phase of career development. At present, however, there are far more proposers than the available funding can support, leading to selection ratios that can be as low as 6% -- in the bottom 0.5th percentile of selection ratios across the history of ROSES. Prioritizing SmallSat funding and substantially increasing that selection ratio are the fundamental recommendations being made by this white paper.Comment: White paper submitted to the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033; 6 pages, 1 figur

Natural Variation in an ABC Transporter Gene Associated with Seed Size Evolution in Tomato Species

Seed size is a key determinant of evolutionary fitness in plants and is a trait that often undergoes tremendous changes during crop domestication. Seed size is most often quantitatively inherited, and it has been shown that Sw4.1 is one of the most significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying the evolution of seed size in the genus Solanum—especially in species related to the cultivated tomato. Using a combination of genetic, developmental, molecular, and transgenic techniques, we have pinpointed the cause of the Sw4.1 QTL to a gene encoding an ABC transporter gene. This gene exerts its control on seed size, not through the maternal plant, but rather via gene expression in the developing zygote. Phenotypic effects of allelic variation at Sw4.1 are manifested early in seed development at stages corresponding to the rapid deposition of starch and lipids into the endospermic cells. Through synteny, we have identified the Arabidopsis Sw4.1 ortholog. Mutagenesis has revealed that this ortholog is associated with seed length variation and fatty acid deposition in seeds, raising the possibility that the ABC transporter may modulate seed size variation in other species. Transcription studies show that the ABC transporter gene is expressed not only in seeds, but also in other tissues (leaves and roots) and, thus, may perform functions in parts of the plants other than developing seeds. Cloning and characterization of the Sw4.1 QTL gives new insight into how plants change seed during evolution and may open future opportunities for modulating seed size in crop plants for human purposes

Taxonomic review of three Species of Sipuncula (Golfingiidae, Phascolosomatidae, Themistidae) from the Eastern Pacific Ocean

Based on our examination of type material plus additional specimens, it is concluded that Thysanocardia melanium Popkov is a junior synonym of the northern Pacific T. nigra Ikeda, with a tentacular crown pigmented in many but not all members of the population, and the shape of its nuchal organ may resemble a bicycle seat, a heart, or a thick-sided V. Apionsoma (Phadeonis) claviformes Popkov is shown to be a junior synonym of A. murinae bilobatae Cutler, this subgenus therefore becomes a nomen nudum. Themiste ( Themiste) maculosum Popkov is a valid new species from the Sea of Japan

A study of planting time applications for greenbug control on grain sorghum

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industrie

Marine biodiversity of Costa Rica: Class Polychaeta (Annelida)

Three hundred and thirty two species of polychaetes belonging to 50 families are reported for Costa Rica based on previously published reports. In a few families, available material was re-examined and appropriate changes in species identifications were made. Only three species, (Glycera oxycephala Ehlers, 1887; Hemipodia pustulata (Friedrich 1956); and Scolepis (Scolepis) squamata (Müller, 1806)) have been reported from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica, and these three species have also been reported from the Pacific Coast. The families with more than 15 species are the Spionidae (26), Cirratulidae (24), Nereididae (21), Lumbrineridae (19) and Paraonidae (16). Despite extensive sampling on the Pacific coast over the last 25 years, the Costa Rican polychaete fauna, especially that of the Caribbean coast, remains poorly knownUn total de 332 especies de poliquetos pertenecientes a 50 familias han sido informados para Costa Rica con base en publicaciones. En unas pocas familias, el material disponible fue re-examinado y se hizo los cambios apropiados en la identificación de las especies. Solamente tres especies (Glycera oxycephala Ehlers, 1887; Hemipodia pustulata (Friedrich 1956); y Scolepis (Scolepis) squamata (Muller, 1806)) han sido reportados para la costa del Caribe de Costa Rica y estas especies también están presentes en la costa Pacifica. Las familias con más de 15 especies son: Spionidae (26), Cirratulidae (24), Nereididae (21 ), Lumbrineridae (19) y Paraonidae (16). No obstante el intenso esfuerzo de colecta hecho en la costa Pacífica durante los últimos 25 años, la fauna de poliquetos de Costa Rica, especialmente la de la costa Caribe, permanece poco conocid