Wavelets and the squeezed states of quantum optics

Wavelets are new mathematical objects which act as 'designer trigonometric functions.' To obtain a wavelet, the original function space of finite energy signals is generalized to a phase-space, and the translation operator in the original space has a scale change in the new variable adjoined to the translation. Localization properties in the phase-space can be improved and unconditional bases are obtained for a broad class of function and distribution spaces. Operators in phase space are 'almost diagonal' instead of the traditional condition of being diagonal in the original function space. These wavelets are applied to the squeezed states of quantum optics. The scale change required for a quantum wavelet is shown to be a Yuen squeeze operator acting on an arbitrary density operator

Double simple-harmonic-oscillator formulation of the thermal equilibrium of a fluid interacting with a coherent source of phonons

A formulation is given for a collection of phonons (sound) in a fluid at a non-zero temperature which uses the simple harmonic oscillator twice; one to give a stochastic thermal 'noise' process and the other which generates a coherent Glauber state of phonons. Simple thermodynamic observables are calculated and the acoustic two point function, 'contrast' is presented. The role of 'coherence' in an equilibrium system is clarified by these results and the simple harmonic oscillator is a key structure in both the formulation and the calculations

Significance of c/sqrt(2) in Relativistic Physics

In the description of \emph{relative} motion in accelerated systems and gravitational fields, inertial and tidal accelerations must be taken into account, respectively. These involve a critical speed that in the first approximation can be simply illustrated in the case of motion in one dimension. For one-dimensional motion, such first-order accelerations are multiplied by $(1-V^2/V_c^2)$, where $V_c=c/\sqrt{2}$ is the critical speed. If the speed of relative motion exceeds $V_c$, there is a sign reversal with consequences that are contrary to Newtonian expectations.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, slightly expanded version accepted for publication in Class. Quantum Gra

Wavelets and their application to digital signal processing in ultrsaonic NDE

As the use of digital based ultrasonic testing systems becomes more prevalent, there will be an increased emphasis on the development of digital signal processing techniques. In the past, various Fourier based digital signal processing approaches have been formulated and applied in the ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) research community. In many cases, the inherent inability of Fourier methods to handle non-stationary signals has been exposed as the Fourier methods are applied to non-stationary ultrasonic signals. Our intent is to investigate the application of wavelet based signals processing techniques to a variety of problems in ultrasonic NDE. Wavelet methods have a number of potential advantage over Fourier methods including the inherent ability of wavelets to deal with non-stationary signals

Variational analysis for a generalized spiked harmonic oscillator

A variational analysis is presented for the generalized spiked harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian operator H, where H = -(d/dx)^2 + Bx^2+ A/x^2 + lambda/x^alpha, and alpha and lambda are real positive parameters. The formalism makes use of a basis provided by exact solutions of Schroedinger's equation for the Gol'dman and Krivchenkov Hamiltonian (alpha = 2), and the corresponding matrix elements that were previously found. For all the discrete eigenvalues the method provides bounds which improve as the dimension of the basis set is increased. Extension to the N-dimensional case in arbitrary angular-momentum subspaces is also presented. By minimizing over the free parameter A, we are able to reduce substantially the number of basis functions needed for a given accuracy.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figur

Andean maize in Argentina : physiological effects related with altitude, genetic variation, management practices and possible avenues to improve yield

In the Argentinean Andean region, maize is a main staple being cropped up to 3,900 m above sea level (masl). Yields are limited by the sharp decrease in temperature associated with altitude but also by a lack of management and breeding technologies to underpin traditional practices. In this review we discuss: (i) the main physiological changes of increasing altitude using experimental reports up to 2,650 m above sea level plus own experiments up to 3,300 masl; (ii) available genetic diversity within local races; (iii) maize cropping systems based on literature and own data from 23 surveys; and (iv) possible avenues for improving yield. Among physiological traits, major penalties are associated with delayed phenology reducing light capture, and low temperatures inhibiting photosynthesis and kernel growth rate. As a result, yields can be reduced up to 85% at 3,300 masl compared with 2,300 masl in contrast to increases at lower latitudes. Local races are characterized by a high genetic diversity that is aiming to be preserved by both in situ and ex situ conservation initiatives. However, little is known about phenotypic variation, impairing the exploitation of these genetic resources in breeding programs. Breeding strategies could consider tillering ability (to buffer stand heterogeneity) and photosynthetic recovery rates from chilling as important target traits, whereas plant density management could overcome penalties related with delayed plantings and phenology. Water availability is currently insufficient, especially at higher altitudes where most farmers rely on water from thaw, and climate change projections suggest this will worsen; thus improving water use efficiency also deserves further work.EEA PergaminoFil: Salve, Diego Antonio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOA; ArgentinaFil: Ferreyra, Mariana Jimena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Defacio, Raquel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Recursos Genéticos; ArgentinaFil: Maydup, M. L. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Lauff, Diana B. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Tambussi, Eduardo A. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Antonietta, M. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentin

Wavelet Inverse Neutron Scattering Study of Layered Metallic NiC-Ti Composites

Composites are prevalent in high technology devices such as aircraft, computers, automobiles and communications systems. They improve brittleness and provide a lower density which enhances mechanical strength. Electron and light manipulating composites will be used more and more in the future. It is necessary to have a capability of inspecting composites, both to assure production quality and as a baseline for later NDE. In this paper, we present a study using wavelet, inverse neutron optics and the grazing angle neutron spectrometer, GANS, at the Missouri University Research Reactor, MURR.</p

Wavelets and their application to digital signal processing in ultrsaonic NDE

As the use of digital based ultrasonic testing systems becomes more prevalent, there will be an increased emphasis on the development of digital signal processing techniques. In the past, various Fourier based digital signal processing approaches have been formulated and applied in the ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) research community. In many cases, the inherent inability of Fourier methods to handle non-stationary signals has been exposed as the Fourier methods are applied to non-stationary ultrasonic signals. Our intent is to investigate the application of wavelet based signals processing techniques to a variety of problems in ultrasonic NDE. Wavelet methods have a number of potential advantage over Fourier methods including the inherent ability of wavelets to deal with non-stationary signals.</p

Dynamic dielectric response function of liquid water

URL:http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.50.4618 DOI:10.1103/PhysRevE.50.4618Our previous theory for the dielectric response of waterlike fluids [Phys. Rev. A 46, 7548 (1992); Phys. Rev. E 48, 3172 (1993)] is generalized to take into account the asymmetrical inertia tensor of the water molecules around the dipolar axis. The frequency dependent dielectric function and the refractive index are calculated. The resulting behavior of the refractive index is compared with available experimental data for water. The refractive index, as a function of frequency, shows a slightly better agreement with experimental data than the previous symmetric molecule model. The ''free rotation'' peak is reduced in area and a new structure is obtained.This work was supported by AFOSR Grant Nos. 91-203 and 90-307