6,919 research outputs found

    Les réfugiés dans la construction de l'état-nation turc

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    La Turquie est depuis les années soixante avant tout connue comme pays d'émigration, pays d'origine de nombreux travailleurs émigrés ou réfugiés. Cependant, on oublie souvent qu'elle a été et reste d'ailleurs un pays d'immigration. Devenu récemment pays de transit et même d'immigration pour des migrants cherchant en Europe ou en Turquie même un travail, l'ex-Empire ottoman transformé en république a attiré depuis 1771 des millions de réfugiés et personnes déplacées à l'occasion de nombreux conflits dans les Balkans, les pays de la Méditerranée orientale, du Caucase et de la mer Noire. Quelques petits groupes sont même venus de Sibérie ou du Xinjiang chinois. Tous n'étaient pas turcophones, ni même d'origine turcophone, mais à l'exception de rares chrétiens alliés un moment à l'Empire, tous étaient musulmans. Cet article propose un bilan politique de la venue de ces réfugiés qui ont, dans l'émergence de la Turquie contemporaine, joué un rôle immense, non seulement par leur apport démographique, mais aussi bien par le transfert de leurs idéologies, croyances et convictions. Si la Turquie actuelle est aussi turque, aussi homogène qu'elle l'est devenue sur un substrat complexe de mosaïque ethnique, c'est paradoxalement aussi par l'action des Slaves, de Grecs, de Caucasiens ou d'Albanais qui avaient en commun un islam venu de Turquie ottomane. (Résumé d'auteur

    Populations réfugiées : de l'exil au retour

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    Depuis les années 1960, la Turquie est avant tout connue comme pays d'émigration, pays d'origine de nombreux travailleurs émigrés ou réfugiés. Cependant, on oublie souvent que ce pays a été et reste un pays d'immigration. Devenu récemment pays de transit et d'immigration pour des migrants cherchant en Europe ou en Turquie un travail, l'empire ottoman transformé en république a attiré depuis 1771 des millions de réfugiés et personnes déplacées a l'occasion de nombreux conflits dans les Balkans, les pays de la Méditerranée orientale, du Caucase et de la Mer Noire, voire en Sibérie ou au Xinjiang chinois. Tous n'étaient pas turcophones, ni même d'origines turques, mais à l'exception de rares chrétiens alliés un moment à l'empire, tous étaient musulmans. Cet article propose un bilan politique de la venue de ces réfugiés qui ont, dans l'émergence de la Turquie contemporaine, joué un rôle immense, non seulement de par leur apport démographique, mais bien aussi par le transfert de leurs idéologies, croyances et convictions. (Résumé d'auteur

    Evaluation of CNN architectures for gait recognition based on optical flow maps

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    This work targets people identification in video based on the way they walk (\ie gait) by using deep learning architectures. We explore the use of convolutional neural networks (CNN) for learning high-level descriptors from low-level motion features (\ie optical flow components). The low number of training samples for each subject and the use of a test set containing subjects different from the training ones makes the search of a good CNN architecture a challenging task.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

    Cooper pairs as bosons

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    Although BCS pairs of fermions are known not to obey Bose-Einstein (BE) commutation relations nor BE statistics, we show how Cooper pairs (CPs), whether the simple original ones or the CPs recently generalized in a many-body Bethe-Salpeter approach, being clearly distinct from BCS pairs at least obey BE statistics. Hence, contrary to widespread popular belief, CPs can undergo BE condensation to account for superconductivity if charged, as well as for neutral-atom fermion superfluidity where CPs, but uncharged, are also expected to form.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, full biblio info adde

    Light, long-lived and secluded: can gluinos be driven out from LEP1 data ?

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    We briefly report about a possible settlement of the still ongoing dispute concerning the existence of SUSY signals in 4jet events at LEP1. We base our arguments on a simple selection strategy exploiting secondary vertex tagging and kinematical constraints, which could allow one to access or exclude gluino events for a broad range of masses and lifetimes.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX, 3 PostScript figures embedded with epsfig. Complete ps paper and figures available also at ftp://ftae3.ugr.es/pub/rmt/ugrft70.p

    Mid-Infrared Imaging of NGC 6334 I

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    We present high-resolution (<0.5") mid-infrared Keck II images of individual sources in the central region of NGC 6334 I. We compare these images to images at a variety of other wavelengths from the near infrared to cm radio continuum and speculate on the nature of the NGC 6334 I sources. We assert that the cometary shape of the UCHII region here, NGC 6334 F, is due to a champagne-like flow from a source on the edge of a molecular clump and not a due to a bow shock caused by the supersonic motion of the UCHII region through the interstellar medium. The mid-infrared emission in concentrated into an arc of dust that define the boundary between the UCHII region and the molecular clump. This dust arc contains a majority of the masers in the region. We discuss the nature of the four near-infrared sources associated with IRS-I 1, and suggest that one of the sources, IRS1E, is responsible for the heating and ionizing of the UCHII region and the mid-infrared dust arc. Infrared source IRS-I 2, which has been thought to be a circumstellar disk associated with a linear distribution of methanol masers, is found not to be directly coincident with the masers and elongated at a much different position angle. IRS-I 3 is found to be a extended source of mid-infrared emission coming from a cluster of young dusty sources seen in the near-infrared.Comment: Accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal, 27 pages, 9 figure

    Evidence for tidal interaction and merger as the origin of galaxy morphology evolution in compact groups

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    We present the results of a morphological study based on NIR images of 25 galaxies, with different levels of nuclear activity, in 8 Compact Groups of Galaxies (CGs). We perform independently two different analysis: a isophotal study and a study of morphological asymmetries. The results yielded by the two analysis are highly consistent. For the first time, it is possible to show that deviations from pure ellipses are produced by inhomogeneous stellar mass distributions related to galaxy interactions and mergers. We find evidence of mass asymmetries in 74% of the galaxies in our sample. In 59% of these cases, the asymmetries come in pairs, and are consistent with tidal effects produced by the proximity of companion galaxies. The symmetric galaxies are generally small in size or mass, inactive, and have an early-type morphology. In 20% of the galaxies we find evidence for cannibalism. In 36% of the early-type galaxies the color gradient is positive (blue nucleus) or flat. Summing up these results, as much as 52% of the galaxies in our sample could show evidence of an on going or past mergers. Our observations suggest that galaxies in CGs merge more frequently under ``dry'' conditions. The high frequency of interacting and merging galaxies observed in our study is consistent with the bias of our sample towards CGs of type B, which represents the most active phase in the evolution of the groups. In these groups we also find a strong correlation between asymmetries and nuclear activity in early-type galaxies. This correlation allows us to identify tidal interactions and mergers as the cause of galaxy morphology transformation in CGs.[abridge]Comment: 64 pages, 35 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap

    Three Bosons in One Dimension with Short Range Interactions I: Zero Range Potentials

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    We consider the three-boson problem with δ\delta-function interactions in one spatial dimension. Three different approaches are used to calculate the phase shifts, which we interpret in the context of the effective range expansion, for the scattering of one free particle a off of a bound pair. We first follow a procedure outlined by McGuire in order to obtain an analytic expression for the desired S-matrix element. This result is then compared to a variational calculation in the adiabatic hyperspherical representation, and to a numerical solution to the momentum space Faddeev equations. We find excellent agreement with the exact phase shifts, and comment on some of the important features in the scattering and bound-state sectors. In particular, we find that the 1+2 scattering length is divergent, marking the presence of a zero-energy resonance which appears as a feature when the pair-wise interactions are short-range. Finally, we consider the introduction of a three-body interaction, and comment on the cutoff dependence of the coupling.Comment: 9 figures, 2 table

    Organized Disassembly of Photosynthesis During Programmed Cell Death Mediated By Long Chain Bases.

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    In plants, pathogen triggered programmed cell death (PCD) is frequently mediated by polar lipid molecules referred as long chain bases (LCBs) or ceramides. PCD interceded by LCBs is a well-organized process where several cell organelles play important roles. In fact, light-dependent reactions in the chloroplast have been proposed as major players during PCD, however, the functional aspects of the chloroplast during PCD are largely unknown. For this reason, we investigated events that lead to disassembly of the chloroplast during PCD mediated by LCBs. To do so, LCB elevation was induced with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (a non-host pathogen) or Fumonisin B1 in Phaseolus vulgaris. Then, we performed biochemical tests to detect PCD triggering events (phytosphingosine rises, MPK activation and H2O2 generation) followed by chloroplast structural and functional tests. Observations of the chloroplast, via optical phenotyping methods combined with microscopy, indicated that the loss of photosynthetic linear electron transport coincides with the organized ultrastructure disassembly. In addition, structural changes occurred in parallel with accumulation of H2O2 inside the chloroplast. These features revealed the collapse of chloroplast integrity and function as a mechanism leading to the irreversible execution of the PCD promoted by LCBs
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