2,361 research outputs found
On statistical properties of traded volume in financial markets
In this article we study the dependence degree of the traded volume of the
Dow Jones 30 constituent equities by using a nonextensive generalised form of
the Kullback-Leibler information measure. Our results show a slow decay of the
dependence degree as a function of the lag. This feature is compatible with the
existence of non-linearities in this type time series. In addition, we
introduce a dynamical mechanism whose associated stationary probability density
function (PDF) presents a good agreement with the empirical results.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Based on the talk presented at "News,
Expectations and Trends in Statistical Physics, NEXT-SigmaPhi 3rd
International Conference. 13-18 August 2005, Kolymbari CRETE" Multi-fractal
analysis section remove
Continuous and discontinuous absorbing-state phase transitions on Voronoi-Delaunay random lattices
We study absorbing-state phase transitions in two-dimensional
Voronoi-Delaunay (VD) random lattices with quenched coordination disorder.
Quenched randomness usually changes the criticality and destroys discontinuous
transitions in low-dimensional nonequilibrium systems. We performed extensive
simulations of the Ziff-Gulari-Barshad (ZGB) model, and verified that the VD
disorder does not change the nature of its discontinuous transition. Our
results corroborate recent findings of Barghatti and Vojta [Phys. Rev. Lett.
{\bf 113}, 120602 (2014)] stating the irrelevance of topological disorder in a
class of random lattices that includes VD and raise the interesting possibility
that disorder in nonequilibrium APT may, under certain conditions, be
irrelevant for the phase coexistence. We also verify that the VD disorder is
irrelevant for the critical behavior of models belonging to the directed
percolation and Manna universality classes.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
First steps of a nucleation theory in disordered systems
We devise a field theoretical formalism for a microscopic theory of
nucleation processes and phase coexistence in finite dimensional glassy
systems. We study disordered -spin models with large but finite range of
interaction. We work in the framework of glassy effective potential theory
which in mean-field is a non-convex, two minima function of the overlap. We
will associate metastability and phase coexistence with the existence of space
inhomogeneous solution of suitable field equations and we will study the
simplest of such solutions.Comment: 31 pages, 4 figures. Content revised, typos correcte
Incidental capture of loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtles by the pelagic longline fishery off southern Brazil
Incidental capture in fishing gear is one of the main sources of injury and mortality of juvenile and adult sea turtles (NRC, 1990; Lutcavage et al., 1997; Oravetz, 1999). Six out of the seven extant species of sea turtles — the leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), the green turtle (Chelonia mydas), the loggerhead (Caretta caretta), the hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), the olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea), and the Kemp’s ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) — are currently classified as endangered or critically endangered by the World Conservation Union (IUCN, formerly the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources), which makes the assessment and reduction of incidental capture and mortality of these species in fisheries priority conservation issues (IUCN/Species Survival Commission, 1995)
On the physical interpretation of effective actions using Schwinger's formula
We show explicitly that Schwinger's formula for one-loop effective actions
corresponds to the summation of energies associated with the zero-point
oscillations of the fields. We begin with a formal proof, and after that we
confirm it using a regularization prescription.Comment: 5 p., REVTEX, IF-UFRJ-9
Fatty Acid Composition and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Plasma after Fish Oil Supplementation in Aging
Fish oil affects oxidative stress parameters and changes in phospholipids fatty acids profiles in plasma, erythrocytes and tissues. We examined the effects of fish oil supplementation in young and old male Wistar rats (3 and 22 months old) on plasma phospholipids fatty acids profiles and blood oxidative stress parameters. Twenty young and twenty aged Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (ten animals each): two control groups and two supplemented groups treated for 6 weeks with fish oil capsules containing 45 mg eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and 30 mg docosahexanoic acid (DHA). Fish oil supplementation changed the percentage of long chain fatty acids (FAs): the elevated percentage of eicosatrienoic acid (ETA, 20:3), eicosapentanoic (EPA, 20:5), docosapentanoic acid (DPA, 22:5), n-3 fatty acids and decreased arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4). However, there were no age-related changes in total SH groups, the percentages of palmitic (16:0), palmitoleic (16:1), oleic (18:1 (n-9)) and linoleic acid (18:2) in plasma phospholipids and MUFA and they were neither reversed nor prevented by fish oil supplementation. Results showed that fish oil supplementation increased SOD and CAT activities in erythrocytes, and PON activity in the blood plasma of both young and aged rats. Furthermore, fish oil supplementation decreased lipid peroxidation (MDA) and nitrite levels in both young and aged rats implying better antioxidant protection and a lower level of oxidative pressure after fish oil supplementation. Our results suggest that fish oil supplementation is beneficial regarding better antioxidant protection in both young and aged rats, while applied treatment differs in plasma phospholipids FAs composition
The elastic Maier-Saupe-Zwanzig model and some properties of nematic elastomers
We introduce a simple mean-field lattice model to describe the behavior of
nematic elastomers. This model combines the Maier-Saupe-Zwanzig approach to
liquid crystals and an extension to lattice systems of the Warner-Terentjev
theory of elasticity, with the addition of quenched random fields. We use
standard techniques of statistical mechanics to obtain analytic solutions for
the full range of parameters. Among other results, we show the existence of a
stress-strain coexistence curve below a freezing temperature, analogous to the
P-V diagram of a simple fluid, with the disorder strength playing the role of
temperature. Below a critical value of disorder, the tie lines in this diagram
resemble the experimental stress-strain plateau, and may be interpreted as
signatures of the characteristic polydomain-monodomain transition. Also, in the
monodomain case, we show that random-fields may soften the first-order
transition between nematic and isotropic phases, provided the samples are
formed in the nematic state.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure
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