Predation On Native Anurans By Invasive Vertebrates In The Atlantic Rain Forest, Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)203 Specia lissue7074161812/2011-2, CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico303776/ 2015-3, CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico3855/13-9, CAPES, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Performance And Economic Analysis Of Finished Lambs In Feedlot

This study aimed to evaluate animal performance and economic performance of feedlot crossbred lambs (Santa Inês+ - Suffolk) fed different diets based on hay from Cynodon dactylon genotypes, through the use of financial measures considering only the period of feedlot, without relating it to the complete management cycle. A total of 30 intact crossbred Suffolk lambs, identified with earrings, with an average age of 90 days and an average body weight of 21.5 kg were used in this study. Diets were formulated using as treatments a standard concentrate and hay of the Cynodon dactylon genotypes Jiggs, Vaquero, Tifton 68, Coast-Cross, Tifton 85 and Russell in a 60:40 forage-to-concentrate ratio. The treatments were distributed in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. There were significant differences between diets in terms of total expenditure on food, and the highest values were obtained for the Jiggs genotype (BRL 48.96/animal). The animals fed diets based on Tifton 68 hay had a higher rate of return (2.16%) and profitability (34.63%) compared to the other diets. The use of diets based on Tifton 68 hay for feedlot lambs in the finishing phase brings higher economic returns compared to the remaining diets.37129330

The Average Kinetic Energy of the Superconducting State

Isothermal magnetization curves are plotted as the magnetization times the magnetic induction, $4 \pi M \cdot B$, versus the applied field, H. We show here that this new curve is the average kinetic energy of the superconducting state versus the applied field, for type-II superconductors with a high Ginzburg-Landau parameter $\kappa$. The maximum of $4 \pi M \cdot B$ occurs at a field, $H^{*}$, directly related to the upper critical field, $H_{c2}$, suggesting that $H_{c2}(T)$ may be extracted from such plots even in cases when it is too high for direct measurement. We obtain these plots both theoretically, from the Ginzburg-Landau theory, and experimentally, using a Niobium sample with $T_c = 8.5 K$, and compare them.Comment: 11 pages, 9 postscript figure

Alterations In The Achilles Tendon After Inflammation In Surrounding Tissue

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of the Achilles tendon of rats after induction of localized inflammation in the rat paw. Methods: In our study three groups were used: inflamed group with carrageenan in rat paw (G1); saline group (G2) and control group (G3). After 4 hours the animals were euthanized and the Achilles tendon removed. Results: No significant differences were observed in the analysis of non-collagenous proteins, glycosaminoglycans and hydroxyproline in the groups but a tendency of reduction was verified in G1. As regards the organization of collagen molecules, no differences were observed between groups. With respect to MMPs activity, a stronger presence of the active isoform of MMP-2 in G1 was observed, suggesting that the remodeling was occurring. Conclusion: Thus, we conclude that the inflammatory process in rat paw may affect the remodeling of tendons located near the inflamed site.205266269Maffulli, N., Kader, D., Tendinopathy of tendo Achillis (2002) J Bone Joint Surg Br, 84 (1), pp. 1-8Maffulli, N., Rupture of the Achilles tendon (1999) J Bone Joint Surg Am, 81 (7), pp. 1019-1036Järvinen, T.A., Kannus, P., Maffulli, N., Khan, K.M., Achilles tendon disorders: etiology and epidemiology (2005) Foot Ankle Clin, 10 (2), pp. 255-266Oliveira, F.S., Pinfildi, C.E., Parizoto, N.A., Liebano, R.E., Bossini, P.S., Garcia, E.B., Effect of low level laser therapy (830 nm) with different therapyregimes on the process of tissue repair in partial lesion calcaneous tendon (2009) Lasers Surg Med, 41 (4), pp. 271-276Karousou, E., Ronga, M., Vigetti, D., Passi, A., Maffulli, N., Collagens, proteoglycans, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMPs in human Achilles tendon rupture (2008) Clin Orthop Relat Res, 466 (7), pp. 1577-1582Riley, G., Matrix metalloproteinase activities and their relationship with collagen remodelling in tendon pathology (2002) Matrix Biol, 21 (2), pp. 185-195Dario, B.E., Barquilha, G., Marques, R.M., Lesões esportivas: um estudo com atletas de basquetebol Bauruense (2010) Rev Bras Cienc Esporte, 31 (3), pp. 205-215Vieira, C.P., Aro, A.A., Almeida, M.S., de Mello, G.C., Antunes, E., Pimentel, E.R., Effects of acute inflammation induced in the rat paw on the deep digital flexor tendon (2012) Connect Tissue Res, 53 (2), pp. 160-168Tillander, B., Franzén, L.E., Nilsson, E., Norlin, R., Carrageenan-induced subacromial bursitis caused changes in the rat's rotator cuff (2001) J Orthop Res, 19 (3), pp. 441-447Winter, C.A., Risley, E.A., Nuss, G.W., Carrageenin-induced edema in hind paw of the rat as an assay for antiiflammatory drugs (1962) Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 111, pp. 544-547Bradford, M.M., A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding (1976) Anal Biochem, 72, pp. 248-254Farndale, R.W., Buttle, D.J., Barrett, A.J., Improved quantitation and discrimination of sulphated glycosaminoglycans by use of dimethylmethylene blue (1986) Biochim Biophys Acta, 883 (2), pp. 173-177Marqueti, R.C., Parizotto, N.A., Chriguer, R.S., Perez, S.E., Selistre-de-Araujo, H.S.A., ndrogenic-anabolic steroids associated with mechanical loading inhibit matrix metallopeptidase activity and affect the remodeling of the achilles tendon in rats (2006) Am J Sports Med, 34 (8), pp. 1274-1280Vidal, B.C., Mello, M.L., Supramolecular order following binding of the dichroic birefringent sulfonic dye Ponceau SS to collagen fibers (2005) Biopolymers, 78 (3), pp. 121-128Riley, G., Tendinopathy:from basic science to treatment (2008) Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol, 4 (2), pp. 82-89Szabo, K.A., Ablin, R.J., Singhingh, G., Matrix metalloproteinases and the immune response (2004) Clin Appl Immun Rev, 4, pp. 295-319Chakraborti, S., Mandal, M., Das, S., Mandal, A., Chakraborti, T., Regulation of matrix metalloproteinases: an overview (2003) Mol Cell Biochem, 253 (1-2), pp. 269-285Magra, M., Maffulli, N., Matrix metalloproteases: a role in overuse tendinopathies (2005) Br J Sports Med, 39 (11), pp. 789-791Clutterbuck, A.L., Harris, P., Allaway, D., Mobasheri, A., Matrix metalloproteinases in inflammatory pathologies of the horse (2010) Vet J, 183 (1), pp. 27-38Marsolais, D., Duchesne, E., Côté, C.H., Frenette, J., Inflammatory cells do not decrease the ultimate tensile strength of intact tendons in vivo and in vitro: protective role of mechanical loading (2007) J Appl Physiol, 102 (1), pp. 11-1

On Aharonov-Casher bound states

In this work bound states for the Aharonov-Casher problem are considered. According to Hagen's work on the exact equivalence between spin-1/2 Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher effects, is known that the $\boldsymbol{\nabla}\cdot\mathbf{E}$ term cannot be neglected in the Hamiltonian if the spin of particle is considered. This term leads to the existence of a singular potential at the origin. By modeling the problem by boundary conditions at the origin which arises by the self-adjoint extension of the Hamiltonian, we derive for the first time an expression for the bound state energy of the Aharonov-Casher problem. As an application, we consider the Aharonov-Casher plus a two-dimensional harmonic oscillator. We derive the expression for the harmonic oscillator energies and compare it with the expression obtained in the case without singularity. At the end, an approach for determination of the self-adjoint extension parameter is given. In our approach, the parameter is obtained essentially in terms of physics of the problem.Comment: 11 pages, matches published versio

Effects of α-tocopherol and ternatin antioxidants on morphology and activation of goat preantral follicles in vitro cultured

Os efeitos do α-tocoferol e da ternatina sobre morfologia, ativação e crescimento de folículos pré-antrais caprinos cultivados in vitro, por um ou cinco dias, foram avaliados. Os fragmentos ovarianos foram imediatamente fixados (controle não-cultivado) ou cultivados in vitro, por um ou cinco dias, em Meio Essencial Mínimo (MEM) com ou sem suplementação com α-tocoferol ou ternatina nas concentrações de 5, 10 ou 15M, formando os tratamentos MEM, TOC5, TOC10, TOC 15, TER5, TER10, TER15. O percentual de folículos pré-antrais normais no controle não-cultivado foi de 73,2%, depois de cinco dias de cultivo, houve redução desse percentual em todos os tratamentos, quando comparados com o controle não-cultivado (P<0,05). O cultivo por cinco dias aumentou a ativação folicular em todos os tratamentos (P<0,05). A análise ultra-estrutural não mostrou folículos pré-antrais íntegros após cinco dias de cultivo em meio contendo antioxidantes. Concluiu-se que o α -tocoferol e a ternatina podem promover a ativação folicular, no entanto a adição desses antioxidantes nas concentrações testadas reduziu a viabilidade folicular após o cultivo in vitro. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe effects of α-tocopherol and ternatin on the morphology, activation, and growth of goat preantral follicles in vitro cultured, for one or five days, were evaluated. Ovarian fragments were immediately fixed (non-cultured control) or in vitro cultured for one or five days in Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) with or without α-tocopherol or ternatin supplementation, both at concentrations of 5, 10, or 15M, corresponding to the following treatments: MEM, TOC5, TOC10, TOC 15, TER5, TER10, and TER15. The percentages of morphologically normal preantral follicles in non-cultured ovarian tissue (control) was 73.2% and after five days of culture, there was a decrease on these percentages in all treatments (P<0.05) when compared with non-cultured control. Culture of ovarian cortex for five days increased the percentages of follicular activation in all treatments (P<0.05). Ultrastructural analysis did not confirm the integrity of caprine preantral follicles cultured for five days in medium containing antioxidants. This study demonstrated that α-tocopherol and ternatin can promote follicular activation; however, addition of these antioxidants in the tested concentrations reduced the follicular viability after in vitro culture