643 research outputs found
Home-made Compression Stockings and Shoes of a Cotton–Polyester Material in the Treatment of Primary Congenital Lymphedema
Godoy & Godoy Compression Sleeve in the Treatment of Arm Lymphedema: New Concepts for Materials
Functional traits and phenotypic plasticity modulate species coexistence across contrasting climatic conditions
Functional traits are expected to modulate plant competitive dynamics. However, how traits
and their plasticity in response to contrasting environments connect with the mechanisms
determining species coexistence remains poorly understood. Here, we couple field experiments
under two contrasting climatic conditions to a plant population model describing
competitive dynamics between 10 annual plant species in order to evaluate how 19 functional
traits, covering physiological, morphological and reproductive characteristics, are associated
with species’ niche and fitness differences. We find a rich diversity of univariate and multidimensional
associations, which highlight the primary role of traits related to water- and lightuse-
efficiency for modulating the determinants of competitive outcomes. Importantly, such
traits and their plasticity promote species coexistence across climatic conditions by enhancing
stabilizing niche differences and by generating competitive trade-offs between species.
Our study represents a significant advance showing how leading dimensions of plant function
connect to the mechanisms determining the maintenance of biodiversity
Sex ratio and dynamic behavior in populations of the exotic blowfly Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera, Calliphoridae)
Imprisonment and internment: Comparing penal facilities North and South
Recent references to the ‘warehouse prison’ in the United States and the prisión-depósito in Latin America seem to indicate that penal confinement in the western hemisphere
has converged on a similar model. However, this article suggests otherwise. It contrasts penal facilities in North America and Latin America in terms of six interrelated aspects: regimentation; surveillance; isolation; supervision; accountability; and formalization. Quantitatively, control in North American penal facilities is assiduous (unceasing, persistent and intrusive), while in Latin America it is perfunctory (sporadic, indifferent and cursory). Qualitatively, North American penal facilities produce imprisonment (which enacts penal intervention through confinement), while in Latin America they produce internment (which enacts penal intervention through release). Closely entwined with this qualitative difference are distinct practices of judicial involvement in sentencing and penal supervision. Those practices, and the cultural and political factors that underpin them, represent an interesting starting point for the explanation of the contrasting nature of imprisonment and internment
Compression garments and fabric orthoses for rehabilitation and function: a systematic mapping review.
Background/aims: Compression garments, joint supports and dynamic movement orthoses all use elastic fibres and close-fitting designs and have been researched for their effects on movement. There is little cross-referencing between research into these interventions. This review aimed to improve inter-disciplinary understanding by analysing key characteristics of the published evidence.
Methods: Systematic mapping reviews identify gaps in an evidence base and identify questions for more in-depth reviews. This review was conducted in-line with current guidance. MEDLINE, CINAHL and Sports Discuss were searched for primary research investigating compression garments and orthoses for movement and function. The following search terms were used: "elastane", "spandex", "Lycra", "elastomer*", "Theratog*", "compression", "Neoprene", "orthotic", "orthosis", "shorts", "garment*", "splint", "brace", "sock*" and "stockings". Studies were screened against predetermined criteria and key study characteristics extracted.
Findings: Three hundred and fifty-one studies were selected and analysed. Compression garment research was most common (236 studies), followed by research into joint supports (64 studies) and dynamic movement orthoses (42 studies). Research largely reflects the purpose for which each intervention was originally designed. Common topics investigated include posture and movement control, proprioception and muscle activity. Pressure beneath compression garments was measured in 30% of studies.
Conclusions: The review highlights a need for more robust study designs in patient populations and accurate description of interventions. There is a need for a review on the possible effects of compression and support on movement control which should be used to inform future primary research
Percepção da causalidade e dos sinais de near miss atribuídos por mulheres sobreviventes
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