LHC results for dark matter from ATLAS and CMS

The CMS and ATLAS collaborations searched for Dark Matter (DM) particles directly produced in pair. The searches are performed using the full LHC Run-I dataset recorded with the CMS and ATLAS detectors in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. Signatures considered include those yielding energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum as well as electroweak bosons and heavy flavour quarks plus missing transverse energy. No deviation from SM background expectation was found and exclusion limits on DM production cross section were set.Comment: CIPANP2015-decos

Alien Registration- De Cosa, Ben (Portland, Cumberland County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/24495/thumbnail.jp

Search for the standard model Higgs boson in the \hzzlepjet channel with the CMS experiment at LHC

A search for the standard model (SM) Higgs boson decaying into two Z bosons with a subsequent decay into two leptons and two quark jets, H → ZZ → + −q+q−, is presented. The data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb−1, is collected from proton proton collisions at the centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, with the CMS detector at the LHC at CERN, in proton-proton collisions at the centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. Discrimination of signal from background events is based on a kinematic selection and exploiting the different angular distribution of signal and background. No evidence for the Higgs boson is found, and upper limits on the Higgs boson production cross section are set between 130 and 600 GeV mass

Comentarios de un español

Copia digital. España : Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 202

Uncovering tau leptons-enriched semi-visible jets at the LHC

This Letter proposes a new signature for confining dark sectors at the Large Hadron Collider. Under the assumption of a QCD-like hidden sector, hadronic jets containing stable dark bound states could manifest in proton-proton collisions. We present a simplified model with a $Z'$ boson yielding the production of jets made up of dark bound states and subsequently leading to the decays of those that are unstable to $\tau$ leptons and Standard Model quarks. The resulting signature is characterised by non-isolated $\tau$ lepton pairs inside semi-visible jets. We estimate the constraints on our model from existing CMS and ATLAS analyses. We propose a set of variables that leverage the leptonic content of the jet and exploit them in a supervised jet tagger to enhance the signal-to-background separation. Furthermore, we discuss the performance and limitations of current triggers for accessing sub-TeV $Z'$ masses, as well as possible strategies that can be adopted by experiments to access such low mass regions. We estimate that with the currently available triggers, a high mass search can claim a $5 \sigma$ discovery (exclusion) of the $Z'$ boson with a mass up to 4.5TeV (5.5TeV) with the full Run2 data of the LHC when the fraction of unstable dark hadrons decaying to $\tau$ lepton pairs is around $50\%$, and with a coupling of the $Z'$ to right-handed up-type quarks of 0.25. Furthermore, we show that, with new trigger strategies for Run3, it may be possible to access $Z'$ masses down to 700 GeV, for which the event topology is still composed of two resolved semi-visible jets.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, (published on EPJ C as Letter

Chronic alcohol consumption alters extracellular space geometry and transmitter diffusion in the brain

[EN] Already moderate alcohol consumption has detrimental long-term effects on brain function. However, how alcohol produces its potent addictive effects despite being a weak reinforcer is a poorly understood conundrum that likely hampers the development of successful interventions to limit heavy drinking. In this translational study, we demonstrate widespread increased mean diffusivity in the brain gray matter of chronically drinking humans and rats. These alterations appear soon after drinking initiation in rats, persist into early abstinence in both species, and are associated with a robust decrease in extracellular space tortuosity explained by a microglial reaction. Mathematical modeling of the diffusivity changes unveils an increased spatial reach of extrasynaptically released transmitters like dopamine that may contribute to alcohol's progressively enhanced addictive potencyThis work was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (668863-SyBil-AA) and the ERA-NET NEURON program (FKZ 01EW1112-TRANSALC and PIM2010ERN-00679), as well as the Spanish State Research Agency through the Severo Ochoa Program for Centres of Excellence in R&D (SEV-2017-0723), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (center grant TRR265-B08), and the Czech Science Foundation (GACR; grant no. 16-10214S to L.V.). S.C. and D.M. further acknowledge financial support from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) and FEDER funds under grant nos. BFU2015-64380-C2-1-R, BFU2015-64380-C2-2-R, and PGC2018-101055-B-I00 and the Generalitat Valenciana through the Prometeo Program (PROMETEO/2019/015). S.C. also acknowledges support of the Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad (#2017I065). E.S. acknowledges financial support from the Slovak Research and Development Agency (APVV-17-0642). S.D.S. is supported by a NARSAD Young Investigator Grant (grant no. 25104), by the European Research Council through a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (grant no. 749506), and by the Generalitat Valenciana grant SEJI/2019/038. R.C. is supported by the NIAAA grant AA017447. W.H.S acknowledges support from the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF; FKZ: 031L0190A, 01ZX1909CA).De Santis, S.; Cosa-Liñán, A.; Garcia-Hernandez, R.; Dmytrenko, L.; Vargova, L.; Vorisek, I.; Stopponi, S.... (2020). Chronic alcohol consumption alters extracellular space geometry and transmitter diffusion in the brain. Science Advances. 6(26):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba0154S11262

Singlet oxygen production and in vitro phototoxicity studies on fenofibrate, mycophenolate mofetil, trifusal, and their active metabolites

"This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Molins-Molina, Oscar, Roger Bresolí-Obach, Guillermo Garcia-Lainez, Inmaculada Andreu, Santi Nonell, Miguel A. Miranda, and M. Consuelo Jiménez. 2017. Singlet Oxygen Production and in Vitro Phototoxicity Studies on Fenofibrate, Mycophenolate Mofetil, Trifusal, and Their Active Metabolites. Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 30 (9). Wiley: e3722. doi:10.1002/poc.3722, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/poc.3722. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving."[EN] Singlet oxygen photosensitization (studied by time-resolved near-infrared emission spectroscopy) and in vitro phototoxicity (by means of the 3T3 neutral red uptake assay) have been investigated for the prodrugs fenofibrate (FFB), mycophenolate mofetil (MMP), and trifusal (TFS) as well as for their active metabolites fenofibric acid (FFA), mycophenolic acid (MPA), and 2-hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzoic acid (HTB). The results show that FFB and its active metabolite FFA generate O-1(2) with a quantum yield in the range 0.30 to 0.40 and show a photo-irritation factor (PIF) higher than 40. By contrast, MMP/MPA and TFS/HTB are not photoactive in the used assays. These results correlate well with the previously reported in vivo phototoxicity in treated patients.This work has been supported by grants CTQ-2013-47872C2-1-P, CTQ2016-78875-P, CTQ2013-48767-C3-1-R, CTQ2016-78454-C2-1-R, CTQ2015-71896-REDT, FIS PI16/01877, and BES-2014-069404 ( predoctoral fellowship to O. M.- M.) from MINECO. R. B.- O. thanks the European Social Funds and the SUR del DEC de la Generalitat de Catalunya for a predoctoral fellowship (2017 FI_B2 00140).Molins-Molina, O.; Bresolí-Obach, R.; García-Laínez, G.; Andreu Ros, MI.; Nonell, S.; Miranda Alonso, MÁ.; Jiménez Molero, MC. (2017). Singlet oxygen production and in vitro phototoxicity studies on fenofibrate, mycophenolate mofetil, trifusal, and their active metabolites. Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry. 30(9):1-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/poc.3722S17309Nassar, A. F. (Ed.). (2010). Biotransformation and Metabolite Elucidation of Xenobiotics. doi:10.1002/9780470890387Iyanagi, T. (2007). Molecular Mechanism of Phase I and Phase II Drug‐Metabolizing Enzymes: Implications for Detoxification. International Review of Cytology, 35-112. doi:10.1016/s0074-7696(06)60002-8Testa, B., Pedretti, A., & Vistoli, G. (2012). Reactions and enzymes in the metabolism of drugs and other xenobiotics. Drug Discovery Today, 17(11-12), 549-560. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2012.01.017Foote, C. S. (1991). DEFINITION OF TYPE I and TYPE II PHOTOSENSITIZED OXIDATION. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 54(5), 659-659. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb02071.xPalumbo, F., Garcia-Lainez, G., Limones-Herrero, D., Coloma, M. D., Escobar, J., Jiménez, M. C., … Andreu, I. (2016). Enhanced photo(geno)toxicity of demethylated chlorpromazine metabolites. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 313, 131-137. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2016.10.024Ljunggren, B., & Möller, H. (1977). Phenothiazine Phototoxicity: an Experimental Study on Chlorpromazine and its Metabolites. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 68(5), 313-317. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12494582Filippatos, T., & Milionis, H. J. (2008). Treatment of hyperlipidaemia with fenofibrate and related fibrates. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 17(10), 1599-1614. doi:10.1517/13543784.17.10.1599Mele, T. S., & Halloran, P. F. (2000). The use of mycophenolate mofetil in transplant recipients. Immunopharmacology, 47(2-3), 215-245. doi:10.1016/s0162-3109(00)00190-9Plaza, L., López-Bescós, L., Martín-Jadraque, L. M., Alegrla, E., Cruz-Fernández, J. M., Velasco, J., … Zurita, A. F. (1993). Protective Effect of Triflusal against Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Unstable Angina: Results of a Spanish Multicenter Trial. Cardiology, 82(6), 388-398. doi:10.1159/000175892De La Cruz, J. P., Mata, J. M., & De La Cuesta, F. S. (1992). Triflusal vs aspirin on the inhibition of human platelet and vascular cyclooxygenase. General Pharmacology: The Vascular System, 23(2), 297-300. doi:10.1016/0306-3623(92)90027-hVan Gelder, T., & Hesselink, D. A. (2015). Mycophenolate revisited. Transplant International, 28(5), 508-515. doi:10.1111/tri.12554Kuypers, D. R. J., Meur, Y. L., Cantarovich, M., Tredger, M. J., Tett, S. E., Cattaneo, D., … Gelder, T. van. (2010). Consensus Report on Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Mycophenolic Acid in Solid Organ Transplantation. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 5(2), 341-358. doi:10.2215/cjn.07111009Ramis, J., Mis, R., Forn, J., Torrent, J., Gorina, E., & Jané, F. (1991). Pharmacokinetics of triflusal and its main metabolite HTB in healthy subjects following a single oral dose. European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, 16(4), 269-273. doi:10.1007/bf03189971Darmanyan, A. P., & Foote, C. S. (1993). Solvent effects on singlet oxygen yield from n,.pi.* and .pi.,.pi.* triplet carbonyl compounds. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 97(19), 5032-5035. doi:10.1021/j100121a029Wilkinson, F., Helman, W. P., & Ross, A. B. (1995). Rate Constants for the Decay and Reactions of the Lowest Electronically Excited Singlet State of Molecular Oxygen in Solution. An Expanded and Revised Compilation. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 24(2), 663-677. doi:10.1063/1.555965Thomas, M. J., & Foote, C. S. (1978). CHEMISTRY OF SINGLET OXYGEN—XXVI. PHOTOOXYGENATION OF PHENOLSy. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 27(6), 683-693. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1978.tb07665.xAfshari, E., & Schmidt, R. (1991). Isotope-dependent quenching of singlet molecular oxygen (1Δg) by ground-state oxygen in several perhalogenated solvents. Chemical Physics Letters, 184(1-3), 128-132. doi:10.1016/0009-2614(91)87176-cBoscá, F., & Miranda, M. A. (1999). A Laser Flash Photolysis Study on Fenofibric Acid. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 70(6), 853-857. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1999.tb08293.xOECD 2004 In vitro thSerrano, G., Fortea, J. M., Latasa, J. M., Millan, F., Janes, C., Bosca, F., & Miranda, M. A. (1992). Photosensitivity induced by fibric acid derivatives and its relation to photocontact dermatitis to ketoprofen. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 27(2), 204-208. doi:10.1016/0190-9622(92)70171-bCosa, G., Purohit, S., Scaiano, J. C., Boscá, F., & Miranda, M. A. (2002). A Laser Flash Photolysis Study of Fenofibric Acid in Aqueous Buffered Media: Unexpected Triplet State Inversion in a Derivative of 4-Alkoxybenzophenone¶. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 75(3), 193. doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2002)0752.0.co;2Vayá, I., Andreu, I., Monje, V. T., Jiménez, M. C., & Miranda, M. A. (2015). Mechanistic Studies on the Photoallergy Mediated by Fenofibric Acid: Photoreactivity with Serum Albumins. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 29(1), 40-46. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00357Miranda, M. A., Boscaa, F., Vargas, F., & Canudas, N. (1994). PHOTOSENSITIZATION BY FENOFIBRATE. II. In vitro PHOTOTOXICITY OF THE MAJOR METABOLITES. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 59(2), 171-174. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1994.tb05018.xMontanaro, S., Lhiaubet-Vallet, V., Jiménez, M. C., Blanca, M., & Miranda, M. A. (2009). Photonucleophilic Addition of the ε-Amino Group of Lysine to a Triflusal Metabolite as a Mechanistic Key to Photoallergy Mediated by the Parent Drug. ChemMedChem, 4(7), 1196-1202. doi:10.1002/cmdc.200900066Nuin, E., Pérez-Sala, D., Lhiaubet-Vallet, V., Andreu, I., & Miranda, M. A. (2016). Photosensitivity to Triflusal: Formation of a Photoadduct with Ubiquitin Demonstrated by Photophysical and Proteomic Techniques. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 7. doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00277Jiménez-Banzo, A., Ragàs, X., Kapusta, P., & Nonell, S. (2008). Time-resolved methods in biophysics. 7. Photon counting vs. analog time-resolved singlet oxygen phosphorescence detection. Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, 7(9), 1003. doi:10.1039/b804333gOliveros, E., Suardi-Murasecco, P., Aminian-Saghafi, T., Braun, A. M., & Hansen, H.-J. (1991). 1H-Phenalen-1-one: Photophysical Properties and Singlet-Oxygen Production. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 74(1), 79-90. doi:10.1002/hlca.19910740110Schmidt, R., Tanielian, C., Dunsbach, R., & Wolff, C. (1994). Phenalenone, a universal reference compound for the determination of quantum yields of singlet oxygen O2(1Δg) sensitization. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 79(1-2), 11-17. doi:10.1016/1010-6030(93)03746-4Martí, C., Jürgens, O., Cuenca, O., Casals, M., & Nonell, S. (1996). Aromatic ketones as standards for singlet molecular oxygen photosensitization. Time-resolved photoacoustic and near-IR emission studies. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 97(1-2), 11-18. doi:10.1016/1010-6030(96)04321-

Combination of searches for heavy resonances decaying to WW, WZ, ZZ, WH, and ZH boson pairs in proton–proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 8 and 13 TeV

A statistical combination of searches is presented for massive resonances decaying to WW, WZ, ZZ, WH, and ZH boson pairs in proton–proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The data were taken at centre-of-mass energies of 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to respective integrated luminosities of 19.7 and up to 2.7 $fb^{−1}$. The results are interpreted in the context of heavy vector triplet and singlet models that mimic properties of composite-Higgs models predicting W′ and Z′ bosons decaying to WZ, WW, WH, and ZH bosons. A model with a bulk graviton that decays into WW and ZZ is also considered. This is the first combined search for WW, WZ, WH, and ZH resonances and yields lower limits on masses at 95% confidence level for W′ and Z′ singlets at 2.3 TeV, and for a triplet at 2.4 TeV. The limits on the production cross section of a narrow bulk graviton resonance with the curvature scale of the warped extra dimension $\tilde{k}=0.5$, in the mass range of 0.6 to 4.0 TeV, are the most stringent published to date

Search for supersymmetry in pp collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 13 tev in the single-lepton final state using the sum of masses of large-radius jets

Results are reported from a search for supersymmetric particles in proton-proton collisions in the final state with a single lepton, multiple jets, including at least one b-tagged jet, and large missing transverse momentum. The search uses a sample of proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9  $fb^{−1}$. The observed event yields in the signal regions are consistent with those expected from standard model backgrounds. The results are interpreted in the context of simplified models of supersymmetry involving gluino pair production, with gluino decay into either on- or off-mass-shell top squarks. Assuming that the top squarks decay into a top quark plus a stable, weakly interacting neutralino, scenarios with gluino masses up to about 1.9 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for neutralino masses up to about 1 TeV