Uso do fogo em pastagens naturais.

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The role of clothing in thermal comfort: how people dress in a temperate and humid climate in Brazil

Abstract Thermal insulation from clothing is one of the most important input variables used to predict the thermal comfort of a building's occupants. This paper investigates the clothing pattern in buildings with different configurations located in a temperate and humid climate in Brazil. Occupants of two kinds of buildings (three offices and two university classrooms) assessed their thermal environment through 'right-here-right-now' questionnaires, while at the same time indoor climatic measurements were carried out in situ (air temperature and radiant temperature, air speed and humidity). A total of 5,036 votes from 1,161 occupants were collected. Results suggest that the clothing values adopted by occupants inside buildings were influenced by: 1) climate and seasons of the year; 2) different configurations and indoor thermal conditions; and 3) occupants' age and gender. Significant intergenerational and gender differences were found, which might be explained by differences in metabolic rates and fashion. The results also indicate that there is a great opportunity to exceed the clothing interval of the thermal comfort zones proposed by international standards such as ASHRAE 55 (2013) - 0.5 to 1.0 clo - and thereby save energy from cooling and heating systems, without compromising the occupants' indoor thermal comfort

Perfectly Translating Lattices on a Cylinder

We perform molecular dynamics simulations on an interacting electron gas confined to a cylindrical surface and subject to a radial magnetic field and the field of the positive background. In order to study the system at lowest energy states that still carry a current, initial configurations are obtained by a special quenching procedure. We observe the formation of a steady state in which the entire electron-lattice cycles with a common uniform velocity. Certain runs show an intermediate instability leading to lattice rearrangements. A Hall resistance can be defined and depends linearly on the magnetic field with an anomalous coefficient reflecting the manybody contributions peculiar to two dimensions.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure

MULTISOURCE AND MULTITEMPORAL LAND COVER MAPPING OF GREATER LUZON ISLAND USING GOOGLE EARTH ENGINE

A variety of research endeavors and practical applications necessitate the use of land cover maps. These maps are valuable for tasks such as change detection, forest monitoring, urban expansion monitoring, natural resource mapping, catering to diverse user requirements. While satellite sensors offer essential data for comprehending spatial and temporal variations in land cover, relying on a single satellite system can be limiting, especially considering the potential hindrance of cloud cover in the case of optical sensors. To enhance temporal frequency, it becomes essential to utilize multiple satellite systems, albeit requiring harmonization to ensure consistent outcomes. This study presents a large-scale annual land cover mapping which utilizes harmonized Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, in conjunction with supplementary data, and a machine learning algorithm. In addition, the use of powerful computational processing platforms such as Google Earth Engine and Google Colaboratory is now a requirement to manage big geospatial data as well as to run different algorithms for processing and analysis

Comparison of two non-primitive methods for path integral simulations: Higher-order corrections vs. an effective propagator approach

Two methods are compared that are used in path integral simulations. Both methods aim to achieve faster convergence to the quantum limit than the so-called primitive algorithm (PA). One method, originally proposed by Takahashi and Imada, is based on a higher-order approximation (HOA) of the quantum mechanical density operator. The other method is based upon an effective propagator (EPr). This propagator is constructed such that it produces correctly one and two-particle imaginary time correlation functions in the limit of small densities even for finite Trotter numbers P. We discuss the conceptual differences between both methods and compare the convergence rate of both approaches. While the HOA method converges faster than the EPr approach, EPr gives surprisingly good estimates of thermal quantities already for P = 1. Despite a significant improvement with respect to PA, neither HOA nor EPr overcomes the need to increase P linearly with inverse temperature. We also derive the proper estimator for radial distribution functions for HOA based path integral simulations.Comment: 17 pages, latex, 6 postscript figure

Microwave radiation can alter protein conformation without bulk heating

AbstractExposure to microwave radiation enhances the aggregation of bovine serum albumin in vitro in a time- and temperature-dependent manner. Microwave radiation also promotes amyloid fibril formation by bovine insulin at 60°C. These alterations in protein conformation are not accompanied by measurable temperature changes, consistent with estimates from field modelling of the specific absorbed radiation (15–20 mW kg−1). Limited denaturation of cellular proteins could explain our previous observation that modest heat-shock responses are induced by microwave exposure in Caenorhabditis elegans. We also show that heat-shock responses both to heat and microwaves are suppressed after RNA interference ablating heat-shock factor function

Long Range Magnetic Order and the Darwin Lagrangian

We simulate a finite system of $N$ confined electrons with inclusion of the Darwin magnetic interaction in two- and three-dimensions. The lowest energy states are located using the steepest descent quenching adapted for velocity dependent potentials. Below a critical density the ground state is a static Wigner lattice. For supercritical density the ground state has a non-zero kinetic energy. The critical density decreases with $N$ for exponential confinement but not for harmonic confinement. The lowest energy state also depends on the confinement and dimension: an antiferromagnetic cluster forms for harmonic confinement in two dimensions.Comment: 5 figure

Processo de obtenção e avaliação química de doce cristalizado de bocaiuva.

A polpa da bocaiuva é uma excelente fonte de nutrientes como carboidratos, lipídeos, fibras, vitaminas e minerais, além de compostos com ação antioxidante como b 946;-caroteno, a 945;-tocoferol e fenóis totais. Este trabalho teve por objetivo aproveitar a polpa de bocaiuva produzida pelas comunidades extrativistas do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul para elaboração e avaliação química de doce cristalizado. Foram testadas duas formulações de xarope: 75% de sacarose + 25% de glicose e 100% de sacarose. Os frutos foram higienizados para obtenção das lascas da polpa, as quais foram submetidas à cocção por 10 min antes da imersão em xarope a 30ºBrix. A cada 24 horas o xarope foi incrementado para 40, 50, 60 e 70ºBrix. Em seguida as lascas foram enxaguadas, drenadas e submetidas à secagem a 55ºC até teor de água de 8-9%. As lascas de polpas e os doces elaborados foram avaliados quanto aos teores de fenóis totais, taninos, atividade antioxidante e quanto à composição centesimal e valor energético total. Os compostos bioativos avaliados e a atividade antioxidante na polpa in natura são elevados. No doce cristalizado de bocaiuva, a adição de glicose/sacarose é mais eficiente na preservação destes compostos do que quando somente sacarose. O doce cristalizado contém elevado valor energético, devido principalmente a adição dos açúcares, e reduzidos teores de cinzas, proteínas e lipídeos. A elaboração de doce cristalizado de bocaiuva é uma alternativa de aproveitamento da polpa, com disponibilização de produtos artesanais com valor agregado e maior tempo de comercialização.Agroecol 2016. 1 CD-ROM. Publicado também em: Cadernos de Agroecologia, v. 11, n. 2, 2016