Early- Versus Late-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: Two Different Pathophysiological Subtypes with Implications for Therapy

Insulin, as measured by C-peptide, is produced for decades after onset of type 1 diabetes, and even very low levels of C-peptide have clinical significance. In this chapter we show that two distinct pathophysiological subtypes of type 1 diabetic subjects can be distinguished. Early-onset diabetic subjects (≤20 years) have rapid loss of C-peptide, whereas late-onset diabetic subjects (>20 years) have slower C-peptide declines over decades. Early-onset diabetics have significantly lower levels of persistent autoreactive CD8+ T cells than do late-onset diabetic subjects. In late-onset disease, robust production of autoreactive T-cells occurs even in the absence of C-peptide. Metabolomics analysis reveals frequent differences between the two subtypes of subjects in the levels of amino acids, carbohydrates, cofactors, lipids, peptides, and xenobiotics. There are statistically significant differences related to protective islet functions, islet health, development, blood sugar control, and regulation of exocrine pancreas function. Taken together these findings suggest that pancreas pathobiology, as well as durability of abnormal T-cell response should be considered in immune targeting treatments. Therapies aimed at immune defects alone are likely to work best in late-onset diabetics. Therapies aimed at islet cell preservation in early-onset diabetic subjects likely have greater efficacy if administered shortly after disease onset

Libraries Connect Communities: Public Library Funding & Technology Access Study 2008-2009

Based on a survey of public libraries, examines trends in demand for, provision of, and quality of free computer and Internet services and in library budgets. Includes state data and suggestions for improving public access connectivity and infrastructure

Computational analysis of signaling patterns in single cells

Signaling proteins are flexible in both form and function. They can bind to multiple molecular partners and integrate diverse types of cellular information. When imaged by time-lapse microscopy, many signaling proteins show complex patterns of activity or localization that vary from cell to cell. This heterogeneity is so prevalent that it has spurred the development of new computational strategies to analyze single-cell signaling patterns. A collective observation from these analyses is that cells appear less heterogeneous when their responses are normalized to, or synchronized with, other single-cell measurements. In many cases, these transformed signaling patterns show distinct dynamical trends that correspond with predictable phenotypic outcomes. When signaling mechanisms are unclear, computational models can suggest putative molecular interactions that are experimentally testable. Thus, computational analysis of single-cell signaling has not only provided new ways to quantify the responses of individual cells, but has helped resolve longstanding questions surrounding many well-studied human signaling proteins including NF-κB, p53, ERK1/2, and CDK2. A number of specific challenges lie ahead for single-cell analysis such as quantifying the contribution of non-cell autonomous signaling as well as the characterization of protein signaling dynamics in vivo

Quality Delivered: How a Pandemic Fostered Innovation and Creative Solutions in Clinical Education

Background: Clinical education placements for students enrolled in healthcare programs were abruptly upended in March 2020 due to COVID-19. Programs were faced with decisions of how to mitigate substantive challenges due to an unforeseen pandemic within timeframes that would align with curricular sequences and graduation dates. Schools quickly modified curriculum formats, implemented alternative teaching and learning instruction and developed safety protocols to protect students, clinical faculty, and patients. Purpose: The aim of this study explored the strategies employed by one physical therapy school’s clinical education team, which resulted in successful completion of clinical course requirements and on-time graduation. Method: Data was collected on a single cohort of eighty (n=80) students who experienced changes in the timing, location, and/or progression of their clinical experiences due to COVID-19 related complications. The use of innovative clinically-oriented teaching strategies including web-based patient case simulation, virtual grand rounds, and other creative learning activities effectively supported student engagement both in and outside of clinical settings. Alternative learning strategies provided students the opportunity to progress through the clinical education curriculum, meet educational objectives, and satisfy the standard requirements by the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE). Performance on the Clinical Performance Instrument (CPI) for the cohort of students affected by COVID-19 was compared to a cohort from 2019 who were not affected by COVID-19 related issues. Results: Analysis using Mann Whitney U statistics showed there were no significant differences in performance on the CPI between the groups (p=0.874). Conclusion: Looking forward, there is an opportunity for schools to build on what was learned during the pandemic and apply those strategies to other non-pandemic related situations with successful outcomes. Innovative teaching and learning strategies can help to bridge the gap of time out of clinic for any student who may experience an interruption in clinical education due to injury, illness, or other situation, and can provide a way for students to progress successfully through their physical therapy education

The Ursinus Weekly, November 11, 1977

Task force in gear • The Medical Credentials Committee • Financial aid simplified • 16 selected for Who\u27s who • After graduation • Ursinus news in brief: Ruby sellout; New Library service • Comment: Take a risk • Letters to the editor • Movie attack: Exorcist two; You light up my life; The Island of Dr. Moreau • Comment on the arts • Art and loneliness III • On killing blank space • Andy Campbell • Women\u27s volleyball • Hockey wins • Bears edge Widener • 3 & 4 score morehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1076/thumbnail.jp

An examination of targeted gene neighborhoods in strawberry

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Strawberry (<it>Fragaria </it>spp.) is the familiar name of a group of economically important crop plants and wild relatives that also represent an emerging system for the study of gene and genome evolution. Its small stature, rapid seed-to-seed cycle, transformability and miniscule basic genome make strawberry an attractive system to study processes related to plant physiology, development and crop production; yet it lacks substantial genomics-level resources. This report addresses this deficiency by characterizing 0.71 Mbp of gene space from a diploid species (<it>F. vesca</it>). The twenty large genomic tracks (30-52 kb) captured as fosmid inserts comprise gene regions with roles in flowering, disease resistance, and metabolism.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A detailed description of the studied regions reveals 131 Blastx-supported gene sites and eight additional EST-supported gene sites. Only 15 genes have complete EST coverage, enabling gene modelling, while 76 lack EST support. Instances of microcolinearity with <it>Arabidopsis thaliana </it>were identified in twelve inserts. A relatively high portion (25%) of targeted genes were found in unanticipated tandem duplications. The effectiveness of six FGENESH training models was assessed via comparisons among <it>ab initio </it>predictions and homology-based gene and start/stop codon identifications. Fourteen transposable-element-related sequences and 158 simple sequence repeat loci were delineated.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This report details the structure and content of targeted regions of the strawberry genome. The data indicate that the strawberry genome is gene-dense, with an average of one protein-encoding gene or pseudogene per 5.9 kb. Current overall EST coverage is sparse. The unexpected gene duplications and their differential patterns of EST support suggest possible subfunctionalization or pseudogenization of these sequences. This report provides a high-resolution depiction of targeted gene neighborhoods that will aid whole-genome sequence assembly, provide valuable tools for plant breeders and advance the understanding of strawberry genome evolution.</p

The Ursinus Weekly, November 4, 1977

Communications conference • Union drops 13 • Alumni receive awards • Concert at Ursinus? • Founders Day held • S.F.A.R.C. meets • Comment: Ursinus and the real world • Letters to the editor • Ursinus and growth • Let\u27s get small • Kuster on the weather • The One acts • West Chester 4, Ursinus 1 • Soccer drops two • Football drops to 2-4 • 3 & 4 drive on!https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1075/thumbnail.jp

The Ursinus Weekly, November 23, 1977

Ursinus News in Brief: U.S.G.A. threatens boycott petition; Cafeteria dinner affirmed; Jessup announces computer courses; Williamson nominates two; Four elected to task force; Ursinus appliance team • Vandalism to exceed \u2776 totals: President\u27s dining room vandalized • U.C. unaware of breakout: How safe is Ursinus? • Enrollments decrease • Five call for U.S.G.A. action • Comment • Letters to the editor • Movie attack: MacArthur • A view of Wismer • Burns debuts as deity • Sex and drugs • Medical credentials • Opinion: S.F.A.R.C. • Grizzly Gridiron closes at 2-7 • Women\u27s volleyball: Wrap-up • Soccer finale • 3 & 4 end season 9-1 • Varsity hockey • X-Country dominateshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1077/thumbnail.jp

The Ursinus Weekly, November 23, 1977

Ursinus News in Brief: U.S.G.A. threatens boycott petition; Cafeteria dinner affirmed; Jessup announces computer courses; Williamson nominates two; Four elected to task force; Ursinus appliance team • Vandalism to exceed \u2776 totals: President\u27s dining room vandalized • U.C. unaware of breakout: How safe is Ursinus? • Enrollments decrease • Five call for U.S.G.A. action • Comment • Letters to the editor • Movie attack: MacArthur • A view of Wismer • Burns debuts as deity • Sex and drugs • Medical credentials • Opinion: S.F.A.R.C. • Grizzly Gridiron closes at 2-7 • Women\u27s volleyball: Wrap-up • Soccer finale • 3 & 4 end season 9-1 • Varsity hockey • X-Country dominateshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1077/thumbnail.jp