1,140 research outputs found
Hybrid Quarkonia with High Statistics from NRQCD
We have studied the O(mv^6) effects in NRQCD on the spectrum of heavy
quarkonia and compare our results for different lattices (quenched and
dynamical). We also report on an investigation into hybrid states within the
framework of NRQCD. This suggests that the lowest lying hybrid is around the
B^* \bar B threshold and 3 standard deviations above the B \bar B.Comment: 3 pages, LaTeX2e, 4 figures, uses styles [espcrc2, epsf], talk
presented at Lattice 9
Radial Excited States for Heavy Quark Systems in NRQCD
Following the Non-Relativistic QCD approach we use a gauge invariant smearing
method with factorization to measure the excitation energies for a heavy
system on a lattice at . The results come
from averaging over an ensemble of 60 QCD configurations. In order to enhance
the signal from each configuration we use wall sources for quark propagators.
The quark Hamiltonian contains only the simplest non-relativistic kinetic
energy term. The results are listed for a range of bare quark masses. The mass
splittings are insensitive to this variable though there are a slight trends
with increasing quark mass. For an appropriate choice of UV cut-off
(Gev) the mass spectrum compares reasonably well with the
experimental values for the spin-averaged energy gaps of the system.
We also present results for the and waves for the lowest bare quark
mass. The results are consistent with degeneracy between the two types of
wave. This encourages the idea that even with our simple quark Hamiltonian the
departure from rotational invariance is not great.Comment: 12 page
Non-Relativistic QCD for Heavy Quark Systems
We employ a nonrelativistic version of QCD (NRQCD) to study heavy
quark-antiquark bound states in the lowest approximation without fine
structure. We use gluon configurations on a 16^3 by 48 lattice at beta=6.2 from
the UKQCD collaboration. For quark masses in the vicinity of the b we obtain
bound state masses for S, P and both types of D wave. We also detect signals
for two types of hybrids (quark,antiquark,gluon states). The results are
sufficiently accurate to confirm that the values of the D wave mass from both
lattice D waves coincide indicating that the cubical invariance of the lattice
is restored to full rotational invariance at large distance.
Our results also show that the S-P splitting is indeed insensitive to
variations in the bare quark mass from Ma=1.0 to Ma=1.9.Comment: 13 pages, DAMTP-92-7
Semileptonic B Decays from an NRQCD/D234 Action
Semileptonic B decays are studied on quenched anisotropic lattices using
Symanzik improved glue, NRQCD heavy quark and D234 light quark actions. We
employ constrained fits to extract ground state contributions to two- and
three-point correlators. Results for the B --> pi, l nubar decay form factors
are compared with previous lattice results. We find that our systematic errors
(excluding quenching errors) are dominated by chiral extrapolation
uncertainties.Comment: Lattice2002(Heavy quark physics
Upsilon Spectrum from NRQCD with Improved Action
We explore the effect of higher order operators in the non-relativistic
formulation of QCD (NRQCD). We calculated masses in the b \bar b spectrum using
quenched gauge configurations at beta = 6.0 and two different NRQCD actions
which have been corrected to order mv^4 and mv^6. The two-point functions are
calculated in a gauge invariant fashion. We find the general structure of the
spectrum to be the same in the two cases. Using the P - 3S1 splitting we
determine the inverse lattice spacings to be 2.44(4) GeV and 2.44(5) GeV for
the mv^4 and mv^6 actions, respectively. We do observe shifts in the spin
splittings. The hyperfine splitting is reduced by approximately 4 MeV, while
the fine splitting is down by up to 10 MeV, albeit with large statistical
errors.Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX2e , 4 figures, uses styles [11pt, a4wide, epsf]. A
minor typo in figure 2 has been correcte
Effect of Workload History on Task Performance
Objective: This study investigated the effects of workload history (specifically, sudden shifts in workload) on performance. Background: In 1993 the National Research Council identified workload transition as an important concern for human factors researchers. The study of workload history suggests that what an individual has been doing prior to a point in time has an effect on subsequent performance. One trend emerging from workload history studies is that a general decrement in performance is most likely to occur following a decrease in task demand. Method: The 198 participants were randomly assigned to a high-to-low or low-to-high condition. Participants performed a version of the Bakan Vigilance Task while correct responses, response times, and total errors were recorded. Results: Results supported previous research suggesting a workload decrease results in a performance decrement. More importantly, this study reports that either a sudden increase or decrease could lead to a loss in accuracy and a slowing of response time in a longer time course. Conclusion: An explanation of the decrement is offered in terms of adaptation models. In addition, a follow-up study suggested that the decrement is a result of something inherent in the workload shift rather than an effect of fatigue. Application: Workload history (more specifically, a workload shift) has significant implications for many work environments. These implications are particularly salient in occupations where individuals are confronted with varying levels of workload demand, especially safety-sensitive occupations.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline
The Isgur-Wise function in a relativistic model for system
We use the Dirac equation with a ``(asymptotically free) Coulomb + (Lorentz
scalar) linear '' potential to estimate the light quark wavefunction for mesons in the limit . We use these wavefunctions to
calculate the Isgur-Wise function for orbital and radial
ground states in the phenomenologically interesting range . We find a simple expression for the zero-recoil slope, , where is the energy eigenvalue
of the light quark, which can be identified with the parameter
of the Heavy Quark Effective Theory. This result implies an upper bound of
for the slope . Also, because for a very light quark the size of the meson is determined mainly by the
``confining'' term in the potential , the shape of
is seen to be mostly sensitive to the dimensionless
ratio . We present results for the ranges of
parameters , and
light quark masses and compare to existing
experimental data and other theoretical estimates. Fits to the data give:
,
and [ARGUS
'93]; , and
[CLEO '93]; ${\bar\Lambda_{u,d}}^2/Comment: 22 pages, Latex, 4 figures (not included) available by fax or via
email upon reques
Collapse of ringlike structures in 2DEGs under tilted magnetic fields
In the quantum Hall regime, the longitudinal resistivity plotted
as a density--magnetic-field () diagram displays ringlike structures
due to the crossings of two sets of spin split Landau levels from different
subbands [e.g., Zhang \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{95}, 216801
(2005)]. For tilted magnetic fields, some of these ringlike structures "shrink"
as the tilt angle is increased and fully collapse at . Here we theoretically investigate the topology of these structures
via a non-interacting model for the 2DEG. We account for the inter Landau-level
coupling induced by the tilted magnetic field via perturbation theory. This
coupling results in anti-crossings of Landau levels with parallel spins. With
the new energy spectrum, we calculate the corresponding diagram of
the density of states (DOS) near the Fermi level. We argue that the DOS
displays the same topology as in the diagram. For the
ring with filling factor , we find that the anti-crossings make it
shrink for increasing tilt angles and collapse at a large enough angle. Using
effective parameters to fit the data, we find a collapsing
angle . Despite this factor-of-two discrepancy with
the experimental data, our model captures the essential mechanism underlying
the ring collapse.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures; Proceedings of the PASPS V Conference Held in
August 2008 in Foz do Igua\c{c}u, Brazi
Comparing the efficacy, safety, and utility of intensive insulin algorithms for a primary care practice
Diabetes management is firmly based within the primary care community. Landmark randomized, controlled trials have demonstrated that even modest reductions in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) can yield improvements in economic and medical end-points. Diabetes is a chronic, progressive disease associated with loss of pancreatic β-cell function. Therefore, most patients will eventually require insulin therapies in order to achieve their individualized targeted HbA1c as their β-cell function and mass wanes. Although clinicians understand the importance of early insulin initiation, there is little agreement as to when to introduce insulin as a therapeutic option. Once initiated, questions remain as to whether to allow the patients to self-titrate their dose or whether the dosing should be tightly regulated by the clinician. Physicians have many evidence-based basal insulin protocols from which to choose, all of which have been shown to drive HbA1c levels to the American Diabetes Association target of ≤7%. This article will discuss ways by which insulin therapies can be effectively introduced to patients within busy primary care practices. Published evidence-based basal insulin protocols will be evaluated for safety and efficacy
Life path analysis: scaling indicates priming effects of social and habitat factors on dispersal distances
1. Movements of many animals along a life-path can be separated into repetitive ones within home ranges and transitions between home ranges. We sought relationships of social and environmental factors with initiation and distance of transition movements in 114 buzzards Buteo buteo that were marked as nestlings with long-life radio tags.
2. Ex-natal dispersal movements of 51 buzzards in autumn were longer than for 30 later in their first year and than 35 extra-natal movements between home ranges after leaving nest areas. In the second and third springs, distances moved from winter focal points by birds that paired were the same or less than for unpaired birds. No post-nuptial movement exceeded 2 km.
3. Initiation of early ex-natal dispersal was enhanced by presence of many sibs, but also by lack of worm-rich loam soils. Distances travelled were greatest for birds from small broods and with relatively little short grass-feeding habitat near the nest. Later movements were generally enhanced by the absence of loam soils and short grassland, especially with abundance of other buzzards and probable poor feeding habitats (heathland, long grass).
4. Buzzards tended to persist in their first autumn where arable land was abundant, but subsequently showed a strong tendency to move from this habitat.
5. Factors that acted most strongly in ½-km buffers round nests, or round subsequent focal points, usually promoted movement compared with factors acting at a larger scale. Strong relationships between movement distances and environmental characteristics in ½-km buffers, especially during early ex-natal dispersal, suggested that buzzards became primed by these factors to travel far.
6. Movements were also farthest for buzzards that had already moved far from their natal nests, perhaps reflecting genetic predisposition, long-term priming or poor habitat beyond the study area
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