York Art: A Subject List of Extant and Lost Art

A list, classified by subject, of extant and lost art from pre-Reformation York originally compiled by Clifford Davidson and David E. O\u27Connor in 1978 and updated by Clifford Davidson, apparently in 2003. This digital reprint was created in 2014 for ScholarWorks at WMU

Characterization study of polycrystalline tin oxide surfaces before and after reduction in CO

Polycrystalline tin oxide surfaces have been examined before and after reduction in 40 Torr of CO at 100 and 175 C using Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS) and electron stimulated desorption (ESD). The changes in the surface composition and chemical states of the surface species generally are subtle for the reductive conditions used. However, significant changes do occur with regard to the amounts and the chemical forms of the hydrogen-containing species remaining after both the 100 and 175 C reductions

Wave Function of a Brane-like Universe

Within the mini-superspace model, brane-like cosmology means performing the variation with respect to the embedding (Minkowski) time $\tau$ before fixing the cosmic (Einstein) time $t$. The departure from Einstein limit is parameterized by the 'energy' conjugate to $\tau$, and characterized by a classically disconnected Embryonic epoch. In contrast with canonical quantum gravity, the wave-function of the brane-like Universe is (i) $\tau$-dependent, and (ii) vanishes at the Big Bang. Hartle-Hawking and Linde proposals dictate discrete 'energy' levels, whereas Vilenkin proposal resembles $\alpha$-particle disintegration.Comment: Revtex, 4 twocolumn pages, 3 eps figures (accepted for publication in Class. Quan. Grav.

AN \u3ci\u3eIN VITRO\u3c/i\u3e MICRO-VOLUME PROCEDURE FOR RAPID MEASUREMENT OF ERYTHROCYTIC HEXOSE MONOPHOSPHATE SHUNT ACTIVITY

I. A radiometric micro-volume procedure for measurement of erythrocytic hexose monophosphate shunt (HMS) activity in intact cells in vitro is described. 2.The procedure is rapid, allowing 200 individual HMS determinations in a single experiment of 5 hr duration. 3. The procedure is reproducible, yielding HMS activity means insignificantly different (P \u3e 0.05) between replicate experiments. 4. A profile of sodium nitrite-induced HMS stimulation is reported: HMS was elevated 2-fold (P \u3c 0.001) between zero and 2.5mM NaN02; HMS elevation was more distinct (7-fold) between 2.5 and 5.0mM NaNO2; maximum activity (22-fold) was observed between 10 and 20mM NaN02; \u3e 20mM NaNO2 caused significant (P \u3c 0.001) diminution of HMS; glucose carbon recycling through the HMS occurred only with \u3e 2.5mM NaNO2 where this process contributed :::; 16% to total HMS activity

Usual and Unusual Care: Existing Practice Control Groups in Randomized Controlled Trials of Behavioral Interventions

Objective: To evaluate the use of existing practice control groups in randomized controlled trials of behavioral interventions and the role of extrinsic health care services in the design and conduct of behavioral trials. Method: Selective qualitative review. Results: Extrinsic health care services, also known as nonstudy care, have important but under-recognized effects on the design and conduct of behavioral trials. Usual care, treatment-as-usual, standard of care, and other existing practice control groups pose a variety of methodological and ethical challenges, but they play a vital role in behavioral intervention research. Conclusions: This review highlights the need for a scientific consensus statement on control groups in behavioral trials

Losing life and livelihood: A systematic review and meta-analysis of unemployment and all-cause mortality

Unemployment rates in the United States remain near a 25-year high and global unemployment is rising. Previous studies have shown that unemployed persons have an increased risk of death, but the magnitude of the risk and moderating factors have not been explored. The study is a random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression designed to assess the association between unemployment and all-cause mortality among working-age persons. We extracted 235 mortality risk estimates from 42 studies, providing data on more than 20 million persons. The mean hazard ratio (HR) for mortality was 1.63 among HRs adjusted for age and additional covariates. The mean effect was higher for men than for women. Unemployment was associated with an increased mortality risk for those in their early and middle careers, but less for those in their late career. The risk of death was highest during the first 10 years of follow-up, but decreased subsequently. The mean HR was 24% lower among the subset of studies controlling for health-related behaviors. Public health initiatives could target unemployed persons for more aggressive cardiovascular screening and interventions aimed at reducing risk-taking behaviors

The global burden of neonatal hypothermia: systematic review of a major challenge for newborn survival

BACKGROUND: To provide evidence on the global epidemiological situation of neonatal hypothermia and to provide recommendations for future policy and research directions. METHODS: Using PubMed as our principal electronic reference library, we searched studies for prevalence and risk factor data on neonatal hypothermia in resource-limited environments globally. Studies specifying study location, setting (hospital or community based), sample size, case definition of body temperature for hypothermia, temperature measurement method, and point estimates for hypothermia prevalence were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS: Hypothermia is common in infants born at hospitals (prevalence range, 32% to 85%) and homes (prevalence range, 11% to 92%), even in tropical environments. The lack of thermal protection is still an underappreciated major challenge for newborn survival in developing countries. Although hypothermia is rarely a direct cause of death, it contributes to a substantial proportion of neonatal mortality globally, mostly as a comorbidity of severe neonatal infections, preterm birth, and asphyxia. Thresholds for the definition of hypothermia vary, and data on its prevalence in neonates is scarce, particularly on a community level in Africa. CONCLUSIONS: A standardized approach to the collection and analysis of hypothermia data in existing newborn programs and studies is needed to inform policy and program planners on optimal thermal protection interventions. Thermoprotective behavior changes such as skin-to-skin care or the use of appropriate devices have not yet been scaled up globally. The introduction of simple hypothermia prevention messages and interventions into evidence-based, cost-effective packages for maternal and newborn care has promising potential to decrease the heavy global burden of newborn deaths attributable to severe infections, prematurity, and asphyxia. Because preventing and treating newborn hypothermia in health institutions and communities is relatively easy, addressing this widespread challenge might play a substantial role in reaching Millennium Development Goal 4, a reduction of child mortality