552 research outputs found
The Regulation of Electroconvulsive Therapy in California: The Impact of Recent Constitutional Interpretations
This article will begin with a brief description of ECT. Those less interested in the medical aspects may ignore this section. Such information could be important to an attorney, however, especially in an ECT malpractice action or other direct dealings with an ECT patient. The existing California regulatory scheme of ECT will be detailed, followed by constitutional arguments regarding the review committee, risk disclosure, and substitute consent provisions of these laws. It is the purpose of this discussion not only to provide the reader with an introduction to the California ECT laws, but to argue that such laws are a valid and important means of protecting the mentally ill
New Levels of Language Processing Complexity and Organization Revealed by Granger Causation
Granger causation analysis of high spatiotemporal resolution reconstructions of brain activation offers a new window on the dynamic interactions between brain areas that support language processing. Premised on the observation that causes both precede and uniquely predict their effects, this approach provides an intuitive, model-free means of identifying directed causal interactions in the brain. It requires the analysis of all non-redundant potentially interacting signals, and has shown that even âearlyâ processes such as speech perception involve interactions of many areas in a strikingly large network that extends well beyond traditional left hemisphere perisylvian cortex that play out over hundreds of milliseconds. In this paper we describe this technique and review several general findings that reframe the way we think about language processing and brain function in general. These include the extent and complexity of language processing networks, the central role of interactive processing dynamics, the role of processing hubs where the input from many distinct brain regions are integrated, and the degree to which task requirements and stimulus properties influence processing dynamics and inform our understanding of âlanguage-specificâ localized processes
Optical dilution and feedback cooling of a gram-scale oscillator to 6.9 mK
We report on use of a radiation pressure induced restoring force, the optical
spring effect, to optically dilute the mechanical damping of a 1 gram suspended
mirror, which is then cooled by active feedback (cold damping). Optical
dilution relaxes the limit on cooling imposed by mechanical losses, allowing
the oscillator mode to reach a minimum temperature of 6.9 mK, a factor of
~40000 below the environmental temperature. A further advantage of the optical
spring effect is that it can increase the number of oscillations before
decoherence by several orders of magnitude. In the present experiment we infer
an increase in the dynamical lifetime of the state by a factor of ~200
Thinning of Eastern cottonwood in Missouri
The publication is a joint report by the Central States Forest Experiment Station Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Missouri Agriculture Experiment Station--P. [2].Digitized 2007 AES
Implications of microstructure theory for empirical research in stock price behavior
This paper examines the implications of microstructure theory for empirical research on stock price behaviorMicrostructure theory; empirical research on stock price behavior
A squeezed state source using radiation pressure induced rigidity
We propose an experiment to extract ponderomotive squeezing from an
interferometer with high circulating power and low mass mirrors. In this
interferometer, optical resonances of the arm cavities are detuned from the
laser frequency, creating a mechanical rigidity that dramatically suppresses
displacement noise. After taking into account imperfection of optical elements,
laser noise, and other technical noise consistent with existing laser and
optical technologies and typical laboratory environments, we expect the output
light from the interferometer to have measurable squeezing of ~5 dB, with a
frequency-independent squeeze angle for frequencies below 1 kHz. This squeeze
source is well suited for injection into a gravitational-wave interferometer,
leading to improved sensitivity from reduction in the quantum noise.
Furthermore, this design provides an experimental test of quantum-limited
radiation pressure effects, which have not previously been tested.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Experimental demonstration of a classical analog to quantum noise cancellation for use in gravitational wave detection
We present results that are a classical analog to quantum noise cancellation. It is possible to breach the standard quantum limit in an interferometer by the use of squeezing to correlate orthogonal quadratures of quantum noise, causing their effects on the resulting sensitivity to cancel. A laser beam incident on a Fabry-Perot cavity was imprinted with classical, correlated noise in the same quadratures that cause shot noise and radiation pressure noise. Couplings between these quadratures due to a movable mirror, sensitive to radiation pressure, cause the excess classical noise to cancel. This cancellation was shown to improve the signal to noise ratio of an injected signal by approximately a factor of 10
Squeezing in the audio gravitational wave detection band
We demonstrate the generation of broad-band continuous-wave optical squeezing
down to 200Hz using a below threshold optical parametric oscillator (OPO). The
squeezed state phase was controlled using a noise locking technique. We show
that low frequency noise sources, such as seed noise, pump noise and detuning
fluctuations, present in optical parametric amplifiers have negligible effect
on squeezing produced by a below threshold OPO. This low frequency squeezing is
ideal for improving the sensitivity of audio frequency measuring devices such
as gravitational wave detectors.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
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