Diseño de un modelo de gestión de inventarios para la empresa importadora de vinos y licores Global Wine and Spirits Ltda.

Ingeniero (a) IndustrialPregrad

Shareholder Exclusion Rules in the Stock Corporation, Is its Regulation Necessary in the Colombian Corporate System?

La exclusión de accionistas le ofrece la oportunidad a una sociedad de prescindir de un socio cuando las actuaciones de este afectan la realización de operaciones vitales para el futuro de la estructura societaria. Como garantía, el socio excluido recibirá una suma en dinero, que se calculará teniendo en cuenta el valor que tenía su acción en el mercado. Cabe resaltar que el accionista tendrá la posibilidad de impugnar dicha actuación cuando esta se haya realizado de forma arbitraria. En la actualidad, el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano no prevé la posibilidad de pactar estatutariamente causales de exclusión para la sociedad anónima, situación que afecta contundentemente la continuidad en el plan de negocios previsto por muchas sociedades. De esta manera, es importante analizar si realmente se necesita una norma que consagre la posibilidad de excluir estatutariamente a un accionista de una sociedad anónima.Editorial LegisThe squeeze-out rules offer an opportunity to the Corporation to exclude a shareholder when his actions affect the performance of vital operations for the future of the corporate structure. As a guarantee, the excluded partner will receive a sum which will be calculated taking into account the value of his or her share in the market. It should be noted that the shareholder will have the pos sibility to dispute that decision, when it has been carried out arbi trarily. Currently, the Colombian legal system does not provide the possibility of statutorily agreeing squeeze-out rules for the stock corporation, a situation that strongly affects the continuity of the business plan contemplated by many companies. Because of it, it is important to analyze if it is necessary to create a squeeze-out rule for the stock corporation

The influence of postoperative albumin levels on the outcome of cardiac surgery

Background: The prognostic role of low postoperative serum albumin levels (SAL) after cardiac surgery (CS) remains unclear in patients with normal preoperative SAL. Our aim was to evaluate the influence of SAL on the outcome of CS.MethodsProspective observational study. Patients undergoing CS with normal preoperative SAL and nutritional status were included and classified into different subgroups based on SAL at 24h after CS. We assessed outcomes (i.e., in-hospital mortality, postoperative complications and long-term survival) and results were analyzed among the different subgroups of SAL. Results: We included 2818 patients. Mean age was 64.511.6years and body mass index 28.0 +/- 4.3Kg.m(-2). 5.8%(n=162) of the patients had normal SAL levels(>= 35g.L-1), 32.8%(n=924) low deficit (30-34.9g.L-1), 44.3%(n=1249) moderate deficit (25-29.9g.L-1), and 17.1%(n=483) severe deficit(<25g.L-1). Higher SAL after CS was associated with reduced in-hospital (OR:0.84;95% CI:0.80-0.84; P=0.007) and long-term mortality (HR:0.85;95% CI:0.82-0.87;P<0.001). Subgroups of patients with lower SAL showed worst long-term survival (5-year mortality:94.3% normal subgroup, 87.4% low, 83.1% moderate and 72.4% severe;P<0.001). Multivariable analysis showed higher in-hospital mortality, sepsis, hemorrhage related complications, and ICU stay in subgroups of patients with lower SAL. Predictors of moderate and severe hypoalbuminemia were preoperative chronic kidney disease, previous CS, and longer cardiopulmonary bypass time. Conclusions: p id=Par The presence of postoperative hypoalbuminemia after CS is frequent and the degree of hypoalbuminemia may be associated with worst outcomes, even in the long-term scenario

Experimental and Computational Study of the Dispersion and Combustion of Wheat Starch and Carbon-Black Particles During the Standard 20L Sphere Test

PresentationThe 20L sphere is one of the standard devices accepted as an international normativity used for dust explosivity characterization. One concern about the effectiveness and reliability of this test is related to the particle size variation due to particles agglomeration and de-agglomeration. These phenomena are determined by the turbulent regime of the dust cloud during the dispersion. This variable must be considered since it determines the uncertainty level of the ignitability and severity parameters of dust combustion. In this context, this study describes the influence of the cloud turbulence on the dust segregation and fragmentation through an experimental and computational study. The behavior of the gas-solid mixture evidenced with the standard rebound nozzle was compared with that observed with six new nozzle geometries. Thereafter, the variations of the Particle Size Distribution (PSD) that occur during the dispersion within the 20L sphere were analyzed for two different powders: carbon-black and micrometric wheat starch. This description is performed with the implementation of two complementary approaches. On the one hand, an experimental approach characterizes the turbulence levels with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) tests that are complemented by the description of the PSD variations with granulometric analyses. On the other hand, a computational approach described the dispersion process with CFD-DEM simulations developed in STAR-CCM+ v11.04.010. The simulation results established that the homogeneity assumption is not satisfied with the nozzles compared in this study. Nonetheless, the particles segregation levels can be reduced using nozzles that generate a better dust distribution in the gas-solid injections. Subsequently, an additional first-approach CFD model was established to study the behavior of the combustion step when a starch/air mixture. This model considers the gas- phase reactions of the combustible gases that are produced from the devolatilization of Wheat starch (CO, CH4, C2H4, C2H6, C2H2 and H2) and allowed to establish the approximate fraction of the particle mass that devolatilizes, as well as to confirm that the modelling of the pyrolysis stage is essential for the correct prediction of the maximum rate of pressure rise

Creación de nuevo recurso educativo virtual para estudiantes de grado en Farmacia

Depto. de Farmacia Galénica y Tecnología AlimentariaFac. de FarmaciaFALSEsubmitte

Creación de un nuevo recurso educativo virtual para estudiantes de grado en Farmacia

Creación de un nuevo recurso educativo virtual para estudiantes de grado en Farmacia sobre la serialización de los medicamentos y los procesos de mezclado

Influence of acute kidney injury on short- and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: risk factors and prognostic value of a modified RIFLE classification

Introduction: The development of acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with poor outcome. The modified RIFLE (risk, injury, failure, loss of kidney function, and end-stage renal failure) classification for AKI, which classifies patients with renal replacement therapy needs according to RIFLE failure class, improves the predictive value of AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Our aim was to assess risk factors for post-operative AKI and the impact of renal function on short- and long-term survival among all AKI subgroups using the modified RIFLE classification. Methods: We prospectively studied 2,940 consecutive cardiosurgical patients between January 2004 and July 2009. AKI was defined according to the modified RIFLE system. Pre-operative, operative and post-operative variables usually measured on and during admission, which included main outcomes, were recorded together with cardiac surgery scores and ICU scores. These data were evaluated for association with AKI and staging in the different RIFLE groups by means of multivariable analyses. Survival was analyzed via Kaplan-Meier and a risk-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression model. A complete follow-up (mean 6.9 ± 4.3 years) was performed in 2,840 patients up to April 2013. Results: Of those patients studied, 14% (n = 409) were diagnosed with AKI. We identified one intra-operative (higher cardiopulmonary bypass time) and two post-operative (a longer need for vasoactive drugs and higher arterial lactate 24 hours after admission) predictors of AKI. The worst outcomes, including in-hospital mortality, were associated with the worst RIFLE class. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed survival of 74.9% in the RIFLE risk group, 42.9% in the RIFLE injury group and 22.3% in the RIFLE failure group (P <0.001). Classification at RIFLE injury (Hazard ratio (HR) = 2.347, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.122 to 4.907, P = 0.023) and RIFLE failure (HR = 3.093, 95% CI 1.460 to 6.550, P = 0.003) were independent predictors for long-term patient mortality. Conclusions: AKI development after cardiac surgery is associated mainly with post-operative variables, which ultimately could lead to a worst RIFLE class. Staging at the RIFLE injury and RIFLE failure class is associated with higher short- and long-term mortality in our population

BUENAS PRÁCTICAS APLICADAS A LA IMPLEMENTACION COLABORATIVO DE APLICATIVOS WEB

RESUMEN La implementación de buenas prácticas para el desarrollo de software, son una compilación de métodos o técnicas que permiten llevar a cabo de manera óptima el conjunto de actividades que comprenden el desarrollo de un sistema de información. En el campo de desarrollo de software colaborativo, estas prácticas son empleadas con el fin de que las actividades realizadas por cada miembro de un equipo de trabajo, y esté tengan concordancia con las actividades realizadas por los demás miembros. Esto se realiza mediante el seguimiento de las normas correspondientes, que al ser implementadas, generan un proyecto comprensible por quienes conforman el equipo de trabajo. El no seguimiento de las mismas, puede generar retrasos e incluso fracaso en un proyecto de desarrollo colaborativo, debido qué al no establecer una metodología específica para la solución de un problema, cada miembro del equipo puede tomar diferentes caminos para la solución del mismo, pudiendo las discrepancias entre los mismos, provocar futuros problemas de compatibilidad dentro del sistema a implementar. Este proyecto pretende llevar a cabo el establecimiento de una metodología de desarrollo, que involucre una serie de actividades para la implementación colaborativa de un aplicativo web en el entorno colaborativo cloud9, basada en las buenas prácticas, con la posterior aplicación y evaluación de la misma, de acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos

The Influence of Body Mass Index on Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: Does the Obesity Paradox Really Exist?

Purpose: Obesity influences risk stratification in cardiac surgery in everyday practice. However, some studies have reported better outcomes in patients with a high body mass index (BMI): this is known as the obesity paradox. The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of diverse degrees of high BMI on clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery, and to assess the existence of an obesity paradox in our patients. Methods: A total of 2,499 consecutive patients requiring all types of cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass between January 2004 and February 2009 were prospectively studied at our institution. Patients were divided into four groups based on BMI: normal weight (18.524.9 kg∙m−2; n = 523; 21.4%), overweight (2529.9kg∙m−2; n = 1150; 47%), obese (≥30≤34.9kg∙m−2; n = 624; 25.5%) and morbidly obese (≥35kg∙m−2; n = 152; 6.2%). Follow-up was performed in 2,379 patients during the first year. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, patients with higher BMI presented worse oxygenation and better nutritional status, reflected by lower PaO2/FiO2 at 24h and higher albumin levels 48h after admission respectively. Obese patients showed a higher risk for Perioperative Myocardial Infarction (OR: 1.768; 95% CI: 1.0353.022; p = 0.037) and septicaemia (OR: 1.489; 95% CI: 1.2821.997; p = 0.005). In-hospital mortality was 4.8% (n = 118) and 1-year mortality was 10.1% (n = 252). No differences were found regarding in-hospital mortality between BMI groups. The overweight group showed better 1-year survival than normal weight patients (91.2% vs. 87.6%; Log Rank: p = 0.029. HR: 1.496; 95% CI: 1.0622.108; p = 0.021). Conclusions: In our population, obesity increases Perioperative Myocardial Infarction and septicaemia after cardiac surgery, but does not influence in-hospital mortality. Although we found better 1-year survival in overweight patients, our results do not support any protective effect of obesity in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

La llicenciatura en Física: Perfil de la professió. Estudi d’inserció professional

Les oportunitats professionals dels llicenciats i llicenciades en Física han evolucionat molt en el passat immediat, i també s’ha ampliat els tipus de sectors laborals que enrolen físics. Fa just trenta anys, la major part dels titulats era absorbida pel sector de l’ensenyament secundari i superior. Una minoria aconseguia fer carrera de recerca, principalment en centres acadèmics. En l’actualitat el panorama ha canviat força ja que, com revelen algunes enquestes a graduats recents de mitjan els anys noranta, la sortida professional de l’ensenyament només representava un 50 % del total