Observations on the Kalliapseudid Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Malacostraca: Peracarida) from the Northwestern Atlantic, with an Illustrated Key to the Species

New information for the kalliapseudid Tanaidacea occurring in the northwestern Atlantic is presented and discussed, including data on range extensions and new depth ranges for 4 species. The taxa studied came from the shelf and coastal waters of the southeastern United States, Puerto Rico and Trinidad. The occurrence of Mesokalliapseudes bahamensis Sieg is extended from the Bahamas and Belize to the coastal waters of East and Gulf coasts (South Carolina to West Florida). The range of Psammokalliapseudes granulosus Brum is expanded northward into the eastern Gulf of Mexico and new locality records for this species are established for Tobago and Puerto Rico. Mesokalliapseudes brasiliensis (Băcescu), previously known from the southwestern Atlantic off Brazil, is reported from the coastal waters off Trinidad. The range of Tanapseudes gutui Hansknecht, Heard, and Bamber is expanded northward into the eastern Gulf of Mexico. New depth ranges are established for Alokalliapseudes macsweenyi (Drumm) (82 m), M. bahamensis (52 m), P. granulosus (53 m), and T. gutui (82 m). An offshore form of A. macsweenyi occurs at depths ranging from 10-82 m on the inner and mid continental shelf off the west coast of Florida (Gulf of Mexico); it differs from the coastal form by the shape and dentition of the male and female chelipeds. Synonymies, diagnoses, life history remarks, and an illustrated key to the seven kalliapseudid species known from the NW Atlantic are presented

Serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms and brain function during emotional distraction from cognitive processing in posttraumatic stress disorder

BACKGROUND: Serotonergic system dysfunction has been implicated in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Genetic polymorphisms associated with serotonin signaling may predict differences in brain circuitry involved in emotion processing and deficits associated with PTSD. In healthy individuals, common functional polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) have been shown to modulate amygdala and prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity in response to salient emotional stimuli. Similar patterns of differential neural responses to emotional stimuli have been demonstrated in PTSD but genetic factors influencing these activations have yet to be examined. METHODS: We investigated whether SLC6A4 promoter polymorphisms (5-HTTLPR, rs25531) and several downstream single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) modulated activity of brain regions involved in the cognitive control of emotion in post-9/11 veterans with PTSD. We used functional MRI to examine neural activity in a PTSD group (n = 22) and a trauma-exposed control group (n = 20) in response to trauma-related images presented as task-irrelevant distractors during the active maintenance period of a delayed-response working memory task. Regions of interest were derived by contrasting activation for the most distracting and least distracting conditions across participants. RESULTS: In patients with PTSD, when compared to trauma-exposed controls, rs16965628 (associated with serotonin transporter gene expression) modulated task-related ventrolateral PFC activation and 5-HTTLPR tended to modulate left amygdala activation. Subsequent to combat-related trauma, these SLC6A4 polymorphisms may bias serotonin signaling and the neural circuitry mediating cognitive control of emotion in patients with PTSD. CONCLUSIONS: The SLC6A4 SNP rs16965628 and 5-HTTLPR are associated with a bias in neural responses to traumatic reminders and cognitive control of emotions in patients with PTSD. Functional MRI may help identify intermediate phenotypes and dimensions of PTSD that clarify the functional link between genes and disease phenotype, and also highlight features of PTSD that show more proximal influence of susceptibility genes compared to current clinical categorizations

Comparative Functional Morphology of Mouthparts and Associated Structures of Kalliapseudes Sp. A McSweeny, 1968, and Psammokalliapseudes granulosus Brum, 1973 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea), with a Description of the Male of Psammokalliapseudes granulosus

The feeding mechanism of two species of the tanaidacean family Kalliapseudidae: Kalliapseudes sp. A McSweeny 1968, and Psammokalliapseudes granulosus Brum 1973, was elucidated by comparing gut contents, mouthpart morphology, and feeding behavior. This was achieved by using a combination of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and observation of living organisms. Morphological differences of the mouthparts are directly associated with the feeding mechanism. Kalliapseudes sp. A filter feeds and possesses plumose setae on the chelipeds, maxillipeds, and maxillae. When building their tubes, P. granulosus scrapes detritus off sand grains by using the comb setae on the maxillae. They suspension feed when settled in their tubes by trapping detritus on the antennular setae. Both species feed primarily on detritus. Diatoms were the second most abundant food item in the foregut of Kalliapseudes sp. A. Comparisons of foregut morphology were made that attempted to relate structure and function. Foreguts were nearly identical, which could be attributed to the utilization of a common food source. The male of P. granulosus is described and illustrated for the first time. Two forms of copulatory males differ with respect to cheliped shape and pereopod setation

Phylogenetic Relationships of Tanaidacea (Eulalacostraca: Peracardia) Inferred From Three Molecular Loci

Molecular phylogenetic analyses were conducted on species of some common tanaidacean families within the suborders Apseudomorpha and Tanaidomorpha based on partial DNA sequences for three genes: one mitochondrial (COI) and two nuclear (H3 and 28S). One nuclear gene (28S) resolved the two suborders as monophyletic groups while H3 and COI could only resolve Tanaidomorpha as monophyletic. The total evidence analysis (in-group taxa having at least two out of the three sequences) resolved both suborders as monophyletic, but only Tanaidomorpha showed strong support. All analyses support the monophyly of Kalliapseudidae (two out of three subfamilies represented) with the family clearly separated from the other apseudomorph families represented here. Relationships between and within the other apseudomorph families could not be resolved with strong support. Within Tanaidomorpha, most analyses supported a sister group relationship between the Tanaoidea (Tanaidae) and the Paratanaoidea. Results suggested that the monotypic Hargeria should be considered a junior synonym of Leptochelia, corroborating morphological evidence. Lack of resolution is likely due to inadequate taxon sampling, and differences in topology are largely due to weak support for relationships. This is the first attempt at using molecular data to determine phylogenetic relationships of tanaidaceans

Two new species of Cerapus (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Ischyroceridae) from the Northwest Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico

Drumm, David T. (2018): Two new species of Cerapus (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Ischyroceridae) from the Northwest Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico. Zootaxa 4441 (3): 495-510, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4441.3.

Two New Species of Tanaidacea of the Genus Kalliapseudes Stebbing, 1910 (Crustacea : Apseudomorpha : Kalliapseudidae) from Australia

Two new species of kalliapseudid tanaidacea from Australia, Kalliapseudes longisetosus and Kalliapseudes messingi, are described from marine waters off Sydney, New South Wales and the Northwest continental shelf, respectively. Kalliapseudes longisetosus is distinguished from the other congeners by the presence of a single, very long simple seta on the anterior corners of the pereonites (about as long as the first pereonite) and several very long simple setae on the basis of the second and third pereopods (about as long as the basis). This new species is the second member of the genus to be reported from New South Wales. Kalliapseudes messingi is distinguished by having two small setae medially on the dactylus of pereopods 4 and 5, by the female having a tuft of sensory setae subterminally on the dactylus of pereopod 6, and by having three plumose setae on both the cheliped and pereopod 1 exopodite and is the first member of the genus to be reported from the Northwest continental shelf of Australia. Both species have a needle-like tip on the dactylus of the second and third pereopods. A table giving the distribution data for the species of Kalliapseudes and a key to the genera and species of Kalliapseudidae now known from Australia are presented

Kalliapseudes mauritanicus Monod 1923

<i>Kalliapseudes mauritanicus</i> Monod, 1923 <p>(Fig 52)</p> <p> <i>Kalliapseudes mauritanicus</i> Monod, 1923: 132–137, Figs. 1–3. Monod, 1925: 64. Lang, 1949: 3. Menzies, 1953: 474, 484. Larwood, 1954: 562, 564, 565, 567. Lang, 1956a: 205, 208, 209. Băcescu, 1961: 162; 1980: 377, 378. Bamber, 2005: 645. Guţu, 2006: 126, 127, 134. Drumm, 2007: 18.</p> <p> <i>Kalliapseudes (Kalliapseudopsis) mauritanicus.</i> Lang, 1956a: 210, 211, 217.</p> <p> <i>Kalliapseudes (Kalliapseudes) mauritanicus.</i> Bamber <i>et al.</i>, 2003: 52.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Lectotype (present study).</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Lectotype, adult female (NHM 1924.5.30.20), Cap Blanc, Mauritania, Africa, coll. Dr. Th. Monod, May 30, 1920. MNHN–Ta96212 (2 slides).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis (adult female and male).</b> Rostrum rounded. Pleotelson tapering posteriorly to rounded tip with the posterior margin with row of simple setae and lacking two long terminal plumose setae. Antennule first peduncle article lacking ventral spiniform setae; accessory flagellum of two articles. Male cheliped fixed finger cutting edge with large rounded tooth. Cheliped and pereopod 1 exopodite with three plumose setae. Pereopod 1 propodus with nine–10 ventral spiniform setae. Pereopods 2 and 3 propodus with very stout pectinate spiniform seta subdistally on inner surface; dactylus with digitiform lobe bearing more than five aesthetascs. Pereopod 5 propodus with short terminal bipinnate setae. Pereopod 6 propodus with several long simple setae on outer surface. Female pereopod 6 dactylus with several subterminal setae. Uropod basal article approximately 2.7 times as long as broad, with several simple setae on the outer margin and short spiniform seta on the inner distal corner.</p> <p> <b>Type Locality.</b> Mauritania, NW Africa, Eastern Atlantic, littoral (Fig. 1, number 19).</p> <p> <b>Geographic distribution.</b> Known from type locality only.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Unfortunately the type material that is mounted on slides is in very bad condition. The following features could be distinguished: 1) inner flagellum of antennule with 2 articles, 2) first peduncle article of antennule densely setose, 3) pereopod 1 exopodite with three plumose setae, and 4) pereopod 1 propodus with nine–10 ventral spiniform setae. All that was left of the cotype (= syntype) to examine was the body (carapace missing), one pereopod 3, one pereopod 5, and one pereopod 6 (Fig. 52). Unfortunately Monod (1923) did not illustrate pereonites 5–6 or pereopods 4–5 but the cotype we examined is very similar to his original description (i.e, 10 ventral spiniform setae on pereopod 1 propodus, etc.). The cotype was designated as the lectotype.</p>Published as part of <i>DRUMM, DAVID T. & HEARD, RICHARD W., 2011, Systematic revision of the family Kalliapseudidae (Crustacea: Tanaidacea), pp. 1-172 in Zootaxa 3142 (1)</i> on pages 81-83, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3142.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/6263899">http://zenodo.org/record/6263899</a&gt

Collettea bamberi Drumm & Bird, 2016, n. sp.

Collettea bamberi n. sp. (Figs 2–5) Diagnosis. Female. Pereonites 1–3 short (about 3 times as wide as long), subequal (almost equal) in length (only slightly increasing in length posteriorly). All pereonites wider than long. Pleotelson long, at least as long as four pleonites combined. Antenna article-4 without fusion line, about 4.5 times as long as broad. Maxilliped endite with two pairs of setae. Cheliped fixed finger with one ventral seta. Uropods short, less than ¼ length of pleotelson; endopod 2-articled. Male. Known only from abdomen. Pleopods without setae. Material examined. Holotype: female (♀), 2.8 mm, (USNM 1411512), Northeastern Gulf of Mexico, App. Sed. 1, collected (coll.) by F. Qu, 12 June 2014. Paratypes: two ♀♀, 2.3–2.5 mm, (USNM 1411513), App. Sed. 4, coll. F. Qu, 11 June 2014; one ♀, 2.3 mm, (USNM 1411514), App. Sed. 5, coll. F. Qu, 11 June 2014; one male (♂) (abdomen only, USNM 1411515), App. Sed. 10, coll. F. Qu, 10 June 2014; three ♀♀, 1.1–2.0 mm, (USNM 1411516), App. Sed. 12, coll. F. Qu, 10 June 2014. Description. Adult female. Holotype: (Figs 2, 3 A). Paratype: (Figs 3 B–5F). Body (Figs 2, 3 A) slender, about 7.2 times as long as wide; length 1.1–2.8 mm (n = 7). Cephalothorax longer than wide; as long as combined length of pereonites 1–3. Pereonites 1–3 short and subequal; pereonite-5 longest. All pereonites wider than long, with gently rounded lateral margins. Pleonites all subequal. Pleotelson as long as four pleonites combined. Antennule (Fig. 3 C) with four articles, without cap-like terminal segment, slightly shorter than cephalothorax; article-1 longer than rest of antennule combined, with one subdistal simple seta and several PSS on outer margin; article-2 longer than article-3 and shorter than article-4, with simple seta and several PSS on outer margin; article-3 with two subdistal simple setae; article-4 less than half length of article-1, with five distal simple setae, one distal aesthetasc, and one distal PSS on outer margin. Antenna (Fig. 3 D) slightly shorter than antennule, with six articles; article-1 fused to body, naked; article-2 longer than article-3, with distal seta; article-3 with distal seta; article-4 more than 4 times as long as broad, without ‘fusion line’, with subdistal simple seta and several PSS; article-5 as long as article-2, with long subdistal seta; article-6 minute, with two short and three long simple setae. Mouthparts. Labrum and labium not recovered. Left mandible (Fig. 3 E) incisor with three denticles; lacinia mobilis as long as incisor; molar broad, with group of small spines. Right mandible (Fig. 3 F) incisor with three denticles; molar as in left mandible. Maxillule (Fig. 3 G) endite with six or seven long setae and two shorter setae; palp not recovered. Maxilla (Fig. 3 H) broader at base. Maxilliped (Fig. 3 I) bases fused, with patch of densely-packed setules on ventral surface giving a felt-like appearance; endites narrower than basis, slightly flared, each with two blunt distal processes and a pair of simple setae; palp article-1 naked; article-2 with three inner setae; article-3 with three setae; article-4 narrow, with five terminal and one subdistal seta. Cheliped (Fig. 4 A–B). Basis with triangular, isolated sclerite attached dorsally, posterior lobe reaching pereonite-1, naked; merus triangular, with one ventromedial seta; carpus 1.9 times as long as broad, shorter than propodus including fixed finger, with proximal and distal dorsal seta; propodus with long diagonal row of setules on inner face and long pectinate distal seta; fixed finger with ventral seta, seta on outer surface, and two setae on inner surface, cutting edge with three distal denticulations; dactylus with four short and one longer seta on proximal inner surface. Pereopod-1 (Fig. 4 C). Coxa with seta (not illustrated); basis as long as combined length of ischium, merus, carpus, and half of propodus, naked, widening distally; ischium naked; merus shorter than carpus, widening distally, with ventrodistal seta; carpus ¾ length of propodus, with three distal spiniform setae; propodus half as long as basis, with two subdistal spiniform setae; dactylus slightly shorter than unguis and combined longer than propodus; unguis flared near tip. Pereopod-2 (Fig. 4 D). Similar to pereopod-1 but propodus without dorsodistal spiniform seta. Pereopod-3 (Fig. 4 E). Identical to pereopod 2. Pereopod-4 (Fig. 4 F). Coxa with seta (not illustrated); basis as long as combined length of ischium, merus, carpus, and propodus, with one PSS on dorsal margin; ischium with seta; merus subequal to carpus, with two pectinate spiniform setae; carpus with four pectinate spiniform setae; propodus with two long pectinate spiniform setae and two shorter dorsodistal spiniform setae; dactylus longer than unguis, with spinules at base; unguis setulate; dactylus and unguis combined longer than propodus. Pereopods 5–6 (Fig. 5 A–B) identical to pereopod-4. Pleopods absent. Uropod (Figs 3 A–B; 5C). Short (just protruding beyond apex of pleotelson); basal article longer than endopod first article, naked; endopod two-articled, article-1 naked, article-2 half as long as first article, with six simple and one PSS; exopod minute, less than half length of endopod article-1, with one long and one short simple seta. Male. Known only from pleon. Pleopods (Fig. 5 D) without setae. Etymology. Named in honor of the late Roger Bamber for his significant contribution to tanaidacean systematics. Distribution. Northeastern Gulf of Mexico (offshore Alabama) at the depth range 2202–2289 m. Remarks. Collettea bamberi n. sp. can be distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characteristics: 1) pereonites 1–3 short and subequal in length (only slightly increasing in length posteriorly), 2) pleotelson at least as long as four pleonites combined length, and 3) cheliped fixed finger with one ventral seta. It can easily be distinguished from the other two GOM species of Collettea (C. elongata and Collettea sp. A sensu Larsen, 2005) by the short and subequal pereonites 1–3. Pereopods 4 and 5 of a smaller paratype female (Fig. 5 E–F) differed from the described paratype female by having the basis shorter than the combined length of the ischium, merus, carpus, and propodus, and by having only three pectinate setae on the carpus. The incomplete male here is almost certainly juvenile or ‘preparatory’ (sensu Gardiner 1975).Published as part of Drumm, David T. & Bird, Graham J., 2016, New deep-sea Paratanaoidea (Crustacea: Peracarida: Tanaidacea) from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico, pp. 389-414 in Zootaxa 4154 (4) on pages 392-397, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4154.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/26042

Transkalliapseudes Drumm & Heard, 2006, new genus

Genus Transkalliapseudes, new genus Diagnosis. Labial palp with a very elongate, acuminate inner tip. Inner lobe of moveable endite of maxilla with spiniform setae terminating in 3 cusps. Cheliped and pereopod I lacking exopodite. Pereopod I dactylus represented by a sensory organ terminating in a tuft of setae. Pereopod II and III dactylus with setose digitiform lobe. Pereopod IV and V dactylus with 2 distal sensory setae. Pereopod VI with dactylus bearing a single distal seta. Type Species. Transkalliapseudes spinulata, new species, here designated. Etymology. Formed from the Latin, Trans, meaning over, across, on or to the other side of, in combination with the generic name Kalliapseudes, alluding to having features in common with the subfamily Hemikalliapseudinae Guţu, 1972. Remarks. As mentioned earlier the presence of a large uniarticulate mandibular palp and the distinctive setation of the mandibular palp, the carpus and propodus of the cheliped, and the dactylus of the first pereopod, place Transkalliapseudes, n. gen. within the subfamily Kalliapseudinae. The Kalliapseudinae currently contains five genera, Cristapseudes Bacescu, 1980; Kalliapseudes Stebbing, 1910 sensu Guţu, 2006; Mesokalliapseudes Lang, 1956; Monokalliapseudes Lang, 1956; and Alokalliapseudes Guţu, 2006. Transkalliapseudes, n. g., can be differentiated from these five other genera by a combination of characters, most notably the lack of exopodites on the cheliped and pereopod I, the presence of setose sensory lobes on the dactylus of pereopods II and III, and the armature of the dactylus of pereopods IV—VI. It is distinguished from the genus Cristapseudes by possessing setose sensory lobes on the dactylus of pereopods II and III and by lacking an exopodite on the cheliped and pereopod I (Băcescu 1980; Guţu 1996, 2006; Bamber et al. 2003). The absence of an exopod on both the cheliped and pereopod I separates it from Kalliapseudes (Guţu 1996, 2006). The presence of a double row of plumose setae on the last article of the antennal peduncle distinguishes it from the genera Mesokalliapseudes and Alokalliapseudes. It differs from the genus Monokalliapseudes by the absence of an exopodite on pereopod I and the lack of a tuft of sensory setae on the dactylus of pereopod VI. Also, the armature of the dactylus on peropods IV­­VI of the new genus strongly resembles some species in the Hemikalliapseudinae (e.g. Bacescapseudes patagoniensis Sieg, 1986). We believe that this unique combination of characters discussed above justifies the erection of this new genus. Transkalliapseudes n.g., and the other five genera now assigned to the subfamily Kalliapseudinae can be distinguished by the following key and diagnostic table (Table 1).Published as part of Drumm, David T. & Heard, Richard W., 2006, Transkalliapseudes spinulata, new genus, new species (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Kalliapseudidae) from the northwest Australian shelf, pp. 17-27 in Zootaxa 1298 on pages 18-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17358

Paraleiopus Brum 1978

Genus Paraleiopus Brum, 1978 Paraleiopus Brum, 1978: 639. Guţu, 1981: 94, 95, 106. Băcescu and Absalao, 1985: 53. Guţu, 1996: 137, 140, 1998: 181, 2001: 69, 2006: 163. Bamber et al., 2003: 51. Type species. Paraleiopus macrochelis Brum, 1978 (monotypy). Diagnosis. Modified according to Guţu (1996a). Without spiniform apophyses on carapace, pereon and pleon. Ocular lobes present, without visual elements. Pleonites with one pair of lateral plumose setae and dorsolateral simple setae. Antenna with four–articulated peduncle; last article longer than others; squama present, well developed. Mandibles with three–articulated palp. Labial palp with one terminal and one subterminal long spiniform seta. Cheliped and pereopod 1 with exopodite. Pereopod 1 without coxal spine and dactylus with one long bifid seta near unguis. Pereopods 2–5 dactylus with attenuated elongate “seta–like” unguis. Pereopod 6 with normal unguis. Remarks. Paraleiopus is a monotypic genus found in the SW Atlantic off Brazil. The genus Paraleiopus was originally placed in the family Leiopidae Lang, 1970 (Silva Brum, 1978); however, Băcescu and Absalao (1985), realizing its affinity to Hemikalliapseudes cavooreni placed it in the family Kalliapseudidae as a subgenus of the genus Hemikalliapseudes. Guţu (1996) recognized that it exhibited enough distinctive characters to warrant full generic rank.Published as part of DRUMM, DAVID T. & HEARD, RICHARD W., 2011, Systematic revision of the family Kalliapseudidae (Crustacea: Tanaidacea), pp. 1-172 in Zootaxa 3142 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3142.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/626389