Is it possible measure reducing sugar in wines by Fehling Causse Bonnans method, without using neutral lead acetate?

El método oficial argentino para determinar el contenido de azúcares reductores en mostos y vinos es el método Fehling Causse Bonnans. Este método implica la defecación de la muestra para obtener una solución azucarada decolorada y límpida. Para ello se emplea carbón activado y acetato de plomo. Son conocidos los efectos de la intoxicación con plomo en seres humanos y animales, así como en el ambiente, de modo que es necesario minimizar su uso para lograr una producción sustentable. Se analizaron 149 vinos y 67 mostos. En cada una de las muestras se efectuaron dos determinaciones de azúcares reductores, diferenciadas por la forma de efectuar la defecación: a) empleando 5 mL de acetato de plomo al 25% y 0,5 g de carbón activado y b) empleando 5 mL de agua destilada y 0,5 g de carbón activado. Los datos se procesaron efectuando análisis de regresión simple lineal. Se concluye que puede eliminarse el uso de acetato de plomo en el tratamiento previo de las muestras de mostos y vinos para determinar azúcares reductores por el método de Fehling Causse Bonnans. La defecación de la muestra se realiza empleando solo carbón vegetal activado. Esta modificación de la técnica original permite eliminar el empleo de sales de plomo y la contaminación que ello implica, sin incurrir en errores apreciables en la medida de los azúcares reductores.The Argentine official method to determine the content of reducing sugars in musts and wines is the Causse Bonnans Fehling method. This method requires a sample treatment to obtain a decolorized and clear solution. Activated charcoal and lead acetate are used for this procedure. The effects of lead poisoning in humans, animals and the environment are known, so it is necessary to minimize their use to achieve sustainable production. Reducing sugars were analyzed in 149 wines and 67 grape musts. For each sample, two different treatments were used: a) 5 mL of lead acetate at 25% and 0.5 g of activated charcoal and b) adding 5 mL of distilled water and 0.5 g of activated carbon. The data were processed by performing simple linear regression analysis. Lead acetate can be eliminated in the pretreatment of must and wine samples to determine reducing sugars by Fehling Bonnans Causse method. This modification of the original technique eliminates the use of lead salts and pollution involved, without faults in the measurement of the reducing sugars.Fil: Cobos, David. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (Argentina). Facultad Regional MendozaFil: Germano, Laura. Instituto Nacional de Vitivinicultura (Argentina)Fil: Malovini, Emiliano. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Paladino, Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Cátedra de Enología I

Business process enterprise and small real estate companies

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2000."September 2000."Includes bibliographical references (leaf 85).According to the work of Churchill and Lewis (1983), the evolution of a firm follows five stages of growth. As a small company progresses through the first two stages, the entrepreneur/owner and the company act as one unit. Once small companies emerge from the first two stages of growth, they have a choice of entering the success-growth stage of small company growth. At this stage, entrepreneurs can no longer complete all the meaningful tasks themselves. This research will address the problem of how and why entrepreneurial real estate development firms have organized their companies as business process enterprises at this stage of growth. There is an important distinction between a business process and a business process enterprise. A business process is the way in which a company performs a particular task, such as developing a project or doing a deal. Many real estate firms at the survival stage of growth believe incorrectly that putting in place an individual business process is the same as designing a business process enterprise that positions a company for future growth. A business process enterprise is an orientation in which a set of well functioning processes is linked together to create a strategic service vision. Three firms that had progressed past the startup stage of growth and were using business processes as a means of managing continued rapid growth were studied. The work of Heskett, Sasser and Schlesinger (1997) was used as a framework to study the cases because the authors see a process enterprise as the way to achieve customer satisfaction. This is done through the creation of a strategic service vision that is carried out through detailed operational service delivery strategies that create measurable value for the customer. Although the firms analyzed by the scholars in this work are large multinational companies, this research has found that the concepts underlying process enterprise are relevant to small firms. Heskett's service orientation makes that theory particularly relevant to real estate companies at this time. Moreover, this work concludes that a business process enterprise orientation becomes important when a real estate company moves from the survival stage of growth to the success stage of growth.by David J. Paladino.S.M

A Functional Nuclear Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Src and Stat3 Heteromeric Complex in Pancreatic Cancer Cells

Evidence is presented for the nuclear presence of a functional heteromeric complex of epidermal growth factor (EGFR), Src and the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (Stat)3 proteins in pancreatic cancer cells. Stat3 remains nuclear and associated with Src or EGFR, respectively, upon the siRNA knockdown of EGFR or Src, demonstrating the resistance of the complex to the modulation of EGFR or Src alone. Significantly, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses reveal the nuclear EGFR, Src and Stat3 complex is bound to the c-Myc promoter. The siRNA knockdown of EGFR or Src, or the pharmacological inhibition of Stat3 activity only marginally suppressed c-Myc expression. By contrast, the concurrent modulation of Stat3 and EGFR, or Stat3 and Src, or EGFR and Src strongly suppressed c-Myc expression, demonstrating that the novel nuclear heteromeric complex intricately regulates the c-Myc gene. The prevalence of the transcriptionally functional EGFR, Src, and Stat3 nuclear complex provides an additional and novel mechanism for supporting the pancreatic cancer phenotype and explains in part the insensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to the inhibition of EGFR, Src or Stat3 alone

The role of whole blood transfusions in civilian trauma: A review of literature in military and civilian trauma

Resuscitation techniques for the management of adult trauma patients have evolved over the 20th century. Whole blood transfusions were previously used as the standard of care, whereas blood component therapy is the current method employed across most trauma centers across the United States. Prior to the transition, no studies were conducted to show improved efficacy of hemostatic potential in trauma patients. Recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have challenged the dogma that whole blood transfusions are not the standard of care and have shown potential as the superior transfusion product for adult trauma patients. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive review and elucidate if whole blood transfusions have a role in civilian trauma patients based upon recent military medical literature and civilian pilot studies using whole blood transfusions

¿Es posible determinar azúcares reductores en vinos por el método Fehling Causse Bonnans, sin utilizar acetato neutro de plomo?

The Argentine official method to determine the content of reducing sugars in musts and wines is the Causse Bonnans Fehling method. This method requires a sampletreatment to obtain a decolorized and clear solution. Activated charcoal and lead acetate are used for this procedure. The effects of lead poisoning in humans, animals and the environment are known, so it is necessary to minimize their use to achieve sustainable production. Reducing sugars were analyzed in 149 wines and 67 grape musts. For each sample, two different treatments were used: a) 5 mL of lead acetate at 25% and 0.5 g of activated charcoal and b) adding 5 mL of distilled water and 0.5 g of activated carbon. The data were processed by performing simple linear regression analysis. Lead acetate can be eliminated in the pretreatment of must and wine samples to determine reducing sugars by Fehling Bonnans Causse method. This modification of the original technique eliminates the use of lead salts and pollution involved, without faults in the measurement of the reducing sugars.El método oficial argentino para determinar el contenido de azúcares reductores en mostos y vinos es el método Fehling Causse Bonnans. Este método implica la defecación de la muestra para obtener una solución azucarada decolorada y límpida. Para ello se emplea carbón activado y acetato de plomo. Son conocidos los efectos de la intoxicación con plomo en seres humanos y animales, así como en el ambiente, de modo que es necesario minimizar su uso para lograr una producción sustentable. Se analizaron 149 vinos y 67 mostos. En cada una de las muestras se efectuaron dos determinaciones de azúcares reductores, diferenciadas por la forma de efectuar la defecación: a) empleando 5 mL de acetato de plomo al 25% y 0,5 g de carbón activado y b) empleando 5 mL de agua destilada y 0,5 g de carbón activado. Los datos se procesaron efectuando análisis de regresión simple lineal. Se concluye que puede eliminarse el uso de acetato de plomo en el tratamiento previo de las muestras de mostos y vinos para determinar azúcares reductores por el método de Fehling Causse Bonnans. La defecación de la muestra se realiza empleando solo carbón vegetal activado. Esta modificación de la técnica original permite eliminar el empleo de sales de plomo y la contaminación que ello implica, sinincurrir en errores apreciables en la medida de los azúcares reductores

NF-kB Regulation and the Chaperone System Mediate Restorative Effects of the Probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum LF31 in the Small Intestine and Cerebellum of Mice with Ethanol-Induced Damage

Probiotics are live microorganisms that yield health benefits when consumed, generally by improving or restoring the intestinal flora (microbiota) as part of the muco-microbiotic layer of the bowel. In this work, mice were fed with ethanol alone or in combination with the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum (L. fermentum) for 12 weeks. The modulation of the NF-kappa B signaling pathway with the induction of Hsp60, Hsp90, and IkB-alpha by the probiotic occurred in the jejunum. L. fermentum inhibited IL-6 expression and downregulated TNF-alpha transcription. NF-kappa B inactivation concurred with the restoration of the intestinal barrier, which had been damaged by ethanol, via the production of tight junction proteins, ameliorating the ethanol-induced intestinal permeability. The beneficial effect of the probiotic on the intestine was repeated for the cerebellum, in which downregulation of glial inflammation-related markers was observed in the probiotic-fed mice. The data show that L. fermentum exerted anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects in both the small intestine and the cerebellum, by suppressing ethanol-induced increased intestinal permeability and curbing neuroinflammation. The results also suggest that L. fermentum could be advantageous, along with the other available means, for treating intestinal diseases caused by stressors associated with inflammation and dysbiosis

Dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation improves reproductive outcomes in women of the POSEIDON IV group

Background: The decrease in ovarian reserve has become one of the main causes of infertility. Recent studies have sought to improve the reproductive outcomes of these women through adjuvant treatments. In patients undergoing assisted reproduction treatments, exogenous Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or prasterone acts as a precursor to testosterone in the follicular fluid, which increases steroidogenesis and the number of primary and antral follicles. Methods: A quantitative, quasi-experimental case series study was carried out in the clinical area of assisted reproduction from August 2021 to March 2022. All women included were over 34 years and categorized as POSEIDON IV. They were supplemented with 100 mg of DHEA one month prior to the follicular capture. Data was collected from the records of the patients who met the inclusion criteria, including the antral follicle count on the first three days of the menstrual period before the supplementation and one month after. Finally, the number of metaphase II oocytes and blastocysts obtained were analyzed. Results: There were 22 women underwent controlled ovarian stimulation; there was a difference in antral follicle count from 5±2.1 SD to 8.23​±4.29 SD (p=0.004) and MII oocytes 3.25±2.31 to 4.53±3.27 (p=0.04) before DHEA and after DHEA, respectively. Conclusions: DHEA or prasterone supplementation can be used as an adjuvant treatment in women of the POSEIDON IV group one month before the ovarian stimulation to improve their reproductive outcome

Quantitative immunomorphological analysis of heat shock proteins in thyroid follicular adenoma and carcinoma tissues reveals their potential for differential diagnosis and points to a role in carcinogenesis

Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90 are chaperones that play a crucial role in cellular homeostasis and differentiation, but they may be implicated in carcinogenesis. Follicular neoplasms of the thyroid include follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma. The former is a very frequent benign encapsulated nodule, whereas the other is a nodule that infiltrates the capsule, blood vessels and the adjacent parenchyma, with a tendency to metastasize. The main objective was to assess the potential of the Hsps in differential diagnosis and carcinogenesis. We quantified by immunohistochemistry Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90 on thin sections of human thyroid tissue with follicular adenoma or follicular carcinoma, comparing the tumor with the adjacent peritumoral tissue. Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90 were increased in follicular carcinoma compared to follicular adenoma, while Hsp27 showed no difference. Histochemical quantification of Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90 allows diagnostic distinction between follicular adenoma and carcinoma, and between tumor and adjacent non-tumoral tissue. The quantitative variations of these chaperones in follicular carcinoma suggest their involvement in tumorigenesis, for instance in processes such as invasion of thyroid parenchyma and metastasization

Behaviour and Physiology: The Thermal Strategy of Leatherback Turtles

Background: Adult leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) exhibit thermal gradients between their bodies and the environment of $8uC in sub-polar waters and #4uC in the tropics. There has been no direct evidence for thermoregulation in leatherbacks although modelling and morphological studies have given an indication of how thermoregulation may be achieved. Methodology/Principal Findings: We show for the first time that leatherbacks are indeed capable of thermoregulation from studies on juvenile leatherbacks of 16 and 37 kg. In cold water (, 25uC), flipper stroke frequency increased, heat loss through the plastron, carapace and flippers was minimized, and a positive thermal gradient of up to 2.3uC was maintained between body and environment. In warm water (25 – 31uC), turtles were inactive and heat loss through their plastron, carapace and flippers increased. The thermal gradient was minimized (0.5uC). Using a scaling model, we estimate that a 300 kg adult leatherback is able to maintain a maximum thermal gradient of 18.2uC in cold sub-polar waters. Conclusions/Significance: In juvenile leatherbacks, heat gain is controlled behaviourally by increasing activity while heat flux is regulated physiologically, presumably by regulation of blood flow distribution. Hence, harnessing physiology and behaviour allows leatherbacks to keep warm while foraging in cold sub-polar waters and to prevent overheating in

FBXW7 and USP7 regulate CCDC6 turnover during the cell cycle and affect cancer drugs susceptibility in NSCLC

CCDC6 gene product is a pro-apoptotic protein substrate of ATM, whose loss or inactivation enhances tumour progression. In primary tumours, the impaired function of CCDC6 protein has been ascribed to CCDC6 rearrangements and to somatic mutations in several neoplasia. Recently, low levels of CCDC6 protein, in NSCLC, have been correlated with tumor prognosis. However, the mechanisms responsible for the variable levels of CCDC6 in primary tumors have not been described yet. We show that CCDC6 turnover is regulated in a cell cycle dependent manner. CCDC6 undergoes a cyclic variation in the phosphorylated status and in protein levels that peak at G2 and decrease in mitosis. The reduced stability of CCDC6 in the M phase is dependent on mitotic kinases and on degron motifs that are present in CCDC6 and direct the recruitment of CCDC6 to the FBXW7 E3 Ubl. The de-ubiquitinase enzyme USP7 appears responsible of the fine tuning of the CCDC6 stability, affecting cells behaviour and drug response. Thus, we propose that the amount of CCDC6 protein in primary tumors, as reported in lung, may depend on the impairment of the CCDC6 turnover due to altered protein-protein interaction and post-translational modifications and may be critical in optimizing personalized therapy