A study on dog bite incidence in Union Territory of Dadra & Nagar Haveli, India

The injuries caused by dog bites have grown to such epidemic proportions that they are now considered a major public health concern. The epidemiology of dog bites in the UT of Dadra & Nagar Haveli has been evaluated, for the year 2012. This assessment included victims age, sex, biting site and season of the year. During the study, a total of 938 dog bites, were reported from aforesaid place. Of all the dog bites reported, 39.6% victim belonged to age group upto 0-15 year (children) and 60.4% were more than 15 years old (adults). The majority of the incidents 40.8% occurred during the pre monsoon period (1-20 weeks). There was no case of rabies. There is a need to educate the public about the magnitude of dog-bite problems, enforce leash laws and impound stray dogs as an integral part of prevention programs

Outdoor resting preference of Culex tritaeniorhynchus, the vector of Japanese encephalitis in Warangal and Karim Nagar districts, Andhra Pradesh

Background & objectives : Entomological investigations were carried out in Warangal and KarimNagar districts of Andhra Pradesh during viral encephalitis outbreak in July 2003.Methods : Adult mosquito collections in outdoor were done using sweep cage method and in indoorwith the help of aspirator tube and flash light. Larval collections were done by dipping method. JEvirus positivity was tested by IgM capture ELISA test.Results : Outdoor collections revealed presence of Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. bitaeniorhynchusand Cx. gelidus and in indoor collections —Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, An. vagusand An. subpictus. In the outdoor collections Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was predominant (96.3% of totalcollection). Three samples out of 55 serum samples from human cases and five from contacts showedthe presence of antibodies against JE virus.Interpretation & conclusion : Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, a known vector of JE is predominant in outdoorsand playing a main role in JE transmission in this area. Vector control aimed at the outdoor restingpopulation might limit virus circulation in the mosquito vertebrate host cycle and prevent humaninfection

Growth Rate Pattern and Economic Traits of Silkworm, Bombyx Mori L Under the Influence of Folic Acid Administration

Influence of oral administration of folic acid to 5th instar silkworm larvae of a popular Indian bivoltine hybrid (CSR2 x CSR4) was studied. Folic acid solution spraying on mulberry leaf and feeding to silkworm significantly improved larval weight, silk gland weight and growth rate. Higher larval and silk gland weight subsequently improved the economic parameters like cocoon weight, shell weight and shell ratio of folic acid treated batches

Multi-layered Ruthenium-modified Bond Coats for Thermal Barrier Coatings

Diffusional approaches for fabrication of multi-layered Ru-modified bond coats for thermal barrier coatings have been developed via low activity chemical vapor deposition and high activity pack aluminization. Both processes yield bond coats comprising two distinct B2 layers, based on NiAl and RuAl, however, the position of these layers relative to the bond coat surface is reversed when switching processes. The structural evolution of each coating at various stages of the fabrication process has been and subsequent cyclic oxidation is presented, and the relevant interdiffusion and phase equilibria issues in are discussed. Evaluation of the oxidation behavior of these Ru-modified bond coat structures reveals that each B2 interlayer arrangement leads to the formation of α-Al 2 O 3 TGO at 1100°C, but the durability of the TGO is somewhat different and in need of further improvement in both cases

Conformal fields in the pp-wave limit

The pp-wave (Penrose limit) in conformal field theory can be viewed as a special contraction of the unitary representations of the conformal group. We study the kinematics of conformal fields in this limit in a geometric approach where the effect of the contraction can be visualized as an expansion of space-time. We discuss the two common models of space-time as carrier spaces for conformal fields: One is the usual Minkowski space and the other is the coset of the conformal group over its maximal compact subgroup. We show that only the latter manifold and the corresponding conformal representation theory admit a non-singular contraction limit. We also address the issue of correlation functions of conformal fields in the pp-wave limit. We show that they have a well-defined contraction limit if their space-time dependence merges with the dependence on the coordinates of the R symmetry group. This is a manifestation of the fact that in the limit the space-time and R symmetries become indistinguishable. Our results might find applications in actual calculations of correlation functions of composite operators in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory.Comment: LaTex, 32 pages, 1 figure, discussion of correlation functions extended; some corrections made; references adde

Superstring Vacua of 4-dimensional PP-Waves with Enhanced Supersymmetry

We study the superstring vacua constructed from the conformal field theories of the type H_4 x M, where H_4 denotes the super Nappi-Witten model (super WZW model on the 4-dimensional Heisenberg group H_4) and M denotes an arbitrary N=2 rational superconformal field theory with c=9. We define (type II) superstring vacua with 8 supercharges, which are twice as many as those on the backgrounds of H_4 x CY_3. We explicitly construct as physical vertices the space-time SUSY algebra that is a natural extension of H_4 Lie algebra. The spectrum of physical states is classified into two sectors: (1) strings freely propagating along the transverse plane of pp-wave geometry and possessing the integral U(1)_R-charges in M sector, and (2) strings that do not freely propagate along the transverse plane and possess the fractional U(1)_R-charges in M. The former behaves like the string excitations in the usual Calabi-Yau compactification, but the latter defines new sectors without changing the physics in ``bulk'' space. We also analyze the thermal partition functions of these systems, emphasizing the similarity to the DLCQ string theory. As a byproduct we prove the supersymmetric cancellation of conformal blocks in an arbitrary unitary N=2 SCFT of c=12 with the suitable GSO projection.Comment: 37 pages, no figures, v2: typo corrected, references added, v3: minor change

Non-Centrosymmetric Heavy-Fermion Superconductors

In this chapter we discuss the physical properties of a particular family of non-centrosymmetric superconductors belonging to the class heavy-fermion compounds. This group includes the ferromagnet UIr and the antiferromagnets CeRhSi3, CeIrSi3, CeCoGe3, CeIrGe3 and CePt3Si, of which all but CePt3Si become superconducting only under pressure. Each of these superconductors has intriguing and interesting properties. We first analyze CePt3Si, then review CeRhSi3, CeIrSi3, CeCoGe3 and CeIrGe3, which are very similar to each other in their magnetic and electrical properties, and finally discuss UIr. For each material we discuss the crystal structure, magnetic order, occurrence of superconductivity, phase diagram, characteristic parameters, superconducting properties and pairing states. We present an overview of the similarities and differences between all these six compounds at the end.Comment: To appear in "Non-Centrosymmetric Superconductors: Introduction and Overview", Lecture Notes in Physics 847, edited by E. Bauer and M. Sigrist (Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2012) Chap. 2, pp. 35-7

Leprosy post-exposure prophylaxis with single-dose rifampicin

_Objective:_ Leprosy post-exposure prophylaxis with single-dose rifampicin (SDRPEP) has proven effective and feasible, and is recommended by WHO since 2018. This SDR-PEP toolkit was developed through the experience of the leprosy postexposure prophylaxis (LPEP) programme. It has been designed to facilitate and standardise the implementation of contact tracing and SDR-PEP administration in regions and countries that start the intervention. _Results:_ Four tools were developed, incorporating the current evidence for SDRPEP and the methods and learnings from the LPEP project in eight countries. (1) th