The possibility of hypersonic electrostatic solitons in a plasma with turbulence heating

Here, we show that electrostatic solitons in a plasma with turbulent heating of the electrons through an accelerating electric field, can form with very high velocities, reaching up to several order of magnitudes larger than the ion-sound speed. We call these solitons hypersonic solitons. The possible parameter regime, where this work may be relevant, can be found the so-called ``dead zones'' of a protoplanetary disk. These zones are stable to magnetorotational instability but the resultant turbulence can in effect heat the electrons make them follow a highly non-Maxwellian velocity distribution. We show that these hypersonic solitons can also reach very high velocities. With electron velocity distribution described by Davydov distribution function, we argue that these solitons can be an effective mechanism for energy equilibration in such a situation through soliton decay and radiation.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure

A review on organic nanoparticles for treatment of bacterial biofilms

Biofilm is one of the significant problems that has to be resolved quickly for treating bacterial illnesses, that is important to the pathogenicity along with resistance of bacteria. A popular area of research now centres on examining effective ways to control bacterial biofilm. Organic nanoparticles (NPs) have demonstrated higher potential when compared to other metrics due to their special characteristics, in eradicating complications caused by bacterial biofilms. Additional advantages associated with NPs synthesis in biofilms include larger surface areas and increased biomass concentrations, which can result in more effective and expandable biosynthesis. This review began with an overview of biofilm formulation based on the publications that were searched. Second, the effectiveness of organic NPs in combating bacterial biofilms and potential anti-biofilm mechanisms (such as reduction of biofilm adhesion, improving permeability, increasing stability, and degradation of biofilms) were examined. Thirdly, the effects of NPs and biofilm characteristics on the effectiveness of organic NPs in combating biofilms was explored. Finally, challenges and prospects for organic NPs in the future against biofilm were in conclusion. Researchers can learn more from this review about the successes and limitations of NPs in the fight against biofilms, which will assist in facilitating the development of organic NPs that are more effective

Nanotechnology in edible films and its future directions: A short review

The crucial role of food packaging in protecting and containing foodstuffs has long been recognized. However, with the rising awareness of health and environmental concerns, traditional synthetic polymers are facing increasing scrutiny. This has led to exciting advancements in the field of nanotechnology, where nanoparticles are being incorporated into packaging materials to enhance food quality. These nanoparticles offer significant advantages, including antimicrobial activity and improved UV protection, thereby extending shelf life and reducing food waste. However, the need for more sustainable and biodegradable alternatives remains paramount. Edible films, crafted from natural polymers, have emerged as a promising solution, replacing conventional plastics with an eco-friendly and renewable option. These films have the potential to revolutionize food packaging, offering improved properties that enhance storage life and ensure food safety. The development of edible films derived from food biopolymers has garnered significant research interest in recent years. This review offers a thorough analysis on edible films, exploring their functional properties and the potential of nano-fillers to further enhance their performance within food packaging systems. Highlighting the classifications of bio-based polymers and Nanofillers. Additionally, impact of Nanofillers on the several functional characteristics (like physical and mechanical) of films based on biopolymers are also discussed. Furthermore, the review highlights the futuristic prospect of of Nanotechnology in edible food packaging films. &nbsp

Antimicrobial activity of Plant Extract: A review of recent literature

Recently, organic plant-based anti-microbial agents are being developed more tremendous focus as a second choice to some chemical-based food inhibitor or biocides due to the health concerns, external influences governing food safety, and business obstacles. Foodborne outbreaks connected to frequently consumed foods can also be caused by erroneous executing & directing, variations in the environment while transport and remain consistent, poor physical cleanliness measures. Numerous pathogenic microorganisms which could be present in the nearby air, water, and soil sources and may be present in the field settings are brought into contact with food crops. In fact, businesses that process agricultural plants produce large amounts of products and by-products that are rich in phenols, which may be potential untapped sources of inorganic antimicrobial substances. Plant extracts are abundant in flavonoids along with polyphenolic molecules, that have potent antimicrobial capabilities and help with handling the avoidance of several illnesses. In this review, we present a summary on some of the particular plants along with most current antimicrobial applications of Plant Extracts. This review also discusses the mechanisms of antimicrobial activity of plant extract and also briefly summarized the key challenges and opportunities regarding plant extracts and their antimicrobial efficiency. &nbsp

Evaluation of vitamin C of ethno-wild edible plants in Northeast India

Ethnobotany deals with the usage of plants by different ethnic communities throughout the world for various purposes such as food, shelter, clothing, medicine, tools etc. North East India region is a part of eastern Himalayas with rich plant diversity. About 250 ethnic tribes inhabit the region with diverse cultures and traditional practices. Most of the ethnic communities in the region depend on natural resources directly for their daily needs and wild edible plants are one of them as they live in the vicinity of forests. This study deals with 20 wild edible plants, traditionally used by indigenous people. 18 genera belonging to 15 families with 3 species represented by family Lamiaceae. Different parts of plants are traditionally consumed as vegetables, of which 19 species represented with leaves as edible part. Berry, petiole and rootstalk constitute other edible parts. Most of the plant species were found to be rich source of vitamin C. Vitamin C content ranges from 6.24±0.34 mg to 79.91±1.52 mg/100 g fresh weight and maximum was recorded in Alocasia indica (leaves) and Oxalis corniculata and the least in Tamarindus indica. The findings indicated that these ethno-botanicals can be grown in homestead as sources of vitamin C in regular diet