Stress Urinary Incontinence post-Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate: a Single-Surgeon Experience.

PURPOSE: To identify incidence and predictors of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) following Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 589 HoLEP patients from 2012-2018. Patients were assessed at pre-operative and post-operative visits. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of SUI. RESULTS: 52/589 patients (8.8%) developed transient SUI, while 9/589 (1.5%) developed long-term SUI. tSUI resolved for 46 patients (88.5%) within the first six weeks and in 6 patients (11.5%) between 6 weeks to 3 months. Long-term SUI patients required intervention, achieving continence at 16.4 months on average, 44 men (70.9%) with incontinence were catheter dependent preoperatively. Mean prostatic volume was 148.7mL in tSUI patients, 111.6mL in long-term SUI, and 87.9mL in others (p \u3c 0.0001). On univariate analysis, laser energy used (p \u3c 0.0001), laser on time (p=0.0204), resected prostate weight (p \u3c 0.0001), overall International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) (p=0.0005), and IPSS QOL (p=0.02) were associated with SUI. On multivariate analysis, resected prostate weight was predictive of any SUI and tSUI, with no risk factors identified for long-term SUI. CONCLUSION: Post-HoLEP SUI occurs in ~10% of patients, with 1.5% continuing beyond six months. Most patients with tSUI recover within the first six weeks. Prostate size \u3e100g and catheter dependency are associated with increased risk tSUI. Larger prostate volume is an independent predictor of any SUI, and tSUI

Metal-assisted red light-induced efficient DNA cleavage by dipyridoquinoxaline-copper(II) complex

Complete cleavage of double stranded pUC19 DNA by the complex [Cu(dpq)2(H2O)](ClO4)2 (dpq, dipyridoquinoxaline) has been observed on irradiation at 694 nm from a pulsed ruby laser, assisted by the metal d-band transition as well as the quinoxaline triplet states in the absence of any external additives

Urolithiasis location and size and the association with microhematuria and stone-related symptoms.

PURPOSE: To conduct a study to assess the association between calculus location and size and the incidence of both microhematuria and symptoms of urolithiasis in a urology office environment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: After Institutional Review Board approval, a prospective study was conducted with data from 100 consecutive patients who presented to our office with documented urolithiasis. The location (caliceal, pelvic, or ureteral) and size ( RESULTS: A total of 111 stones were found in the study population resulting in a 45.9% incidence of microhematuria. In patients with renal pelvic and ureteral stones, 67.6% demonstrated microhematuria vs 36.4% with caliceal stones, P=0.0035. For stones ≥ 8 mm, 62.5% were positive for microhematuria vs 29.1% of stones \u3c8 \u3emm, P=0.0006. Ureteral or renal pelvic stones caused the most symptoms (70.6%) compared with caliceal stones (16.9%), P=0.0001. In those patients who reported pain associated with urolithiasis, 65.6% had concomitant microhematuria vs 36.8% in those without pain, P=0.0097. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary calculus location and size are associated with the incidence of microhematuria and stone-related symptoms. Pain related to urolithiasis may be a positive predictor for the presence of microhematuria

Genetic analysis of HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form 02_AG, B and C subtype-specific envelope sequences from Northern India and their predicted co-receptor usage

HIV-1 epidemic in India is largely driven by subtype C but other subtypes or recombinants have also been reported from several states of India. This is mainly due to the co-circulation of other genetic subtypes that potentially can recombine to generate recombinant/mosaic genomes. In this study, we report detail genetic characterization of HIV-1 envelope sequences from North India (Delhi and neighboring regions). Six of 13 were related to subtype C, one B and the rest six showed relatedness with CRF02_AG strain. The subtype C possessed the highly conserved GPGQ motif but subtype B possessed the GPGR motif in the V3 loop as observed earlier. While most of the sequences suggested CCR5 co-receptor usage, one subtype C sample clearly indicated CXCR4 usage. A successful mother to child transmission was established in two pairs. Thus, co-circulation of multiple subtypes (B and C) and the recombinant CRF02_AG strains in North India suggests a rapidly evolving scenario of HIV-1 epidemic in this region with impact on vaccine formulation. Since this is the first report of CRF02_AG envelope from India, it will be important to monitor the spread of this strain and its impact on HIV-1 transmission in India

Reactivity of PPh3 toward Ru2CI(O2CMe)4: Synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of [Ru(O2CMe )(MeCNh(PPh3)2]( CIO4)

408-411A new ruthenium(II) complex of the type [Ru(O2CMe)(MeCN)2(PPh3)2](ClO4) (I) has been isolated from a reaction between Ru2Cl(O2CMe)4 and PPh3 in MeCN followed by the addition of NaClO4. The structure of 1 is determined by single crystal X-ray studies. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic space group C2/m with the following unit cell dimensions for the C42H39N2O6P2ClRu(M=866.15): a = 23.295(1 )Ǻ, b = 23.080(1 )Ǻ, c = 9.159(1)Ǻ, β = 107.32(1)ᵒ, V= 4701(1) Ǻ3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.224 gcm-3. λ(Mo - Kɑ) = 0.7107 Ǻ, μ(Mo - Kɑ) = 4.09 cm-1, T= 293K, R = 0.081 (Rw = 0.094) for 2860 reflections with 1 ≥ 3σ(1) and g = 0.015853. In the complex cation, the symmetry about the metal centre is essentially octahedral showing the presence of a che1ating acetato, two cis-oriented MeCN and two trans-disposed PPh3 ligands. The mechanistic aspects of the core cleavage reaction are discussed