Vertebral fractures and abdominal aortic aneurysm revealing Q fever

International audienc

How to Optimize the Use of Blood Cultures for the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections? A State-of-the Art

International audienceBloodstream infection (BSI) is a major cause of death in developed countries and the detection of microorganisms is essential in managing patients. Despite major progress has been made to improve identification of microorganisms, blood culture (BC) remains the gold standard and the first line tool for detecting BSIs. Consensus guidelines are available to ensure optimal BSI procedures, but BC practices often deviate from the recommendations. This review provides an update on clinical and technical issues related to blood collection and to BC performance, with a special focus on the blood sample strategy to optimize the sensitivity and specificity of BC

Measles inclusion-body encephalitis (MIBE) in a immunocompromised patient

International audienc

A Pilot Study of Tobacco Screening and Referral for Smoking Cessation Program among HIV-Infected Patients in France

International audienceBackground: The prevalence of tobacco smoking is high among patients living with HIV, supporting the need for effectivetargeted interventions. Materials and Methods: All current smokers at our outpatient HIV clinic were invited to participate in asmoking cessation program. Results: Of the 716 patients living with HIV, 280 (39%) reported active smoking and were younger,more recently HIV infected and more frequently infected due to intravenous drug use (IDU). One hundred forty-seven (53%)smokers agreed to participate in the smoking cessation program and had a higher Fagerstro¨m score and were less likely IDU.During follow-up, 41 (28%) smokers withdrew from the program. After 6 months, 60 (57%) of the 106 smokers who completedthe intervention had stopped tobacco smoking and were more likely to use varenicline, adjusting for a history of depression.Conclusion: Our smoking cessation program was feasible. However, strategies to reach and retain in smoking cessationprogram specific groups such as IDU are needed to improve the smoking cessation cascade

Pharmacokinetics and safety of daptomycin administered subcutaneously in healthy volunteers: a single-blinded randomized crossover trial

International audienceBackground: Daptomycin stands as a key IV antibiotic in treating MRSA infections. However, patients facing challenges with difficult venous access require alternative administration routes. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile and safety of subcutaneous (SC) daptomycin.Patients and methods: In a two-period, two-treatment, single-blind crossover Phase I trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04434300), participants with no medical history received daptomycin (10 mg/kg) both IV and SC in a random order, with a minimum 2 week washout period together with matched placebo (NaCl 0.9%). Blood samples collected over 24 h facilitated PK comparison. Monte Carlo simulations assessed the PTA for various dosing regimens. Adverse events were graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events(CTCAE) v5.0.Results: Twelve participants (aged 30.9 ± 24.4 years; 9 male,75%) were included. SC daptomycin exhibited delayed (median Tmax 0.5 h for IV versus 4 h for SC) and lower peak concentration than IV (Cmax = 132.2 ± 16.0 μg/mL for IV versus 57.3 ± 8.6 μg/mL for SC; P < 0.001). SC AUC0-24 (937.3 ± 102.5 μg·h/mL) was significantly lower (P = 0.005) than IV AUC0-24 (1056.3 ± 123.5 μg·h/mL) but was deemed bioequivalent. PTA demonstrated target AUC0-24 attainment for 100% of simulated individuals, for both 8 and 10 mg/kg/24 h SC regimens. Adverse events (AEs) related to SC daptomycin were more frequent than for SC placebo (25 versus 13, P = 0.016). No serious AEs were reported.Conclusions: Single-dose SC daptomycin infusion proved to be safe, exhibiting a bioequivalent AUC0-24 compared with the IV route. The SC route emerges as a potential and effective alternative when IV administration is not possible

Enterocytozoon bieneusi Microsporidiosis in Stem Cell Transplant Recipients Treated with Fumagillin

International audienceEnterocytozoon bieneusi microsporidiosis is an emerging disease in immunocompromised patients. We report 2 cases of this disease in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients successfully treated with fumagillin. Thrombocytopenia occurred but without major adverse events. Modifications of immunosuppression could be avoided when E. bieneusi is rapidly identified and fumagillin therapy is started promptly

Real-world 2-year weight changes among people with sustained HIV suppression: A multicenter French retrospective cohort study

Meeting abstract du "19th European AIDS Conference (#EACS2023)", 18-21 Octobre 2023, VarsovieInternational audienc