Public Library Service to Children in Selected State Library Boards in Nigeria

Abstract The paper focused on public library service to children in selected State Library Boards in Nigeria. Public library service is expected to be enjoyed by all the people living in the community where it is located. Adults, young adults, children, literates, and illiterates are being served by public libraries in all parts of the world. These categories of users have specific spaces where they are to be served in the public library. The children’s section is one of the sections to be provided for in every public library in every part of the world. This section provides resources and services to various categories of children in the library. Children develop reading skills, acquire cultural knowledge, and learn inquiry skills etc at a tender age in the public library which is to be complimented by the school library. With the numerous benefits derived by the children from using their section, some shortcomings have been observed. The researchers therefore investigated the state of the section in some selected library boards in Nigeria. Six selected public libraries in Nigeria were visited and observed to identify the state of the children section. Findings from the study revealed among others: 6(100%) selected libraries have provision and space for children’s library but only 1(16.7%) space was adequate; all the libraries provided textbooks and storybooks for children but their information resources were fairly current. Recommendations for improvement of service to children in public libraries in Nigeria were made from the findings of the study. Keywords: Children; Library; Public; Service; Nigeria

Effect of Companies Income Tax on Profitability of Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s): A Study of DMB’s with International Operating License in Nigeria

Banks in Nigeria have operating strata ranging from regional to international-the study examine the how Companies Income Tax (CIT) affects Corporate profitability of Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s) as obtained from their annual report for 2017 using their Return on Assets (RoA) as Profitability parameter. OLS method was used via SPSS 20.0 to run the data used in the research with findings that; there exist a strong positive relationship between CIT and Corporate Profitability of Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s) in Nigeria and recommends a reduction in CIT rate with attendant increase in Education Tax (EDT) since buoyancy of the education sector (ceteris paribus) is expected to transcend in enhancement of Marginal Productivity of Labour which have positive spill over effect on Corporate Profitability in the longrun. Keywords: Companies Income Tax (CIT), Corporate Profitability, Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s) DOI: 10.7176/DCS/9-4-12 Publication date: April 30th 201

Assessment of the Prevalence of Multidimensional Poverty in Nigeria: Evidence From Oto/Ijanikin, Lagos State

Poverty in Nigeria is endemic and continues to deepen even amid economic growth. We found that, beyond income, Nigeria is faced with multidimensional poverty that involves healthcare, education, and living standards, with several indicators. Recently dubbed the poverty capital of the world, Nigeria faces an enormous challenge in combating multidimensional poverty. Our study, which was theoretically analyzed using social exclusion theory, adopts both qualitative and quantitative approaches to examine the extent of multidimensional poverty in Nigeria, with particular attention on Oto/Ijanikin, which is a semiurban suburb of Lagos State. Primary data were gathered from the study area, while secondary data were sourced on the prevalence of multidimensional poverty in Nigeria. Focusing on indicators such as healthcare, electricity, education, clean water, and housing, we conclude that multidimensional poverty is indeed widespread in Nigeria and, thus, we recommend social inclusion as the solution

WATER, SANITATION AND POVERTY IN THE CHANGING WORLD. CASE OF NIGERIA

Water, sanitation, and hygiene are rights to everybody no matter which country one belongs. In developing countries, people are being denied the rights. This has resulted in poverty, diseases, and death especially in children. In line with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the UNDP responded to one of the key issues by embarking on programs on water governance for poverty reduction in Africa, Asia, the Pacific and other areas where they fall short of water, sanitation, and hygiene. The paper aims to highlight the water-related challenges facing countries globally, Africa and Nigeria. To achieve this, the paper focuses on the effects lack of water has on women and children. The effects include sickness, death, loss of money on drugs, time wasting on sourcing for water, educational, other social and economic effects. Also, the causes of water, sanitation, hygiene, and poverty were discussed. From the foregoing, it was observed that most of the MDGs goals in developing countries recorded only substantive progress. It is hoped that if recommendations in this paper followed to the letter coupled with the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the world will be transformed in terms of water, sanitation, and hygiene

Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on Profitability of Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s): A Study of DMB’s with International Operating License in Nigeria

The study examined the Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on Profitability of Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s) as obtained from their annual report for 2017 using their Return on Assets (RoA) as Profitability parameter. OLS method was used via SPSS 20.0 to run the data used in the research with findings that; there exist a strong positive relationship between CAR and ROA of Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s) in Nigeria and recommends that the banks’ regulators should not only focus on Capital Adequacy but also on strategic monitoring and evaluation to maintain banks’ financial strength and stability in Nigeria. Keywords: Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Profitability, Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s) DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/10-10-10 Publication date:May 31st 201

Trends in The Residential and Commercial Property Rental Values in Ikeja Metropolis of Lagos State, Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis

Both residential and commercial properties are germane and basic needs of man. While residential properties are needed for man’s occupation and resident, commercial properties are needed for business and commercial purposes. This study is basically set out to compare the developments in leasing or rental values of housing and profitable assets in Ikeja metropolitan axis of Lagos State, Nigeria. The study examined the trends in the rental values of residential and commercial properties in Ikeja from 2009 to 2018 with a view to comparing the trends of the two purposes of property use. The study used questionnaires to collect information from respondents in the area of study while some residents/landlords were selected for the purposes of personal interview. Information retrieved was evaluated via simple percentage and revealed general upward movement in the development of rent payment values of both residential and commercial properties in Ikeja metropolis even though the rate of increase is higher with the commercial properties

Drosophila para bss Flies as a Screening Model for Traditional Medicine: Anticonvulsant Effects of Annona senegalensis.

Epilepsy is among the most common serious neurological disorders and affects around 50 million people worldwide, 80% of which live in developing countries. Despite the introduction of several new Anti-Epileptic Drugs (AEDs) in the last two decades, one third of treated patients have seizures refractory to pharmacotherapy. This highlights the need to develop new treatments with drugs targeting alternative seizure-induction mechanisms. Traditional medicine (TM) is used for the treatment of epilepsy in many developing countries and could constitute an affordable and accessible alternative to AEDs, but a lack of pre-clinical and clinical testing has so far prevented its wider acceptance worldwide. In this study we used Drosophila melanogaster paralytic bangsensitive (para bss ) mutants as a model for epileptic seizure screening and tested, for the first time, the anti-seizure effect of a non-commercial AED. We evaluated the effect of the African custard-apple, Annona senegalensis, which is commonly used as a TM for the treatment of epilepsy in rural Africa, and compared it with the classical AED phenytoin. Our results showed that a stem bark extract from A. senegalensis was significantly more effective than a leaf extract and similar to phenytoin in the prevention and control of seizure-like behavior. These results support that Drosophila constitutes a robust animal model for the screening of TM with potential value for the treatment of intractable epilepsy

PLANE LANGUAGES AND THEIR PROPERTIES

In this paper we study the Generalized Parikh Vector of words over three letter alphabet. For S = {a, b, c} the GPVs of words lie in the tetrahedron whose vertices are (1, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 1) and (0, 0, 0). All GPVs of words of equal length lie on the same plane. Plane languages and their language theoretical properties are studied. Further, the GPVs of words lying on surfaces are discussed. The concepts of surface language, language surface and their properties are also studied in this paper

Organ Dose Measurement in Computed Tomography Using Thermoluminescence Dosimeter in Locally Developed Phantoms

Introduction: Organ dose estimation using thermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD) is known to be a standard, although many other methods, such as simulation software, optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters, and photodiodes are still in use. This study aimed at directly measuring mean organ doses to the selected organs in the head/neck, chest, and abdominal regions from four computed tomography (CT) units in Lagos, south-west of Nigeria. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on locally constructed inhomogeneous phantoms to measure mean organ doses to the head/neck, chest, and abdominopelvic regions from CT units in the Lagos metropolis, Nigeria. Lithium fluoride doped with magnesium and titanium (LiF: Mg, Ti) TLD was used for the measurement. Statistical analysis was performed by IBM SPSS (version 20). Results: Validation of the designed phantoms was below ± 20% kVp and mAs parameters among the CT units, which was statistically different with regard to the observed dose discrepancies. Generally, a one-way ANOVA showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the investigated mean organ dose (P = 0.043). The comparison of the obtained results from this study with those of other studies revealed that there was no statistically significant difference in the TLDs (P > 0.05). The maximum relative difference in the dose was < 200%. Conclusion: The designed phantoms seemed to be useful for CT dose validation and could be used to validate simulation software in areas where readymade phantoms are not available