INFLUÊNCIA DE EXERCÍCIOS POSTURAIS SOBRE A FORÇA MUSCULAR RESPIRATÓRIA EM JOVENS SAUDÁVEIS

Postural changes are a public health problem that can interfere directly with ventilatory mechanics, pilates exercises and isostretching may be beneficial for postural and ventilatory improvement. To analyze effects of combined exercises of the isostretching and Pilates methods on respiratory muscle strength (RMS), lung function and postural changes. Being twenty evaluated individuals, posture, RMS, pulmonary function and reevaluated after a training for 10 weeks. Twenty individuals, classified as BMI and physical activity level showed a significant difference between RMS, when compared to pre and post training values. The MIP presented (p = 0.002) in the same way as the MEP (p = 0.006). Each postural change may interfere in a different way in mechanics and new studies may bring better understanding of this mechanics and assist in the development of effective therapies. It is determined that postural works based on isostretching and pilates methods improve respiratory muscle strength.Alterações posturais são problema de saúde pública que pode interferir de forma direta na mecânica ventilatória, exercícios de Pilates e isostretching podem ser benéficos para a melhora postural e ventilatória. Analisar efeitos de exercícios combinados dos métodos de isostretching e Pilates sobre a força muscular respiratória (FMR), função pulmonar e alterações posturais. Sendo 20 indivíduos avaliados, postura, FMR, função pulmonar e reavaliados após um treinamento por 10 semanas. Os  20 indivíduos, classificados IMC e nível de atividade física apresentaram diferença entre FMR significante, quando comparados os valores pré e pós treinamento. A PiMáx apresentou (p=0,002) da mesma forma que a PeMáx (p=0,006). Cada alteração postural pode interferir de uma forma diferente na mecânica e novos estudos podem trazer melhor compreensão dessa mecânica e auxiliar no desenvolvimento de terapias eficazes. Determina-se que exercícios posturais baseados nos métodos de isostretching e pilates melhoram a força muscular respiratória

RELAÇÃO ENTRE O PERFIL COGNITIVO E MOTOR EM INDIVÍDUOS COM SÍNDROME DE DOWN POR MEIO DA EXECUÇÃO DE TAREFA VIRTUAL

The objective of the study was to verify if there is a relationship between the cognitive and motor profile in individuals with Down Syndrome (DS). Cross-sectional study (CAAE:58089622.5.0000.5515), with 27 individuals, 15 from the SD Group with a mean age of 17.5±5.5 years, and 12 from the Control Group, with a mean age of 19.1±5.2 years, evaluated by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and MoveHero software (to analyze the motor profile), the Borg Scale was also used. The SD group had a statistically significant MMSE score when compared to the Control group (p<0.001). Post-hoc comparisons showed that the SD Group had a greater EA in MoveHero (p= 0.008) and the SD Group had an increase in HR from rest to the end of the activity (p= 0.050). Thus, it can be concluded that individuals with down syndrome have a greater motor performance deficit, under the influence of the cognitive profile.O objetivo do estudo foi verificar se existe relação entre o perfil cognitivo e motor em indivíduos com Síndrome de Down (SD). Estudo transversal (CAAE:58089622.5.0000.5515), com 27 indivíduos, sendo 15 do Grupo SD com média de idade de 17.5±5.5 anos, e 12 do Grupo Controle, com média de idade de 19.1±5.2 anos, avaliados pelo Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e software MoveHero (para analisar o perfil motor), também foi utilizada a Escala de Borg. O grupo SD apresentou pontuação no MEEM estatisticamente significativa quando comparado ao grupo Controle (p<0.001). Comparações post-hoc mostraram que o Grupo SD apresentou um maior EA no MoveHero (p= 0.008) e o Grupo SD apresentou um aumento da FC do repouso para o fim da atividade (p= 0.050). Deste modo, pode-se concluir que indivíduos com síndrome de down apresentam maior déficit do desempenho motor, sob influência do perfil cognitivo

EFEITOS DA HIPOTERAPIA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO PSICOMOTOR DA CRIANÇA AUTISTA: RELATO DE CASO

Entende-se que autismo infantil é a auto absorção da criança em seu próprio mundo. A criança autista possui dificuldade em se expressar com o mundo externo e ter contato com outras pessoas. Objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a evolução do desenvolvimento psicomotor de uma criança com autismo após três meses de hipoterapia. O atendimento foi realizado no centro equestre de Presidente Prudente /SP com frequência de uma vez por semana e foi obtido melhora dos escores da escala de desenvolvimento do individuo, principalmente nas áreas de motricidade global, equilíbrio e organização espacial e manutenção das áreas selecionadas do Inventário Portage Operacionalizado analisadas

COMPARAÇÃO DA FORÇA MUSCULAR RESPIRATÓRIA DE ADOLESCENTES SAUDÁVEIS COM VALORES PREDITOS DE NORMALIDADE

The aim of this study was to verify the respiratory muscle strength (RMS) of healthy adolescents, and compare it with predicted normal values. The following were evaluated: (n=62, age=18.24±0.43 years, 48=female, 14=male) by means of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and FMR by manovacuometry by measuring Inspiratory Maximum Pressure (PiMáx) and Expiratory (PeMáx). Data were analyzed by Mann Whitney's t test, unpaired t-test and chi-square test. Regarding the IPAQ, 13 individuals were insufficiently active, 31 active and 18 very active. The values ​​of RMS were different from those predicted, being observed by the increase in the mean of the female PiMáx and the reduction in the male, in addition to the decrease of the PeMáx in both sexes. It was verified that the sample presented RMS impairment, which can impact on the health of this population, being a warning sign, besides recommending future analyzes of the predicted values ​​established.O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a força muscular respiratória (FMR) de adolescentes saudáveis, e comparar com os valores de normalidades preditos. Foram avaliados (n=62; idade=18,24±0,43 anos; 48=sexo feminino; 14=masculino) por meio do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) e da FMR por manovacuometria pela mensuração da Pressão Máxima Inspiratória (PiMáx) e Expiratória (PeMáx). Os dados foram analisados pelos testes de Mann Whitney, t de student não pareado e qui-quadrado. Com relação ao IPAQ, 13 indivíduos apresentaram-se insuficientemente ativos, 31 ativos e 18 muito ativos. Os valores da FMR mostraram-se diferentes dos preditos, sendo observados pelo aumento em média da PiMáx no sexo feminino e redução no masculino, além da diminuição da PeMáx em ambos os sexos. Verificou-se que a amostra apresentou comprometimento da FMR, a qual pode impactar na saúde desta população, sendo um sinal de alerta, além de recomendar futuras análises dos valores preditos estabelecidos

Influence of different types of corticosteroids on heart rate variability of individuals with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A pilot cross sectional study

Individuals with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) have an impairment of cardiac autonomic function categorized by parasympathetic reduction and sympathetic predominance. The objective of this study was to assess the cardiac autonomic modulation of individuals with DMD undergoing therapy with Prednisone/Prednisolone and Deflazacort and compare with individuals with DMD without the use of these medications and a typically developed control group. Methods: A cross-sectional study was completed, wherein 40 boys were evaluated. The four treatment groups were: Deflazacort; Prednisone/Prednisolone; no corticoid use; and typical development. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) was investigated via linear indices (Time Domain and Frequency Domain) and non-linear indices Results: The results of this study revealed that individuals with DMD undertaking pharmacotherapies with Prednisolone demonstrated HRV comparable to the Control Typically Developed (CTD) group. In contrast, individuals with DMD undergoing pharmacotherapies with Deflazacort achieved lower HRV, akin to individuals with DMD without any medications, as demonstrated in the metrics: RMSSD; LF (n.u.), HF (n.u.), LF/HF; SD1, α1, and α1/α2, and a significant effect for SD1/SD2; %DET and Ratio; Shannon Entropy, 0 V%, 2 LV% and 2 ULV%. Conclusions: Corticosteroids have the potential to affect the cardiac autonomic modulation in adolescents with DMD. The use of Prednisone/Prednisolone appears to promote improved responses in terms of sympathovagal activity as opposed to Deflazacort

Análise da velocidade e acurácia de movimentos em indivíduos após acidente vascular encefálico

The Stroke might cause alterations in movement control due to the sequels of this process. Objective: Analyze the speed-accuracy trade-off of upper limb movement in individuals with sequels of Stroke through a computer software. Method: It is about a cross-sectional study, the sample was composed of 46 individuals divided into two groups: individuals post-stroke, between the ages of 35  and 83 years old, in which 10 were women and 14 were men; and 22 healthy controls aligned by age and sex, in which 8 were women and 14 were men, evaluated through the instruments: Mini mental state examination, Orpington prognostic scale, Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale, dynamometer, box of blocks and throught the software “Fitts Reciprocal Aiming Task v.2.0. (Horizontal)”, that seeks to understand the motor control of the upper limb, verifying the speed and accuracy of movement through a computer task. Results: The individuals with sequels of Stroke showed a loss in the strength of the palmar grip and manual function. Besides, they showed a longer time in movement in all index of difficulty compared to Control group. However, they showed a similar behaviour to the healthy individuals throughout the execution of the index of difficulty. Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that the individuals with sequels of Stroke showed a deficit of the motor control of the upper limb, compared to the healthy individuals, however, these showed the same behavior, with a bigger deficit in the accuracy of movement.The Stroke might cause alterations in movement control due to the sequels of this process. Objective: Analyze the speed-accuracy trade-off of upper limb movement in individuals with sequels of Stroke through a computer software. Method: It is about a cross-sectional study, the sample was composed of 46 individuals divided into two groups: individuals post-stroke, between the ages of 35  and 83 years old, in which 10 were women and 14 were men; and 22 healthy controls aligned by age and sex, in which 8 were women and 14 were men, evaluated through the instruments: Mini mental state examination, Orpington prognostic scale, Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale, dynamometer, box of blocks and throught the software “Fitts Reciprocal Aiming Task v.2.0. (Horizontal)”, that seeks to understand the motor control of the upper limb, verifying the speed and accuracy of movement through a computer task. Results: The individuals with sequels of Stroke showed a loss in the strength of the palmar grip and manual function. Besides, they showed a longer time in movement in all index of difficulty compared to Control group. However, they showed a similar behaviour to the healthy individuals throughout the execution of the index of difficulty. Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that the individuals with sequels of Stroke showed a deficit of the motor control of the upper limb, compared to the healthy individuals, however, these showed the same behavior, with a bigger deficit in the accuracy of movement

Effect of Contextual Interference in the Practicing of a Computer Task in Individuals Poststroke

Objectives. Sensory and motor alterations resulting from stroke often impair the performance and learning of motor skills. The present study is aimed at investigating whether and how poststroke individuals and age- and sex-matched healthy controls benefit from a contextual interference effect on the practice of a maze task (i.e., constant vs. random practice) performed on the computer. Methods. Participants included 21 poststroke individuals and 21 healthy controls, matched by sex and age (30 to 80 years). Both groups were divided according to the type of the practice (constant or random) presented in the acquisition phase of the learning protocol. For comparison between the groups, types of practice, and blocks of attempts, the analysis of variance with Tukey’s post hoc test (p<0.05) was used. Results. Poststroke individuals presented longer movement times as compared with the control group. In addition, only poststroke individuals who performed the task with random practice showed improved performance at the transfer phase. Moreover, randomized practice enabled poststroke individuals to perform the transfer task similarly to individuals without any neurological impairment. Conclusion. The present findings indicated a significant effect of contextual interference of practice in poststroke individuals, suggesting that applying randomized training must be considered when designing rehabilitation protocols for this population

Gait Training with Functional Electrical Stimulation Improves Mobility in People Post-Stroke

(1) Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability. To identify the best treatment strategies for people with stroke (PwS), the aim of the current study was to compare the effects of training on a treadmill with functional electrical stimulation (TT-FES) with training on a treadmill (TT), and to analyze the effects of sequence of training on mobility and the parameters of walking ability. (2) Methods: Prospective, longitudinal, randomized and crossover study, in which 28 PwS were distributed into groups, namely the A-B Group (TT-FES followed by TT) and B-A Group (TT followed by TT-FES), using the foot drop stimulator, and were measured with functional tests. (3) Results: We found improved mobility, balance, non-paretic limb coordination, and endurance only in the group that started with TT-FES. However, sensorimotor function improved regardless of the order of training, and paretic limb coordination only improved in the B-A Group, but after TT-FES. These data indicate that the order of the protocols changed the results. (4) Conclusions: Although biomechanical evaluation methods were not used, which can be considered a limitation, our results showed that TT-FES was superior to isolated training on a treadmill with regard to balance, endurance capacity, and coordination of the non-paretic limb