Assessing the health effects of climate change, social vulnerability, and environmental justice in Camden County, New Jersey

Climate change negatively impacts health, while socially vulnerable and overburdened communities disproportionately experience climate change and negative health determinants. Camden County is used as a case study for analyzing environment, socioeconomics, and health. Environmental variables—PM2.5 and land cover of impervious surfaces, floodplains, and forests—were compared to the CDC Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) at the census tract level, finding significant correlations between land cover, air quality, and the SVI. The overburdened communities defined by the NJ Environmental Justice Law experienced a significantly higher incidence of emergency department visitation for respiratory, circulatory, and mental illnesses than non-overburdened communities. Health outcomes were compared to the CDC SVI and environmental factors, finding positive and significant correlation between the SVI, environment, and emergency department visitation for respiratory, circulatory, and mental illnesses. Data suggests that climate change will impact the health of all, while having magnified effects on the socially vulnerable and overburdened communities

Banach's isometric subspace problem in dimension four

We prove that, if all intersections of a convex body $B\subset\mathbb R^4$ with 3-dimensional linear subspaces are linearly equivalent,then $B$ is a centered ellipsoid. This settles the case $n=3$ of an old problem by Banach: Let $V$ be a normed vector space whose $n$-dimesional linear subspaces, for a fixed $n<\dim V$, are all isometric. Is $V$ necessarily an inner product space? The dimensions $n=3$ and $\dim V=4$ are the first case where the answer was not known, and in this case global topological methods do not help. Our proof is based on a differential geometric approach.Comment: 25 page

Long-term variability of Atlantic water temperature in the Svalbard fjords in conditions of past and recent global warming

Within last decades, the climate of our planet has underwent remarkable changes. The most notable are those called "Arctic amplification." is the changes comprise a decrease in the area of ​​multi-years ice in 2007 and 2012 in polar regions of the Northern hemisphere, accompanied by the temperature rise of intermediate Atlantic waters, increasing surface temperature. In this paper, an analysis of long-term variability of temperature transformed Atlantic waters (TAW) in the fjords of the West-Spitsbergen island (Isfjorden, Grnfjorden, Hornsund and Kongsfjorden) in the first period (1920–1940) and modern (1990–2009) warming in the Arctic is reported. It is shown that the instrumental observation data corresponds to the periods of rise in temperature in the layer of the TAW and surface air temperature (SAT) for the area of ​​the Svalbard

Usage of the New Modifier-curing Agent in Plywood Technology: The Influence to Urea-formaldehyde Resin Curing and Formaldehyde Emission

One of the urgent scientific and technical objectives in the technologies of plywood and wood boards is the search for ways to reduce of hot pressing time without increasing the formaldehyde emission from finished products. To solve this problem was developed the new modifier-curing agent MC-4SF, is mainly a product of interaction of citric acid with urea and ammonia. Compared to traditional ammonium salts, the modifier-curing agent combines the properties of both direct and latent catalysts. Determination of the composition of residual methylol groups in the aqueous extracts obtained by treating the resin cured at 100 °C showed that the modifier-curing agent provides relatively high hydrolytic stability of the UF-polymer during extraction. Spectra of solid-state 13C NMR showed that in resins cured with MC-4SF increased the compound of methylene bridges compared to resins cured with standard catalysts. It is possible that the amino groups of urea (or its derivatives) included in the modifier-curing agent, react with the methylol groups of UF oligomers, fitting urea into the structure of the resulting polymer. Thus explains the increased hydrolytic stability and reduced toxicity of the cured resin. Manufacturing tests of nine-layer plywood made with a modifier-curing agent showed that replacing ammonium sulfate with MC-4SF allows a significant reduction in pressing time at 110 °C without loss of quality of the finished product. With the same pressing time, it was possible to increase the line shear strength by 14% and to reduce formaldehyde emission by 45%

Inferring Temporal Properties of Finite-State Machine Models with Genetic Programming

ABSTRACT The paper presents a genetic programming based approach for inferring general form Linear Temporal Logic properties of finite-state machine models. Candidate properties are evaluated using several fitness functions, therefore multiobjective evolutionary algorithms are used. The feasibility of the approach is demonstrated by two examples. CCS Concepts Software and its engineering → Search-based software engineering

Artificial Neural Network-based fatigue behavior prediction of metals and composite materials

This article presents a study devoted to predicting the fatigue behavior of two different materials: aluminum alloy AL-2024-T6 and glass fiber composite samples. The approach used in the study involves the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to develop accurate models for predicting the fatigue life of these materials at various skewness ratios (R). For the first case study, the S-N curve of tensile-tested AL-2024-T6 was predicted for different values of R using a few sets of data for learning. The model was then tested on the same values of R as the learning set, as well as on a different value of R (-0.4), to demonstrate the ability of the model to predict fatigue data under varying conditions. The results showed that the model was capable of accurately predicting the fatigue life of AL-2024-T6 for different values of R. For the second case study, the stiffness degradation of bending-tested glass fiber woven composite samples was predicted for different values of R using ANN. Different layups of composite samples were considered in this study. The model was trained on a few sets of data and tested on the same and different values of R, demonstrating the ability of the model to accurately predict stiffness degradation of composite samples under varying coefficients of asymmetry. The results of both case studies showed that ANN-based models can be effective in predicting the fatigue behavior of different materials tested using different methods under varying coefficients of asymmetry. These findings have practical implications for industries involved in the design and manufacturing of materials, particularly in the aerospace and automotive sectors, where fatigue behavior is critical to the structural integrity of components

Laser-sub-cycle two-dimensional electron momentum mapping using orthogonal two-color fields

The two-dimensional sub-cycle-time to electron momentum mapping provided by orthogonal two-color laser fields is applied to photoelectron spectroscopy. Using neon as the example we gain experimental access to the dynamics of emitted electron wave packets in electron momenta spectra measured by coincidence momentum imaging. We demonstrate the opportunities provided by this time-to-momentum mapping by investigating the influence of the parent ion on the emitted electrons on laser-sub-cycle times. It is found that depending on their sub-cycle birth time the trajectories of photoelectrons are affected differently by the ion's Coulomb field