Infinite primitive and distance transitive directed graphs of finite out-valency

We give certain properties which are satisfied by the descendant set of a vertex in an infinite, primitive, distance transitive digraph of finite out-valency and provide a strong structure theory for digraphs satisfying these properties. In particular, we show that there are only countably many possibilities for the isomorphism type of such a descendant set, thereby confirming a conjecture of the first Author. As a partial converse, we show that certain related conditions on a countable digraph are sufficient for it to occur as the descendant set of a primitive, distance transitive digraph

Schwierigkeitsbeeinflussende Merkmale bei Aufgaben zum Hörverstehen im Fach Deutsch in der Sekundarstufe I

In dieser Arbeit wird der Einfluss ausgewählter Merkmale auf die Schwierigkeit von Items und Stimuli des IQB-Aufgabenpools für das Fach Deutsch in der Sekundarstufe I im Kompetenzbereich „Zuhören“ untersucht. Aufgrund linguistischer Überlegungen zur Eigenart mündlicher Kommunikation und den besonderen Umständen in Art und Produktion gesprochener Sprache sowie den psychologischen, psycholinguistischen und didaktischen Grundlagen des Hörverstehens ergeben sich Merkmale der Stimuli, der Items sowie Merkmale, die aus der Interaktion der Items mit dem entsprechenden Stimulus resultieren. Diese Merkmale werden im Rahmen korpusanalytischer Methoden untersucht und sind überwiegend auf lexikalischer und syntaktischer Ebene zu finden. Außerdem wird die Übereinstimmung der Einschätzung der Aufgabenentwickler bezüglich der Schwierigkeit von Items und Stimuli mit den empirischen Schwierigkeiten überprüft. Zu den Stimuli liegen ferner Einschätzungen von Lehrkräften auf der Grundlage einer Ratingskala vor. Zusätzlich werden Merkmale der Testpersonen in die Analysen miteinbezogen. Zusätzlich wird untersucht, in welcher Weise personenbezogene Merkmale die Testleistung und damit die Schwierigkeit von Items und Stimuli beeinflussen. Beurteilt werden von den Schülern der Interessantheits- bzw. Bekanntheitsgrad der Stimuli sowie die Präsentationsqualität. Für keine dieser Einschätzungen kann ein systematischer signifikanter Zusammenhang mit den Leistungsdaten der Schüler nachgewiesen werden. Die Ergebnisse des Tests zur Arbeitsgedächtniskapazität sowie das Merkmal „Sprachkenntnisse“ korrelieren dagegen in allen Fällen signifikant (p < 0.05) mi

Fixers: contracultura em ascensão

Esta pesquisa consiste no estudo da obsolescência pela perspectiva do Design. Analisou-se os diferentes tipos de estratégias de obsolescência consideradas por vários autores. A partir deste entendimento é investigado o contexto histórico de dois tipos de obsolescência praticadas na atualidade, à programada e a perceptiva, levando-se em consideração sua influência no campo do Design, bem como seus reflexos em nossa sociedade, na vida do indivíduo contemporâneo e seus impactos ambientais, refletindo na redução de recursos naturais e aumentando a geração de resíduos, resultantes de um consumo desenfreado por novos produtos e serviços. Com este intuito, é possível compreender a influência da obsolescência programada e perceptiva na criação de grupos de consertadores, também conhecidos como fixers (do inglês: consertadores), sendo este, o principal objetivo deste trabalho, conhecer estes grupos, considerados atualmente como uma contracultura em franco desenvolvimento. Estes grupos divulgam que o melhor para o futuro do nosso planeta não é reciclar o lixo e sim não produzi-lo, promovendo através desta ideia, encontros nos quais as pessoas levam seus produtos avariados para consertá-los gratuitamente, aprendendo também a repará-los no caso de uma nova necessidade, fazendo com que durem mais tempo. Esta pesquisa segue uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, de natureza interpretativa e descritiva sendo a coleta de informações, feita através de um questionário enviado para cem grupos fixers. Responderam ao questionário, o único grupo brasileiro e quatorze grupos estrangeiros. A análise do conteúdo dos questionários permitiu compreender vários aspectos sobre os grupos fixers, sendo estas informações relacionadas com, os procedimentos de pesquisa, compreendendo revisão bibliográfica e analise filmografica, levantados durante toda a pesquisa. Trazendo desta forma, contribuições para amenizar as estratégias de obsolescência, os impactos ambientais causados pela acelerada demanda na produção de novos produtos e consumo irrefreado. Colaborando, também, com implicações práticas e teóricas do Design para o alcance de uma sociedade mais sustentável e o desenvolvimento de futuros projetos relacionados aos grupos fixers.This research consists in the study of obsolescence through the perspective of Design. It analyze the different kinds of obsolescence strategies considered by several authors. From this understanding it is investigated the historical context of two kinds of obsolescence practiced today, the programmed and perceptive, taking into account their influence in the design field, like its effects on our society, in the life of contemporary individual and its environmental impacts, reflecting in the reduction of natural resources and increasing the generation of waste, resulting from unbridled consumption for new products and services. With this aim, it is possible to understand the influence of programmed and perceptive obsolescence in the creation of repairmen groups, also known as fixers, which is the main objective of this work, to know these groups currently considered a counter rapidly developing. These groups disclose that the best for the future of the planet is not recycle garbage and yes does not produce it by promoting through this idea, meetings where people take their defective products to fix them for free, also learning to repair them in the case a new need, making it lasting more time. This research follows a qualitative methodological approach, interpretative nature and descriptive being the collection of information, made through a questionnaire sent to a hundred fixers groups. Replying to the questionnaire, the only Brazilian group of repairmen and fourteen foreign groups. The analysis of the content of the questionnaires allowed us to understand several aspects about the fixers groups, being these informations relating to research procedures including bibliographic review and analysis filmography, raised throughout the research. Bringing this way, contributions to soften the obsolescence strategies, the environmental impacts caused by the accelerated demand in the production of new products and unbridled consumption. Collaborating also with practical and theoretical implications of Design for the range of a more sustainable society and the development of future projects related to the fixers groups

Das Ehrenamt nutzen: Zur Entstehung einer staatlichen Engagementpolitik in Deutschland

Seit der Jahrtausendwende gibt es auf der bundespolitischen Ebene in Deutschland ein eigens auf die Engagementförderung fokussiertes Politikfeld. Wie kam es dazu? Wer hat diesen Prozess forciert? Diesen Fragen geht die Autorin durch eine Verknüpfung von Diskurs-, Hegemonie- und Gouvernementalitätstheorie auf den Grund. Anhand der Analyse politisch-medialer Diskurse legt sie den gesellschaftlichen Wandel im Umgang mit Freiwilligenarbeit seit den 1980er Jahren offen und beleuchtet die Deutungs- und Institutionalisierungskämpfe zwischen verschiedenen Interessengruppen. Es zeigt sich: Die Herausbildung einer staatlichen Engagementpolitik war keinesfalls zwangsläufig.Since the turn of the millennium, at the level of federal policy in Germany there has been a political field focused specifically on the promotion of social engagement. How did it come to this? Who was behind this process? The author gets to the bottom of these questions by making connections to theories of discourse, hegemony and governmentality. Using the analysis of political and media discourses, she reveals the social transformation in the approach to voluntary work that has taken place since the 1980s, and illuminates struggles of interpretation and institutionalization between diverse interest groups. It becomes clear that the formation of a state policy of social engagement was in no way a necessity

Bacteremia caused by an Acinetobacter junii strain harboring class 1 integron and diverse DNA mobile elements

INTRODUCTION: Infections caused by Acinetobacter junii are rarely reported. However, some outbreaks of septicemia in neonates and pediatric oncology patients, as well as meningitis, peritonitis, and ocular infection have been described. Since it is highly infrequent to find the molecular characterization of A. junii strains in literature, in this study we described the molecular characterization of A. junii isolates recovered from blood samples of a renal transplant patient. METHODOLOGY: The case was defined as a catheter-related bacteremia caused by A. junii. The patient responded favorably after catheter removal and treatment with ciprofloxacin. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The complete molecular characterization of the isolate showed that it harbored a class 1 integron and diverse DNA mobile elements. This explains its genomic plasticity for acquiring antimicrobial resistance determinants and for adapting to a nosocomial niche.Fil: Traglia, German Matias. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica; ArgentinaFil: Almuzara, Marisa. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital Interzonal de Agudos ; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vilacoba, Elisabet. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica; ArgentinaFil: Tuduri, Alicia. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital Interzonal de Agudos ; ArgentinaFil: Neumann, Gabriela. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital Interzonal de Agudos ; ArgentinaFil: Pallone, Elida Carmen. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital Interzonal de Agudos ; ArgentinaFil: Centron, Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica; ArgentinaFil: Ramirez, Maria Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica; Argentin

Aggression and Anxiety: Social Context and Neurobiological Links

Psychopathologies such as anxiety- and depression-related disorders are often characterized by impaired social behaviours including excessive aggression and violence. Excessive aggression and violence likely develop as a consequence of generally disturbed emotional regulation, such as abnormally high or low levels of anxiety. This suggests an overlap between brain circuitries and neurochemical systems regulating aggression and anxiety. In this review, we will discuss different forms of male aggression, rodent models of excessive aggression, and neurobiological mechanisms underlying male aggression in the context of anxiety. We will summarize our attempts to establish an animal model of high and abnormal aggression using rats selected for high (HAB) vs. low (LAB) anxiety-related behaviour. Briefly, male LAB rats and, to a lesser extent, male HAB rats show high and abnormal forms of aggression compared with non-selected (NAB) rats, making them a suitable animal model for studying excessive aggression in the context of extremes in innate anxiety. In addition, we will discuss differences in the activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, brain arginine vasopressin, and the serotonin systems, among others, which contribute to the distinct behavioural phenotypes related to aggression and anxiety. Further investigation of the neurobiological systems in animals with distinct anxiety phenotypes might provide valuable information about the link between excessive aggression and disturbed emotional regulation, which is essential for understanding the social and emotional deficits that are characteristic of many human psychiatric disorders

Das Ehrenamt nutzen

Seit der Jahrtausendwende gibt es auf der bundespolitischen Ebene in Deutschland ein eigens auf die Engagementförderung fokussiertes Politikfeld. Wie kam es dazu? Wer hat diesen Prozess forciert? Diesen Fragen geht Daniela Neumann durch eine Verknüpfung von Diskurs-, Hegemonie- und Gouvernementalitätstheorie auf den Grund. Anhand der Analyse politisch-medialer Diskurse legt sie den gesellschaftlichen Wandel im Umgang mit Freiwilligenarbeit seit den 1980er Jahren offen und beleuchtet die Deutungs- und Institutionalisierungskämpfe zwischen verschiedenen Interessengruppen. Es zeigt sich: Die Herausbildung einer staatlichen Engagementpolitik war keinesfalls zwangsläufig

¿Qué determina el diferencial salarial entre hombres y mujeres? El caso de Bogotá para el año 2013

29 páginas incluye ilustraciones y diagramasEste trabajo pretende encontrar los determinantes del diferencial salarial entre hombres y mujeres, en Bogotá para el año 2013, haciendo uso de la encuesta de Calidad de Vida, hecha por el DANE. La tesis principal de este análisis, pretende encontrar el efecto que tienen las horas que las madres dedican al cuidado de sus hijos, en el salario de las mujeres, y que hace que haya todavía una brecha salarial más grande entre hombres y mujeres. Además se analizan más factores, tanto observables como no observables. Se hace uso de las estimaciones por medio de ecuaciones tipo Mincer, y además, de regresiones por percentiles evaluando varios puntos de la distribución del salario para hombres y mujeres, respectivamente​ Nota: Para consultar la carta de autorización de publicación de este documento por favor copie y pegue el siguiente enlace en su navegador de internet: http://intellectum.unisabana.edu.co/handle/10818/1552