Scintigraphicdetection of the parathyroid tissue in hyperparathyroidism.

Cílem disertační práce je stanovit diagnostickou přesnost několika metod scintigrafické detekce příštítných tělísek (PT) a návrh optimálního algoritmu vyšetření pro maximálně úspěšnou lokalizaci hyperfunkčních PT. Soubor pacientů byl rozdělen do 3 skupin s jednotlivými typy hyperparatyreózy (HPT): skupina I. primární PHPT se 253 pacienty, skupina II. normokalcemická primární PHPT se 75 pacienty a skupina III. sekundární SHPT s 61 pacienty. U všech pacientů bylo provedeno vyšetření protokolem A: v jeden den dvoufázové SPECT/CT vyšetření s 99mTc-MIBI (technecium 2-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitril) současně zobrazující štítnou žlázu i s PT, v jiný den SPECT štítné žlázy s použitím 99mTc- NaTcO4 (technecistan sodný) pro subtrakční metodu s 3D subtrakční analýzou. U 44 pacientů ze skupiny I. s negativním nebo nejasným výsledkem protokolu A byl proveden také protokol B: PET/CT vyšetření s 18F-FCH (fluorocholin). Výsledky operace a histologie posloužily jako "zlatý standard" pro hodnocení přesnosti scintigrafických nálezů. Ve skupině I. mělo 209/253 pacientů pozitivní nález na scintigrafii pomocí protokolu A a 44 pacientů s neurčitým nebo negativním nálezem bylo vyšetřeno protokolem B. Všech 253 pacientů bylo operováno. Ve skupině I. byly stanoveny výsledky diagnostické přesnosti: sensitivita, specificita,...The aim of this work is the assessment of the diagnostic accuracy in parathyroid glands (PG) detection by various scintigraphic methods and to propose the optimal examination procedure for successful localization of hyperfunctional PG. The patients were divided into 3 groups with individual types of hyperparathyroidism (HPT): group I. primary PHPT (253 patients), group II. normocalcemic NPHPT (75 patients) and group III. secondary SHPT (61 patients). For all the patients protocol A was performed: one day a two-phase SPECT/CT scan using 99mTc-MIBI (technetium 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile) depicted simultaneously thyroid gland and PG, and another day thyroid SPECT using 99mTc-NaTcO4 (pertechnetate) for 3D subtraction analysis. In case of 44 patients from group I with negative or unclear results of the protocol A also protocol B was performed: PET/CT using 18F-FCH (fluorocholine). The results of surgery and histology served as a "gold standard" for the assessment of the accuracy of scintigraphic findings. In group I. 209/253 patients had a positive finding on scintigraphy using protocol A and 44 patients with an unclear or negative finding of protocol A underwent protocol B examination. In total, 253 patients were operated. The results of the diagnostic accuracy: sensitivity, specificity, positive...Ústav nukleární medicíny 1. lF UK a VFN v PrazeInstitute of Nuclear Medicine First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague1. lékařská fakultaFirst Faculty of Medicin

ŠPITZE - variable system of textile pieces in fashion and interior design inspired by lace

katedra: KDE; přílohy: 1 CD; rozsah: 76 s. (50 532 znaků)Tato bakalářská práce vychází z řady děl předních světových designérů 21. století. Každá z jejich prací měla vliv na výsledný koncept této bakalářské práce. Cílem bylo propojit tradiční textilní výrobní odvětví krajky a materiály zpracované novými efektivnějšími způsoby. Výsledkem práce je variabilní plstěný dílec ŠPITZE, vytvořený pomocí průmyslového laseru, jehož využití je určeno pro oděvní i interiérové textilní kompozice. Vývoj konceptu této bakalářské práce je detailně popsán na následujících stranách.This bachelor thesis is based on a number of works by the world's leading designers of the 21st century. Each of their works had an influence on the final concept of this thesis. The objective was to link traditional textile industry of lace and materials produced new and more effective ways. Result of this work is a variable component felt ŠPITZE, created by an industrial laser, whose use is intended for clothing and interior textile pieces. Development of the concept this bachelor thesis is described in detail on the following pages

Scintigraphy with 99mTc-HMPAO labeled leukocytes is still an accurate and convenient tool to rule out suspected inflammatory bowel disease in children

BACKGROUND: Abdominal pain is a common complaint in children and its differential diagnosis includes inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of scintigraphy with 99mTechnetium Hexamethylpropyleneamine Oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) labeled leukocytes in children with suspected IBD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty-five children (age 12.4 ± 4.3 years, 47% boys) with suspected IBD based on clinical presentation, laboratory and ultrasound findings underwent scintigraphy with 99mTc-HMPAO labeled leukocytes. Abdominal scintigrams were acquired 40 min and 90 min post injection, and whole body scintigrams at 180 min. Scintigraphy was evaluated by two specialists in nuclear medicine. The results were compared with the final diagnosis established by endoscopy, histology, other imaging methods, and follow-up evaluated by an expert in pediatric gastroenterology. RESULTS: Scintigraphy results corresponded with the final diagnosis in 78 (91%) patients resulting in a sensitivity of 89% (95%CI 72 to 98%), specificity of 91% (95% CI 82 to 98%), and accuracy of 91% (95% CI 83 to 96%). The interobserver agreement was 0.82 (95% CI 0.75 to 0.88) and the radiation dose estimate was 4.2 ± 1.5 mSv. In 28 children (25 positives and 3 negatives on scintigraphy), the diagnosis of IBD was established by endoscopy, histology, MR enterography, or fluoroscopy. Five positive findings on scintigraphy were not confirmed by other methods or during follow-up. CONCLUSION: Scintigraphy with 99mTc-HMPAO labeled leukocytes in children with suspected IBD has high accuracy and offers a non-invasive option for detecting the presence of gastrointestinal inflammation. Scintigraphy is a powerful non-invasive decision-making tool in the management of suspected IBD that may spare a greater proportion of children of more invasive and demanding examinations

Comparison of planar DMSA scan with an evaluation based on SPECT imaging in the split renal function assessment

BACKGROUND: Validation of the 99mTc-DMSA planar scintigraphy accuracy for split renal function assessment and comparison with evaluation based on SPECT imaging both with and without CT attenuation correction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For split renal function assessment two methods were used: A) planar scintigraphy based on anterior and posterior projections using correction for kidney depth calculated by the geometric mean; B) semi-quantitative evaluation based on SPECT (B1) and attenuation-corrected SPECT/CT (B2) images using locally developed software for kidney segmentation and voxel-based analysis. All three methods were performed with a phantom simulating body including pair of kidneys. For patient study methods A and B1 were applied on a group of 140 children and adolescents with various renal diseases. Renal function ratios were compared both mutually and with physically measured activity ratios in the phantom. RESULTS: Method A provided results which were closest to measured reference values (average absolute difference of 0.9 percentage points [pp]). Method B1 was noticeably worse (2.1pp), whereas attenuation correction (B2) improved tomography results considerably (1.3 pp). The superiority of planar imaging could be caused among others by differences in creation of planar range of interest compared to tomographic volume of interest. However all the differences were under the threshold of any clinical importance. The comparison between method A and B1 based on patient study also showed differences mostly of none clinical importance. CONCLUSION: Routine evaluation of split renal function using planar technique with correction of the kidney depth is at least equivalent to tomographic evaluation, and there is no need to update the established clinical practice.    BACKGROUND: Validation of the 99mTc-DMSA planar scintigraphy accuracy for split renal function assessment and comparison with evaluation based on SPECT imaging both with and without CT attenuation correction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For split renal function assessment two methods were used: A) planar scintigraphy based on anterior and posterior projections using correction for kidney depth calculated by the geometric mean; B) semi-quantitative evaluation based on SPECT (B1) and attenuation-corrected SPECT/CT (B2) images using locally developed software for kidney segmentation and voxel-based analysis. All three methods were performed with a phantom simulating body including pair of kidneys. For patient study methods A and B1 were applied on a group of 140 children and adolescents with various renal diseases. Renal function ratios were compared both mutually and with physically measured activity ratios in the phantom. RESULTS: Method A provided results which were closest to measured reference values (average absolute difference of 0.9 percentage points [pp]). Method B1 was noticeably worse (2.1pp), whereas attenuation correction (B2) improved tomography results considerably (1.3 pp). The superiority of planar imaging could be caused among others by differences in creation of planar range of interest compared to tomographic volume of interest. However all the differences were under the threshold of any clinical importance. The comparison between method A and B1 based on patient study also showed differences mostly of none clinical importance. CONCLUSION: Routine evaluation of split renal function using planar technique with correction of the kidney depth is at least equivalent to tomographic evaluation, and there is no need to update the established clinical practice

Scintigraphicdetection of the parathyroid tissue in hyperparathyroidism.

The aim of this work is the assessment of the diagnostic accuracy in parathyroid glands (PG) detection by various scintigraphic methods and to propose the optimal examination procedure for successful localization of hyperfunctional PG. The patients were divided into 3 groups with individual types of hyperparathyroidism (HPT): group I. primary PHPT (253 patients), group II. normocalcemic NPHPT (75 patients) and group III. secondary SHPT (61 patients). For all the patients protocol A was performed: one day a two-phase SPECT/CT scan using 99mTc-MIBI (technetium 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile) depicted simultaneously thyroid gland and PG, and another day thyroid SPECT using 99mTc-NaTcO4 (pertechnetate) for 3D subtraction analysis. In case of 44 patients from group I with negative or unclear results of the protocol A also protocol B was performed: PET/CT using 18F-FCH (fluorocholine). The results of surgery and histology served as a "gold standard" for the assessment of the accuracy of scintigraphic findings. In group I. 209/253 patients had a positive finding on scintigraphy using protocol A and 44 patients with an unclear or negative finding of protocol A underwent protocol B examination. In total, 253 patients were operated. The results of the diagnostic accuracy: sensitivity, specificity, positive..