66 research outputs found
The Evolution of Early-Type Galaxies in Distant Clusters III.: M/L_V Ratios in the z=0.33 Cluster CL1358+62
Keck spectroscopy and Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 imaging over a 1.5x1.5 Mpc
field of CL1358+62 at z=0.33 are used to study the Fundamental Plane of
galaxies based on a new, large sample of 53 galaxies. First, we have
constructed the Fundamental Plane for the 30 E and S0 galaxies and find that it
has the following shape: r_e = sigma**(1.31+-0.13) * _e**(-0.86+-0.10),
similar to that found locally. The 1-sigma intrinsic scatter about this plane
is 14% in M/L(V), comparable to that observed in Coma. We conclude that these E
and S0 galaxies are structurally mature and homogeneous, like those observed in
nearby clusters. The M/L(V) ratios of these early-type galaxies are offset from
the Coma Fundamental Plane by delta log M/L(V) = -0.13+- 0.03 (q0=0.1),
indicative of mild luminosity evolution. This evolution suggests a formation
epoch for the stars of z > 1. We have also analyzed the M/L(V) ratios of
galaxies of type S0/a and later. These early-type spirals follow a different
plane from the E and S0 galaxies, with a scatter that is twice as large as the
scatter for the E/S0s. The difference in the tilt between the plane of the
spirals and the plane of the E/S0s is shown to be due to a systematic
correlation of velocity dispersion with residual from the plane of the
early-type galaxies. These residuals also correlate with the residuals from the
Color-Magnitude relation. Thus for spirals in clusters, we see a systematic
variation in the luminosity-weighted mean properties of the stellar populations
with central velocity dispersion. If this is a relative age trend, then
luminosity-weighted age is positively correlated with dispersion. [abridged
version]Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures; revised version, accepted by ApJ on 13 August
199
The Kepler Smear Campaign: Light curves for 102 Very Bright Stars
We present the first data release of the Kepler Smear Campaign, using
collateral 'smear' data obtained in the Kepler four-year mission to reconstruct
light curves of 102 stars too bright to have been otherwise targeted. We
describe the pipeline developed to extract and calibrate these light curves,
and show that we attain photometric precision comparable to stars analyzed by
the standard pipeline in the nominal Kepler mission. In this paper, aside from
publishing the light curves of these stars, we focus on 66 red giants for which
we detect solar-like oscillations, characterizing 33 of these in detail with
spectroscopic chemical abundances and asteroseismic masses as benchmark stars.
We also classify the whole sample, finding nearly all to be variable, with
classical pulsations and binary effects. All source code, light curves, TRES
spectra, and asteroseismic and stellar parameters are publicly available as a
Kepler legacy sample.Comment: 35 pages, accepted ApJ
The Extragalactic Distance Scale Key Project XXVII. A Derivation of the Hubble Constant Using the Fundamental Plane and Dn-Sigma Relations in Leo I, Virgo, and Fornax
Using published photometry and spectroscopy, we construct the fundamental
plane and D_n-Sigma relations in Leo I, Virgo and Fornax. The published Cepheid
P-L relations to spirals in these clusters fixes the relation between angular
size and metric distance for both the fundamental plane and D_n-Sigma
relations. Using the locally calibrated fundamental plane, we infer distances
to a sample of clusters with a mean redshift of cz \approx 6000 \kms, and
derive a value of H_0=78+- 5+- 9 km/s/Mpc (random, systematic) for the local
expansion rate. This value includes a correction for depth effects in the
Cepheid distances to the nearby clusters, which decreased the deduced value of
the expansion rate by 5% +- 5%. If one further adopts the metallicity
correction to the Cepheid PL relation, as derived by the Key Project, the value
of the Hubble constant would decrease by a further 6%+- 4%. These two sources
of systematic error, when combined with a +- 6% error due to the uncertainty in
the distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud, a +- 4% error due to uncertainties
in the WFPC2 calibration, and several small sources of uncertainty in the
fundamental plane analysis, combine to yield a total systematic uncertainty of
+- 11%. We find that the values obtained using either the CMB, or a flow-field
model, for the reference frame of the distant clusters, agree to within 1%. The
Dn-Sigma relation also produces similar results, as expected from the
correlated nature of the two scaling relations. A complete discussion of the
sources of random and systematic error in this determination of the Hubble
constant is also given, in order to facilitate comparison with the other
secondary indicators being used by the Key Project.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Ap
The C4 Clustering Algorithm: Clusters of Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
We present the "C4 Cluster Catalog", a new sample of 748 clusters of galaxies
identified in the spectroscopic sample of the Second Data Release (DR2) of the
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The C4 cluster--finding algorithm identifies
clusters as overdensities in a seven-dimensional position and color space, thus
minimizing projection effects which plagued previous optical clusters
selection. The present C4 catalog covers ~2600 square degrees of sky with
groups containing 10 members to massive clusters having over 200 cluster
members with redshifts. We provide cluster properties like sky location, mean
redshift, galaxy membership, summed r--band optical luminosity (L_r), velocity
dispersion, and measures of substructure. We use new mock galaxy catalogs to
investigate the sensitivity to the various algorithm parameters, as well as to
quantify purity and completeness. These mock catalogs indicate that the C4
catalog is ~90% complete and 95% pure above M_200 = 1x10^14 solar masses and
within 0.03 <=z <= 0.12. The C4 algorithm finds 98% of X-ray identified
clusters and 90% of Abell clusters within 0.03 <= z <= 0.12. We show that the
L_r of a cluster is a more robust estimator of the halo mass (M_200) than the
line-of-sight velocity dispersion or the richness of the cluster. L_r. The
final SDSS data will provide ~2500 C4 clusters and will represent one of the
largest and most homogeneous samples of local clusters.Comment: 32 pages of figures and text accepted in AJ. Electronic version with
additional tables, links, and figures is available at
http://www.ctio.noao.edu/~chrism/c
A Systematic Analytic Approach to Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Planning
The World Health Organization warns that a flu pandemic is inevitable, and possibly imminent. Barnett and colleagues discuss a tool called the Haddon Matrix that could help in pandemic influenza planning
The PARTNER trial of neoadjuvant olaparib with chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer
PARTNER is a prospective, phase II–III, randomized controlled clinical trial that recruited patients with triple-negative breast cancer1, 2, who were germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 wild type3. Here we report the results of the trial. Patients (n = 559) were randomized on a 1:1 basis to receive neoadjuvant carboplatin–paclitaxel with or without 150 mg olaparib twice daily, on days 3 to 14, of each of four cycles (gap schedule olaparib, research arm) followed by three cycles of anthracycline-based chemotherapy before surgery. The primary end point was pathologic complete response (pCR)4, and secondary end points included event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS)5. pCR was achieved in 51% of patients in the research arm and 52% in the control arm (P = 0.753). Estimated EFS at 36 months in the research and control arms was 80% and 79% (log-rank P > 0.9), respectively; OS was 90% and 87.2% (log-rank P = 0.8), respectively. In patients with pCR, estimated EFS at 36 months was 90%, and in those with non-pCR it was 70% (log-rank P < 0.001), and OS was 96% and 83% (log-rank P < 0.001), respectively. Neoadjuvant olaparib did not improve pCR rates, EFS or OS when added to carboplatin–paclitaxel and anthracycline-based chemotherapy in patients with triple-negative breast cancer who were germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 wild type. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03150576
Early-type galaxies in the SDSS. III. The Fundamental Plane
A magnitude limited sample of nearly 9000 early-type galaxies, in the
redshift range 0.01 < z < 0.3, was selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
using morphological and spectral criteria. The Fundamental Plane relation in
this sample is R_o ~ sigma^{1.49\pm 0.05} I_o^{-0.75\pm 0.01} in the r* band.
It is approximately the same in the g*, i* and z* bands. Relative to the
population at the median redshift in the sample, galaxies at lower and higher
redshifts have evolved only little. If the Fundamental Plane is used to
quantify this evolution then the apparent magnitude limit can masquerade as
evolution; once this selection effect has been accounted for, the evolution is
consistent with that of a passively evolving population which formed the bulk
of its stars about 9 Gyrs ago. One of the principal advangtages of the SDSS
sample over previous samples is that the galaxies in it lie in environments
ranging from isolation in the field to the dense cores of clusters. The
Fundamental Plane shows that galaxies in dense regions are slightly different
from galaxies in less dense regions.Comment: 27 pages, 10 figures. Accepted by AJ (scheduled for April 2003). This
paper is part III of a revised version of astro-ph/011034
The Galactic Center with Roman
We advocate for a Galactic center (GC) field to be added to the Galactic
Bulge Time Domain Survey (GBTDS). The new field would yield high-cadence
photometric and astrometric measurements of an unprecedented 3.3
million stars toward the GC. This would enable a wide range of science cases,
such as finding star-compact object binaries that may ultimately merge as
LISA-detectable gravitational wave sources, constraining the mass function of
stars and compact objects in different environments, detecting populations of
microlensing and transiting exoplanets, studying stellar flares and variability
in young and old stars, and monitoring accretion onto the central supermassive
black hole. In addition, high-precision proper motions and parallaxes would
open a new window into the large-scale dynamics of stellar populations at the
GC, yielding insights into the formation and evolution of galactic nuclei and
their co-evolution with the growth of the supermassive black hole. We discuss
the possible trade-offs between the notional GBTDS and the addition of a GC
field with either an optimal or minimal cadence. Ultimately, the addition of a
GC field to the GBTDS would dramatically increase the science return of Roman
and provide a legacy dataset to study the mid-plane and innermost regions of
our Galaxy.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to the NASA Roman Core Community
Surveys White Paper Cal
Sheep Updates 2008 - part 3
This session covers fiveteen papers from different authors:
CONTROLLING FLY STRIKE
1. Breeding for Blowfly Resistance - Indicatoe Traits, LJE Karlsson, JC Greeff, L Slocombe, Department of Agriculture & Food, Western Australia
2.A practical method to select for breech strike resistance in non-pedigreed Merino flocks, LJE Karlsson, JC Greeff, L Slocombe, K. Jones, N. Underwood, Department of Agriculture & Food, Western Australia
3. Twice a year shearing - no mulesing, Fred Wilkinson, Producer, Brookton WA
BEEF
4. Commercial testing of a new tool for prediction of fatness in beef cattle, WD HoffmanA, WA McKiernanA, VH OddyB, MJ McPheeA, Cooperative Research Centre for Beef Genetic Technologies, A N.S.W. Deptartment of Primary Industries, B University of New England
5. A new tool for the prediction of fatness in beef cattle, W.A. McKiernanA, V.H. OddyB and M.J. McPheeC; Cooperative Research Centre for Beef Genetic Technologies, A N.S.W. Dept of Primary Industries, B University of New England, C N.S.W. Dept of Primary Industries Beef Industry Centre of Excellence.
6. Effect of gene markers for tenderness on eating quality of beef, B.L. McIntyre, CRC for Beef Genetic Technologies, Department of Agriculture and Food WA
7. Accelerating beef industry innovation through Beef Profit Partnerships, Parnell PF1,2, Clark RA1,3, Timms J1,3, Griffith G1,2, Alford A1,2, Mulholland C1 and Hyland P1,4,1Co-operative Research Centre for Beef Genetic Technologies; 2NSW Department of Primary Industries; 3 Qld Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries; 4The University of Queensland.
SUSTAINABILITY
8. The WA Sheep Industry - is it ethically and environmentally sustainable? Danielle England, Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia
9. Overview of ruminant agriculture and greenhouse emissions, Fiona Jones, Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia
10. Grazing for Nitrogen Efficiency, John Lucey, Martin Staines and Richard Morris, Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia
11. Investigating potential adaptations to climate change for low rainfall farming system, Megan Abrahams, Caroline Peek, Dennis Van Gool, Daniel Gardiner, Kari-Lee Falconer, Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia
SHEEP
12. Benchmarking ewe productivity through on-farm genetic comparisons, Sandra Prosser, Mario D’Antuono and Johan Greeff; Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia
13. Increasing profitability by pregnancy scanning ewes, John Young1, Andrew Thompson2 and Chris Oldham2; 1Farming Systems Analysis Service, Kojonup, WA, 2Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia
14. Targeted treatment of worm-affected sheep - more efficient, more sustainable, Brown Besier, Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia
15. Improving Weaner Sheep Survival, Angus Campbell and Ralph Behrendt, Cooperative Research Centre for Sheep Industry Innovatio
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